Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck’s model for large-scale evolutionary change involved primarily: dynamic, monophyletic speciation by cladogenesis static, polyphyletic speciation by cladogenesis dynamic, polyphyletic speciation by anagenesis static, monophyletic speciation by anagenesis static, monophyletic speciation by cladogenesis

Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck’s model for large-scale evolutionary change involved primarily: dynamic, monophyletic speciation by cladogenesis static, polyphyletic speciation by cladogenesis dynamic, polyphyletic speciation by anagenesis static, monophyletic speciation by anagenesis static, monophyletic speciation by cladogenesis

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter11: Evolution And Its Processes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4RQ: What is the difference between micro- and macroevolution? a. Microevolution describes the evolution...

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The theory of evolution by Darwin is a composite theory, i.e. it has five component theories: 1. Evolution as such is the simple proposition that the characteristics of lineages of organisms change over time 2. Common descent is a radically different view of evolution than the scheme Lamarck proposed. Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time. 3. Gradualism – Darwin’s proposition that the differences between even radically different organisms have evolved incrementally, by small steps through intermediate forms. The alternative to this theory, as discussed in later sections, is saltation with great reference to large differences that are believed to have evolved by leaps without intermediates. 4. Populational change – Darwin’s thesis that evolution occurs by changes in the proportions of individuals within a population that have different inherited characteristics. 5. Natural selection – Darwin’s…
The theory of evolution by Darwin is a composite theory, i.e. it has five component theories: 1. Evolution as such is the simple proposition that the characteristics of lineages of organisms change over time 2. Common descent is a radically different view of evolution than the scheme Lamarck proposed. Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time. 3. Gradualism – Darwin’s proposition that the differences between even radically different organisms have evolved incrementally, by small steps through intermediate forms. The alternative to this theory, as discussed in later sections, is saltation with great reference to large differences that are believed to have evolved by leaps without intermediates. 4. Populational change – Darwin’s thesis that evolution occurs by changes in the proportions of individuals within a population that have different inherited characteristics. 5. Natural selection – Darwin’s…
The theory of evolution by Darwin is a composite theory, i.e. it has five component theories: 1. Evolution as such is the simple proposition that the characteristics of lineages of organisms change over time 2. Common descent is a radically different view of evolution than the scheme Lamarck proposed. Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time. 3. Gradualism – Darwin’s proposition that the differences between even radically different organisms have evolved incrementally, by small steps through intermediate forms. The alternative to this theory, as discussed in later sections, is saltation with great reference to large differences that are believed to have evolved by leaps without intermediates. 4. Populational change – Darwin’s thesis that evolution occurs by changes in the proportions of individuals within a population that have different inherited characteristics. 5. Natural selection – Darwin’s…
The theory of evolution by Darwin is a composite theory, i.e. it has five component theories: 1. Evolution as such is the simple proposition that the characteristics of lineages of organisms change over time 2. Common descent is a radically different view of evolution than the scheme Lamarck proposed. Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time. 3. Gradualism – Darwin’s proposition that the differences between even radically different organisms have evolved incrementally, by small steps through intermediate forms. The alternative to this theory, as discussed in later sections, is saltation with great reference to large differences that are believed to have evolved by leaps without intermediates. 4. Populational change – Darwin’s thesis that evolution occurs by changes in the proportions of individuals within a population that have different inherited characteristics. 5. Natural selection – Darwin’s…
The theory of evolution by Darwin is a composite theory, i.e. it has five component theories: 1. Evolution as such is the simple proposition that the characteristics of lineages of organisms change over time 2. Common descent is a radically different view of evolution than the scheme Lamarck proposed. Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time. 3. Gradualism – Darwin’s proposition that the differences between even radically different organisms have evolved incrementally, by small steps through intermediate forms. The alternative to this theory, as discussed in later sections, is saltation with great reference to large differences that are believed to have evolved by leaps without intermediates. 4. Populational change – Darwin’s thesis that evolution occurs by changes in the proportions of individuals within a population that have different inherited characteristics. 5. Natural selection – Darwin’s…
The theory of evolution by Darwin is a composite theory, i.e. it has five component theories: 1. Evolution as such is the simple proposition that the characteristics of lineages of organisms change over time 2. Common descent is a radically different view of evolution than the scheme Lamarck proposed. Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time. 3. Gradualism – Darwin’s proposition that the differences between even radically different organisms have evolved incrementally, by small steps through intermediate forms. The alternative to this theory, as discussed in later sections, is saltation with great reference to large differences that are believed to have evolved by leaps without intermediates. 4. Populational change – Darwin’s thesis that evolution occurs by changes in the proportions of individuals within a population that have different inherited characteristics. 5. Natural selection – Darwin’s…
Label the four parts of the evolutionary tree as indicating a monophyletic group, a paraphyletic group, or a polyphyletic group. Each label may be used more than once or not at all Paraphyletic group Polyphyletic group Birds Monophyletic group Nonavian "Class Reptilla": dinosaurs Crocodiles Lizards and snakes Turtles Mammals Amphiblans Reset
The diagram below represents the ranges of 3 species (A, B, and C), which are separated by a mountain range and river. It has been hypothesized that these three species arose via vicariance ecological speciation. Specifically, the entire area was originally occupied by a single species. Its range was split first by the mountain range. Later, the river formed, separating populations on the eastern side of the mountains. If this hypothesis is correct, phylogenetic analysis should reveal that: NIS 4 44444 U LEL B All three species are equally related to each other. Species A and B are each other's closest relatives (sister taxa). Species B and C are each other's closest relatives (sister taxa). Species A and Care each other's closest relatives (sister taxa).
Which of the following concepts characterized Lamarck’s hypothesis about evolution? Select all that apply. Environmental pressures caused an internal requirement for change in an individual, and the individual would change to meet this pressure. Species gradually improved over generations due to an inherent drive toward perfection. Changes acquired to meet environmental pressures during an individual’s lifetime would be inherited by offspring. Over many generations, individuals that have more adaptive traits tend to survive longer and reproduce more than less fit rivals.
Cladistics & Natural Selection Use the table below to answer the following questions about the different species Species 2 Species 3 Spots Character Species 1 Character State White White White = 0 Black = 1 Color Grey = 2 Spots = 3 %3D Height Short Short Tall Short = 0 Tall = 1 Sticky Rough Sticky = 0 Rough = 1 Texture Soft %3! Soft = 2 Part 1: Which species is the basal species (outgroup)? Part 2: The dominant trait for texture for Species 2 is sticky and the recessive trait is soft. The allele frequency for the dominant allele is 0.15. Calculate the frequency for the recessive allele in this population.
n which situation would it make sense to use the phylogenetic species concept? When you are not able to collect data about how individuals in your study use their habitat, but you are able to collect reproductive data When you are able to collect data about how individuals in your study use their habitat, but you are unable to determine if they interbreed When you only have genetic data about each organism in your study When working with fossils from extinct organisms
Match the terms to their descriptors. NOTE: If you want to change your selection, you'll need to delete the one you already chose. After you delete it, the list of choices will pop back up and you can make a different choice. Two species evolve in different directions from a common starting point Divergent evolution Two species independently evolve similar structures Homologous structures Traits that look similar but were not inherited from a common Convergent evolution ancestor Analogous structures Traits that are similar because they were inherited from a common ancestor