Which of these practices increase and decrease infiltration rate ?how does this happen Explain the increase and decrease pls use the information from the photons to answer the question A What surfaceEarth SUPPLEMENTAL EXERCISES - ESCI 103L - Cuyahoga Community College(is vsoil Infiltration.Soil Health-Guides for EducatorsQ-opslenic breSDA NRCSUnited States Department of AgricultureNatural Resources Conservation SeSoilinfiltration refers to the ability of the soil to allow water to move into and through the soil profile.Infiltration allows the soil to temporarily store water, making it available for use by plants and soilorganisms. The infiltration rate is a measure of how fast water enters the soil, typically expressed ininches per hour. For initial in-field assessments; however, it is more practical to express the infiltrationrate as the minutes needed for a soil to absorb each inch of water applied to the surface. If the rate istoo slow, it can result in ponding in level areas, surface runoff, and erosion in sloping areas and canlead to flooding or inadequate moisture for crop production. Sufficient water must infiltrate the soilprofile for optimum crop production. Water that infiltrates through porous soils recharges groundwateraquifers and helps to sustain the base flow in streams.Unless properly managed, a high infiltration rate can lead to leaching of nitrate nitrogen or pesticidesand loss of phosphorus from soils that have a high level of phosphorus. Management practices suchas use of no-till cropping systems and use of high residue crops and cover crops can improveinfiltration by increasing the soil organic matter content.Inherent Factors Affecting Soil InfiltrationSoil texture, or the percentage of sand, silt, and clayin a soil, is the major inherent factor affecting infiltration. Water moves more quickly through the largeores in sandy soil than it does through the small pores in clayey soil, especially if the clay iscompacted and has little or no structure or aggregation.bris eoIncinco rigiri sDepending on the amount and type of clay minerals, some clayey soils develop cracks fromshrinkage as they become dry. The cracks are direct conduits for water to enter the soils. Thus,clayey soils can have a high infiltration rate when dry and a slow rate when moist (cracks close).Clayey soils that do not crack have a slow infiltration rate unless they have a high content of ironoxide (red clayey soils) or they formed in volcanic ash. Management practices that improve soilorganic matter content, soil aggregation, and porosity can improve infiltration.line-gnosinooliveManagement practices such as using diverse high-residue crops, maintaining residue on the soil osurface, using cover crops, and managing equipment traffic to avoid compaction affect infiltration byminimizing surface crusting and compaction and increasing soil organic matter content and porosity.Unless the soil is protected by plant or residue cover, the direct impact of raindrops dislodges soilparticles, resulting in runoff and erosion. The rainfall simulator in figure 1 shows that more runoffoccurs where there is less residue on the surface, increasing the risk of erosion. Dislodged soilparticles fill in the surface pores, contributing to the development of a surface crust, which restrictsthe movement of water into the soil. Equipment use, especially on wet soils, and tillage can result incompaction. Compacted or impervious soil layers have less pore space, which restricts watermovement through the soil profile.irts9Edited from D. Steer, The Good Earth. Also created by K. Sasowsky (Sup. Ex.3, 7, 6a, parts of Sup. Ex. A&B, part, 24, 25, 38, Sup. Alt. Energy 1 and 2, Sup. Switchthe Energy Project Discussion Questions); copyrights retained by authors, 2021. 3.nfiltration rate'DIVErate (be specific)?Earth SUPPLEMENTAL EXERCISES - ESCI 103L - Cuyahoga Community CollegeInfiltration Management As soil moisture content increases, the infiltration rate decreases. Soilmoisture is affected by evaporation, water use by plants, residue on surface and plant cover,irrigation, and drainage. Dry soils tend to have pores and cracks that allow water to enter faster. As asoil becomes wet, the infiltration rate slows to a steady rate based on how fast water can movethrough the saturated soil; the most restrictive layer, such as a compacted layer; or a dense claylayer.Relationship between Rainfall, Infiltration, and Runoffeu hot eldevex (Rainfall Rate Infiltration Capacity)Rainfall rate 25 mm/hBlaz breanoitsuliti arerit of, beliggInfiltrationrate=15 mm/hInfiltrationcapacity 15 mm/hroselodqzorg to lovelnesnovSurfacerunoff 10 mm/hnatbaeliups5. VpgFigure 1.-Rainfall simulator.http://ftp.comet.ucar.edu/memory-stick/hydro/basic_int/runoff/print.htm#page_1.0.0102601©The COMET ProgramSoil organic matter binds soil particles together into stable aggregates, increasing porosity andinfiltration. Soils that have a high content of organic matter also provide good habitat for soil biota,such as earthworms. Soil biota increase pore space and create continuous pores that link thesoil layer to subsurface layers.arlTb amooedupperno pribegedLong-term solutions for maintaining or improving soil infiltration include practices that increaseorganic matter content and aggregation and minimize runoff, disturbance, and compaction. A higherdem binsgiocontent of organic matter results in better soil aggregation and improved soil structure, increasing thesoil infiltration rate.To improve the soil infiltration rate: o subizen-diri seievib prieu za doua colland inesgonsMof bitsal jnemglupa pripens• Avoid soil disturbance and equipment use when the soils are wet.Use equipment only on designated roads or between rows.Limit the number of times equipment is used on a field.Rip subsoil to break up compacted layers.• Use a continuous, no-till cropping system.•Apply solid manure or other organic material.bras agnies.onahuebns grita no shue poisiminimbalong a li edi 3acinusoshue and minemqiupa loa and• Use rotations that include high-residue crops, such as corn and small grain, and perennial crops,such as grass and alfalfa.se10Edited from D. Steer, The Good Earth. Also created by K. Sasowsky (Sup. Ex.3, 7, 6a, parts of Sup. Ex. A&B, part, 24, 25, 38, Sup. Alt. Energy 1 and 2, Sup. Switchthe Energy Project Discussion Questions); copyrights retained by authors, 2021.

Question

Which of these practices increase and decrease infiltration rate ?how does this happen Explain the increase and decrease pls use the information from the photons to answer the question A What surfaceEarth SUPPLEMENTAL EXERCISES - ESCI 103L - Cuyahoga Community College(is vsoil Infiltration.Soil Health-Guides for EducatorsQ-opslenic breSDA NRCSUnited States Department of AgricultureNatural Resources Conservation SeSoilinfiltration refers to the ability of the soil to allow water to move into and through the soil profile.Infiltration allows the soil to temporarily store water, making it available for use by plants and soilorganisms. The infiltration rate is a measure of how fast water enters the soil, typically expressed ininches per hour. For initial in-field assessments; however, it is more practical to express the infiltrationrate as the minutes needed for a soil to absorb each inch of water applied to the surface. If the rate istoo slow, it can result in ponding in level areas, surface runoff, and erosion in sloping areas and canlead to flooding or inadequate moisture for crop production. Sufficient water must infiltrate the soilprofile for optimum crop production. Water that infiltrates through porous soils recharges groundwateraquifers and helps to sustain the base flow in streams.Unless properly managed, a high infiltration rate can lead to leaching of nitrate nitrogen or pesticidesand loss of phosphorus from soils that have a high level of phosphorus. Management practices suchas use of no-till cropping systems and use of high residue crops and cover crops can improveinfiltration by increasing the soil organic matter content.Inherent Factors Affecting Soil InfiltrationSoil texture, or the percentage of sand, silt, and clayin a soil, is the major inherent factor affecting infiltration. Water moves more quickly through the largeores in sandy soil than it does through the small pores in clayey soil, especially if the clay iscompacted and has little or no structure or aggregation.bris eoIncinco rigiri sDepending on the amount and type of clay minerals, some clayey soils develop cracks fromshrinkage as they become dry. The cracks are direct conduits for water to enter the soils. Thus,clayey soils can have a high infiltration rate when dry and a slow rate when moist (cracks close).Clayey soils that do not crack have a slow infiltration rate unless they have a high content of ironoxide (red clayey soils) or they formed in volcanic ash. Management practices that improve soilorganic matter content, soil aggregation, and porosity can improve infiltration.line-gnosinooliveManagement practices such as using diverse high-residue crops, maintaining residue on the soil osurface, using cover crops, and managing equipment traffic to avoid compaction affect infiltration byminimizing surface crusting and compaction and increasing soil organic matter content and porosity.Unless the soil is protected by plant or residue cover, the direct impact of raindrops dislodges soilparticles, resulting in runoff and erosion. The rainfall simulator in figure 1 shows that more runoffoccurs where there is less residue on the surface, increasing the risk of erosion. Dislodged soilparticles fill in the surface pores, contributing to the development of a surface crust, which restrictsthe movement of water into the soil. Equipment use, especially on wet soils, and tillage can result incompaction. Compacted or impervious soil layers have less pore space, which restricts watermovement through the soil profile.irts9Edited from D. Steer, The Good Earth. Also created by K. Sasowsky (Sup. Ex.3, 7, 6a, parts of Sup. Ex. A&B, part, 24, 25, 38, Sup. Alt. Energy 1 and 2, Sup. Switchthe Energy Project Discussion Questions); copyrights retained by authors, 2021. 3.nfiltration rate'DIVErate (be specific)?Earth SUPPLEMENTAL EXERCISES - ESCI 103L - Cuyahoga Community CollegeInfiltration Management As soil moisture content increases, the infiltration rate decreases. Soilmoisture is affected by evaporation, water use by plants, residue on surface and plant cover,irrigation, and drainage. Dry soils tend to have pores and cracks that allow water to enter faster. As asoil becomes wet, the infiltration rate slows to a steady rate based on how fast water can movethrough the saturated soil; the most restrictive layer, such as a compacted layer; or a dense claylayer.Relationship between Rainfall, Infiltration, and Runoffeu hot eldevex (Rainfall Rate > Infiltration Capacity)Rainfall rate 25 mm/hBlaz breanoitsuliti arerit of, beliggInfiltrationrate=15 mm/hInfiltrationcapacity 15 mm/hroselodqzorg to lovelnesnovSurfacerunoff 10 mm/hnatbaeliups5. VpgFigure 1.-Rainfall simulator.http://ftp.comet.ucar.edu/memory-stick/hydro/basic_int/runoff/print.htm#page_1.0.0102601©The COMET ProgramSoil organic matter binds soil particles together into stable aggregates, increasing porosity andinfiltration. Soils that have a high content of organic matter also provide good habitat for soil biota,such as earthworms. Soil biota increase pore space and create continuous pores that link thesoil layer to subsurface layers.arlTb amooedupperno pribegedLong-term solutions for maintaining or improving soil infiltration include practices that increaseorganic matter content and aggregation and minimize runoff, disturbance, and compaction. A higherdem binsgiocontent of organic matter results in better soil aggregation and improved soil structure, increasing thesoil infiltration rate.To improve the soil infiltration rate: o subizen-diri seievib prieu za doua colland inesgonsMof bitsal jnemglupa pripens• Avoid soil disturbance and equipment use when the soils are wet.Use equipment only on designated roads or between rows.Limit the number of times equipment is used on a field.Rip subsoil to break up compacted layers.• Use a continuous, no-till cropping system.•Apply solid manure or other organic material.bras agnies.onahuebns grita no shue poisiminimbalong a li edi 3acinusoshue and minemqiupa loa and• Use rotations that include high-residue crops, such as corn and small grain, and perennial crops,such as grass and alfalfa.se10Edited from D. Steer, The Good Earth. Also created by K. Sasowsky (Sup. Ex.3, 7, 6a, parts of Sup. Ex. A&B, part, 24, 25, 38, Sup. Alt. Energy 1 and 2, Sup. Switchthe Energy Project Discussion Questions); copyrights retained by authors, 2021.

Accepted Answer

The pace at which water percolates through the soil is known as the infiltration rate.