Multiple Choice Question: Which of the following statements describes a general feature of the lipid bilayer in all biological membranes? O A The bilayor is stabilized by covalent bonds between neighboring phospholipid molecules. O B. Triacyiglycerols are tho main structural components of each of the two monolayers in the bilayer. Oc The polar head groups face inward toward the inside of the bilayer. O o. Individual lipid molecules are free to diffuse laterally in the surface of the bilayer. OE Sodium ions and other small charged compounds readily diffuse across the bilayer OF. Individual lipid molecules in one façe (monolayer) of the bilayer teadily dilfuse (1lip-flop) to the other monalayer

Multiple Choice Question: Which of the following statements describes a general feature of the lipid bilayer in all biological membranes? O A The bilayor is stabilized by covalent bonds between neighboring phospholipid molecules. O B. Triacyiglycerols are tho main structural components of each of the two monolayers in the bilayer. Oc The polar head groups face inward toward the inside of the bilayer. O o. Individual lipid molecules are free to diffuse laterally in the surface of the bilayer. OE Sodium ions and other small charged compounds readily diffuse across the bilayer OF. Individual lipid molecules in one façe (monolayer) of the bilayer teadily dilfuse (1lip-flop) to the other monalayer

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Choose all that aplly that are TRUE for the lipid bilayer:Negative mark is given to incorrect answer(s). a. The polar head groups of the bilayer are positively charged. b. Individual lipid molecules in one face (monolayer) of the bilayer cannot diffuse (flip-flop) to the other monolayer and must be catalyzed by a lipid transporter called flippase. c. The bilayer is stabilized by covalent bonds between neighbouring phospholipid molecules. d. Polar, but uncharged, compounds readily diffuse across the bilayer. e. Individual lipid molecules are free to diffuse laterally on the surface of the bilayer.
Discuss the permeability of the phospholipid bilayer to the molecules and ions listed below. Is the bilayer freely permeable, somewhat permeable, or impermeable to each of these? 1. OH- 2. H* 3. 0₂ 4. C6H12O6 5. H₂O 6. CO₂ Which is not a major function of the protein in cell membranes? They are important for membrane transport They are important for cell-to-cell joining They function as enzymes They regulate membrane fluidity Which is not true about cell membranes? They frequently flip-flop from one side of the membrane to the other - They can move freely within one side of the bilayer Fatty acid tails of phospholipids form the membrane interior The interior of the bilayer is hydrophoic
Which of the following correctly describes the structure of the phospholipid bilayer in plasma membranes? The polar hydrophilic groups of each leaflet face outward, toward the aqueous environment on either side of the membrane. A The non-polar hydrophobic groups of each leaflet face inward, toward each other. The non-polar hydrophilic groups of each leaflet face outward, toward the aqueous environment on either side of the membrane. B The polar hydrophobic groups of each leaflet face inward, toward each other. The polar hydrophilic groups of each leaflet face inward, toward each each other. The non-polar hydrophobic groups of each leaflet face outward, toward the aqueous environment on either side of the membrane. The non-polar hydrophilic groups of each leaflet face inward, toward each each other. The polar hydrophobic groups of each leaflet face outward, toward the aqueous environment on either side of the membrane.
Which of the following statements is/are incorrect? 1. The cell membrane is purely hydrophobic. 2. Glycerophospholipids have a phosphate derivative group that is known as the polar head group. 3. The individual glycerophospholipid molecules that aggregate become covalently linked to each other to form a lipid bilayer. 4. The interfacial region of a lipid bilayer is polar due to the polar head groups of the lipid molecules that make up the bilayer. O 1 and 3 O 1 only O 2 and 4 O 3 only O 4 only
b) Cellular membranes are generally found in environments that contain lots of water. Draw a diagram of what the phospholipid bilayer of a plasma membrane would look like if it were placed in a hydrophobic environment. (**Note that you only have to draw the phospholipid bilayer, you don't have to draw the other major components again as you did in part a) poned In salt wer (ho byorout obods f.Cplan why sctive tnsport is requind in tive tre nolaib beisio c) What part or parts of a cellular membrane play(s) a role in determining the fluidity of the membrane? pslomlo below
A lipid bilayer was prepared from equal amounts of the following lipids: • 1-lauryl-2-palmitoylphosphatidylcholine • 1-myristoyl-2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine Adding cholesterol to the lipid bilayer prepared above will most likely O decrease bilayer fluidity O increase bilayer fluidity have no effect on bilayer fluidity O destroy the bilayer
Lipid bilayers are said to behave like two-dimensional fluids. What does this mean? What drives the movement of lipid molecules and proteins within the bilayer? How can such movement be measured? What factors affect the degree of membrane fluidity
For the lipids within the bilayer that comprise the plasma membrane: O The hydrophilic ends face outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) and inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells, with hydrophobic ends buried in the center of the lipid bilayer. The hydrophobic ends face outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) and inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells, with hydrophilic ends buried in the center of the lipid bilayer. The hydrophilic ends face the outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) of the cells and the hydrophobic ends face inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells. O Hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends face outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) and inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells randomly. The hydrophobic ends face the outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) of the cells, the hydrophilic ends face inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells.
Two theories of membrane structure are discussed below. Unit Membrane Model Phospholipid molecules are the most abundant type of lipids in cell membranes. Each consists of a nonpolar, hydrophobic tail, and a polar, hydrophilic head. The phospholipid chains orient themselves to form a bilayer with the tails pointed inward and the hydrophilic heads lined up on both sides of the bilayer. An extended monomolecular layer of protein coats both the outside of the membrane and the inside of the bilayer, but the protein does not penetrate the bilayer. When thin slices of membranes were examined with an electron microscope, three layers were seen: two electron-dense layers, with one wider layer between them. It was believed that the electron-dense layers represented proteins, and the lighter area represented lipids. Fluid Mosaic Model The structure of the fluid mosaic membrane is a bilayer of phospholipid molecules with proteins inserted into the bilayer. Hydrophilic regions of both the lipids…
Biological membranes are critical components of cells that allow compartmentalisation of cellular contents. The diagram shows a biological membrane comprised of a lipid bilayer with a single polypeptide integrated into the membrane and spanning the membrane seven times. What is the name of the specific type of lipid comprising the bilayer shown above? What properties about the heads and tails of these lipid structures force them to be arranged as they are in the lipid bilayer?
Membrane proteins move laterally in a phospholipid bilayer but generally not up and down. Why would this be so?
In general terms, what would you expect to be different about the permeability of a lipid bilayer made of phospholipids (modern cells) and a bilayer made of fatty acids (protocell)?