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Q1. Discuss the role of the following reagents in the extraction of caffeine.
a. Vinegar
b. Baking soda
Q2. What are emulsions? Why do they form during extractions? How is their formation minimized?
Q3. Why is it necessary to turn the separatory funnel upside down and to open the
stopcock?
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- A mixture of the two compounds shown below is dissolved in ether. Using the information given in the experiment, select all the correct statements regarding the extraction and isolation of the two compounds. lose 0000 X OH A. X can be extracted from the organic layer using sodium hydroxide. B. Y can precipitate out of the aqueous layer by the addition of sodium hydroxide to the salt of Y. C. X can precipitate out of the aqueous layer by the addition of sodium hydroxide to the salt of X. D. Y can be extracted from the organic layer using sodium hydroxide.What would be a good way to extract milkfat from your casein precipitate? (think: solvent polarity)TRUE OR FALSE 1. Medicated elixirs are advantageous in adjusting the dose that may be increased or decreased by simply taking more or less of the elixir. 2. It is impossible to increase or decrease the amount taken of one ingredient without and automatic and corresponding adjustment in the dose taken of the other. 3. Then the alcoholic solution is added to the aqueous solution in order to maintain the highest possible alcoholic strength. 4. Saccharin is used for elixirs with low alcoholic content required only in small amounts. 5. Proportion of alcohol varies widely in elixirs since the individual components. 6. The final mixture of elixir will be clear since the separation of some of the flavoring oils by the reduced alcoholic concentration. 7. Permission of the oil globules oil to coalesce leads to difficulty in filtration. 8. Wetting the filter paper and collection flask using the solvent ensures continued solubility of the alcoholic ingredients. 9. Elixirs are best stored in…
- IDENTIFICATION OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE MIXTURES. 1. A. Sodium Chloride - naphthalene -'Food Color Mixture 1. Sublimation 2. Adsorption with activated carbon 3. Dissolution with water then evaporation B. Sodium chloride - Sulfur - Sand Mixture 1. Dissolution with water then evaporation 2. Dissolution with toluene then decantation 3. Dissolution with toluene the evaporation17. Which solvent mixture would be the most polar?a. 100% hexanesb. 90:10 hexanes/acetonec. 80:20 hexanes/acetoned. 50:50 hexanes/acetoneIsopropanol and water are miscible, meaning they can be combined in any ratio. So why were they immiscible in this experiment? In other words, why does the presence of sodium chloride reduce the solubility?
- Which of the following is true when preparing solutions? a. Make sure that the solvent and reagents are contaminated. b. When diluting to the mark using a volumetric flask, the upper meniscus and mark should be at eye level. c. If amount added is over the mark, you cannot just take out the excess liquid and preparation must be repeated. d. After mixing the contents of the flask and the level of the meniscus seems lower than the mark, add more diluent.10. Describe how you can decide whether your recrystallized trphenylmethanol is pure or not ?How do we keep relative supersaturation low by controlling solubility? a. solubility should be fluctuating b. solubility should be higher c. solubility should be constant
- 4. Explain why aspirin is more soluble in ethanol than in water. For either of these solvents explain why it would be a better choice as a recrystallization solvent than the other (water vs. ethanol).Two students, Ryeo and Wookie, performed the solubility equilibrium experiment. In preparing the second trial at room temperature, Ryeo ran out of distilled water. He then used the stored distilled water from the refrigerator. On the other hand, Wookie was in a rush that he overtitrated his trial. What will happen to the results of their second trials? a. Both Ryeo and Wookie will obtain a higher calculated Kep. O b. Both Ryeo and Wookie will obtain a lower calculated Ksp. O c. Ryeo will obtain a higher calculated Ksp, but Wookie will still get an accurate value. O d. Ryeo will still get an accurate value, but Wookie will obtain a higher calculated Ksp.1. explain the influence of temperature and freezing on the stability of mayonnaise. 2. explain how a broken oil-in-water emulsion can be re-established?