Question 2: lon channels are the key to cell signaling in the body. The voltagegated calcium channels discussed in question one are a part of that. Thesesystems are in delicate balance, keeping ion concentrations around the cell at aspecific level so that an electrical signal can travel, in this case, down a skeletalmuscle, and cause a contraction. Both hypokalemic (too few ions) periodicparalysis and hyperkalemic (too many ions) periodic paralysis are caused bymutations to the CACNA1S gene.If a mutation created a hyperkalemic periodic paralysis phenotype, that mutationcould be characterized asfor the CACNA1s geneA. Gain of FunctionB. Loss of FunctionC. NullD. SilentIf a mutation created a hypokalemic periodic paralysis phenotype, that mutationcould be characterized asfor the CACNA1s geneA. Gain of FunctionB. Loss of FunctionC. NullD. Silent

For a hyperkalemic periodic paralysis phenotype, the mutation in the CACNA1S gene would most likely…

Answered: Question 2: lon channels are the key to…

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter7: The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1SQE

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QUESTION 1 Gap junctions are involved in O endocrine none of the other choices O neural paracrine QUESTION 2 Potassium ions enter a cell by active transport, diffusion O diffusion, diffusion active transport, active transport O diffusion, active transport QUESTION 3 O altering transcription signaling. Compared to water-soluble signals, lipid-soluble signals are more likely to produce their effects on the target cell by: activating enzymes at the plasma membrane opening or closing ion channels QUESTION 4 and exit a cell by Opening potassium ion channels in a neuron will lead to the cell interior becoming: less negative, which is hyperpolarization less negative, which is depolarization more negative, which is hyperpolarization O more negative, which is depolarization
QUESTION 41 Which of the following statements is mismatched with the neurotransmitter? binds to muscarinic receptors - norepinephrine binds to ligand-gated ion channels - acetylcholine synthesized from tyrosine - epinephrine O released via exocytosis - dopamine
Question 18 of 18 Leak ion channels Select the correct response: open in response to small voltage changes. open when a chemical signal binds to its receptor. are responsible for the ion permeability of the resting plasma membrane. Allow substances to move into the cell but not out. All of these are correct.
QUESTION 2: Select the correct statement regarding the actin cytoskeleton O They are involved in the formation of the axoneme Actin microfilaments are the most stable rytoskeleton network can undergo catastrophe due to GTP hydrolysis-mediated conformational changes Synthesis and degradation of actin microfiaments is directional with g-actin subunits added only to the end of the microflament while depolymerization occurs at the end. QUESTION 3: From the list below salect the correct statements regarding the genetic code The basis of the genetic code are codons Cosons are formed by 5 consecutive nucleotides The genetic code has a possibile 64 different codem Codos code for 30 distinct amo acas The genetic code has built in degeneracy
Question:- 1. Describe the role of differential electrical charge across the cell membrane in both non-excitable and excitable cells. Include in your description terms like equilibrium potential, hyperpolarization, depolarization, and the sodium-potassium pump. For excitable, think in terms of both neuron and muscle.
QUESTION 3 Which of the following is true of both GPCR signaling and steroid hormone signaling? They both involve intracellular receptors. They may result from endocrine signals. Both effects are rapid and reversible. They both involve enzyme cascades. OO O O
Question 4 Place the following events in order of their occurrence. 1. membrane repolarizes 2. K+ voltage gated channels open 3. Na+ voltage gated channels close 4. threshold is reached 5. membrane depolarizes 6. Na+/K+ pump reestablishes resting potential 7. Na+ moves through non-gated channels 8. Na+ voltage gated channels open 9. hyperpolarization then closure of K+ gates 10. membrane depolarizes to peak O 7.5.4.8.10.3.2.1.9.6 O 5.9.4.3.10.1.2.8.6.7. O 3.7.9.5.10.6.4.2.1.8 O9.6.8.10.2.5.7.1.3.4.9. « Previous
The rapid upstroke of a SA nodal cell action potential is due to the opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels. answer should clearly state whether or not the statement is correct and then concisely explain why. the answer should be 3-5 sentences and address all of the points in the statement. Here is an example: Both transmembrane carrier proteins and transmembrane channel proteins can mediate active transport of a hydrophilic solute through a cell plasma membrane. This statement is incorrect. Movement of a solute through a channel protein is always passive, whereas carrier-mediated transmembrane transport can be either passive or active. A transmembrane channel protein creates a pore through the membrane allowing for simple diffusion of a hydrophilic solute down a concentration gradient through the membrane. In contrast, transmembrane carrier protein interacts with and ‘escorts’ a hydrophilic solute through the membrane and is capable of transporting a solute against a concentration…
Question 1 Question 7 Identify the molecule which binds calcium ions after they enter the synaptic bouton via VG Ca++ channels and facilitates exocytosis of acetylcholine (Ach) from synaptic vesicles. synaptic vesicle zippering plasma membrane troponin tropomyosin synaptotagmin O myosin O calmodulin calsequestrin
Which of the following statements best describes the features of voltage-gated K+ channels? They consist of 4 subunits, are activated at the same time as voltage-gated Na+ channels, but do not inactivate. They consist of 4 subunits, are activated by depolarisation and close slowly during the refractory period. They have 24 membrane spanning alpha helices, 4 of which have positively charged amino acids which promote a conformational change in the channel following depolarisation. They consist of 4 subunits and are open at rest which causes the resting membrane potential to be close to the K+ equilibrium potential.
Membrane potential in cells is constantly fluctuating. These fluctuations are called graded potentials and we will learn more about them in future lectures. Look at the fluctuating graded potential in the graph as an example. If Cl- generally has a relatively low membrane permeability, how would increasing Cl- permeability affect this graph?
Myasthenia gravis is a disease that leads to a marked decrease in the number of acetylcholine (Ach) receptors at the neuromuscular junction. As a result, suppose only about 200 (instead of 2000) Ach receptor-channels are opened by each quantum of Ach. The Ach-gated channels that survive operate normally and each cause a depolarization of about 0.25 x 10-3 mV when open. The function of the presynaptic terminal is normal and an action potential will cause the release of 100 quanta of neurotransmitter. For a patient with myasthenia gravis, what would be the magnitude of the depolarization (in mV) associated with opening of one Ach-gated channel? a.) 0.25x10^-2 mv b.) 0.25x10^-3 mv c.) 0.25x10^-4 mv d.) 0.5x10^-1 mv e.) 0.5 mv

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