QUESTION: Dietary factors associated with increased risk for obesity are increased dietary fat intake and increased calorie-dense beverages. Enumerate foods from Margaret’s diet recall that fit these criteria. How do high carbohydrate diet lead to increased lipid content in the body? Nutrition: General: Very good appetite with consumption of a wide variety of foods. Margaret’s physical activity level is generally low. She discontinued physical activities for five years now. She likes playing video games and reading. Sample of 24-hour meal recall: Breakfast: 4 servings of pancakes (4 inches across, 1/4 inch thick), 8 oz whole milk, 4 oz apple juice Lunch: 2 burrito and cheese sandwiches (2 slices of white bread, 1 oz. mozzarella, 1 tbsp mayonnaise each) 1-oz pkg potato chips, 8 oz whole milk After school snack: Peanut butter and jelly sandwich (2 slices white bread with 2 tbsp crunchy peanut butter and 2 tbsp fruit jelly), 12 oz wholemilk Dinner: Skinless lean chicken (10 oz.), 1 c mashed potatoes, 1 c blanched okra, 16 oz lemonade Snack: 3 c microwave popcorn, 12 oz Coca-Cola Vitamin intake: Multivitamins (plus zinc) daily Laboratory Results: Chemistry Reference Range Physical Assessment Results Sodium (mmol/L) 136-145 142 Potassium (mmol/L) 3.5-5.5 4.3 Chloride (mmol/L) 95-105 101 Creatinine (mg/dL) 0.6-1.2 0.6 Glucose (mg/dL) 70-110 122 ↑ Bilirubin total (mg/dL) ≤1.5 c 0.1 Protein, total (g/dL) 6-8 6.2 ALT (U/L) 4-36 5 AST (U/L) 0-35 6 Cholesterol (mg/dL) <170 180 ↑ HDL-C (mg/dL) >55 F, >45 M 34 ↓ LDL (mg/dL) <110 125 ↑ LDL/HDL ratio <3.22 F; <3.55 M 3.68 ↑ Triglycerides (mg/dL) ≤150 114
QUESTION:
Dietary factors associated with increased risk for obesity are increased dietary fat intake and increased calorie-dense beverages. Enumerate foods from Margaret’s diet recall that fit these criteria. How do high carbohydrate diet lead to increased lipid content in the body?
Nutrition:
General: Very good appetite with consumption of a wide variety of foods. Margaret’s physical activity level is generally low. She discontinued physical activities for five years now. She likes playing video games and reading.
Sample of 24-hour meal recall:
Breakfast: 4 servings of pancakes (4 inches across, 1/4 inch thick), 8 oz whole milk, 4 oz apple juice
Lunch: 2 burrito and cheese sandwiches (2 slices of white bread, 1 oz. mozzarella, 1 tbsp mayonnaise each) 1-oz pkg potato chips, 8 oz whole milk
After school snack: Peanut butter and jelly sandwich (2 slices white bread with 2 tbsp crunchy peanut butter and 2 tbsp fruit jelly), 12 oz wholemilk
Dinner: Skinless lean chicken (10 oz.), 1 c mashed potatoes, 1 c blanched okra, 16 oz lemonade
Snack: 3 c microwave popcorn, 12 oz Coca-Cola
Vitamin intake: Multivitamins (plus zinc) daily
- Laboratory Results:
|
Chemistry |
Reference Range |
Physical Assessment Results |
|
Sodium (mmol/L) |
136-145 |
142 |
|
Potassium (mmol/L) |
3.5-5.5 |
4.3 |
|
Chloride (mmol/L) |
95-105 |
101 |
|
Creatinine (mg/dL) |
0.6-1.2 |
0.6 |
|
Glucose (mg/dL) |
70-110 |
122 ↑ |
|
Bilirubin total (mg/dL) |
≤1.5 c |
0.1 |
|
Protein, total (g/dL) |
6-8 |
6.2 |
|
ALT (U/L) |
4-36 |
5 |
|
AST (U/L) |
0-35 |
6 |
|
Cholesterol (mg/dL) |
<170 |
180 ↑ |
|
HDL-C (mg/dL) |
>55 F, >45 M |
34 ↓ |
|
LDL (mg/dL) |
<110 |
125 ↑ |
|
LDL/HDL ratio |
<3.22 F; <3.55 M |
3.68 ↑ |
|
Triglycerides (mg/dL) |
≤150 |
114 |
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