Could you help me with this question? I don't know where to start. All the information has been provided. REFER TO THE SCHEME FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF LIDOCAINE SHOWN BELOWNO2 SnCl,/ HCINH3 CINH2КонCH,COOHCH;COOH1232,6-Dimethy-2,6-Dimethy-nitrobenzeneanilineHtoluene5a-Chloro-2,6-Lidocainedimethylacetanilide 10. Although lidocaine is marketed as its hydrochloride salt, it doesn't exhibit the same level ofphysiological activity as the free amine. The free amine is more lipophilic and diffuses across aneuron cell membrane more rapidly than the ionic salt, resulting in a more rapid onset ofanesthesia. Therefore, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is added to a solution of lidocaine prior toinjection. How does the addition of sodium bicarbonate promote a faster anesthetic effect?

The explanation of the organic reaction is given below

REFER TO THE SCHEME FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF LIDOCAINE SHOWN BELOW NO2 SnCl,/ HCI LNH3 CI NH2 Кон CH;COOH CH;COOH 1 2 3 2,6-Dimethy- 2,6-Dimethy- nitrobenzene aniline toluene 5 a-Chloro-2,6- Lidocaine dimethylacetanilide

REFER TO THE SCHEME FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF LIDOCAINE SHOWN BELOW NO2 SnCl,/ HCI LNH3 CI NH2 Кон CH;COOH CH;COOH 1 2 3 2,6-Dimethy- 2,6-Dimethy- nitrobenzene aniline toluene 5 a-Chloro-2,6- Lidocaine dimethylacetanilide

Organic Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305580350

Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote

Publisher:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote

Chapter23: Amines

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 23.56P

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Question

Could you help me with this question? I don't know where to start. All the information has been provided.

REFER TO THE SCHEME FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF LIDOCAINE SHOWN BELOW
NO2 SnCl,/ HCI
NH3 CI
NH2
Кон
CH,COOH
CH;COOH
1
2
3
2,6-Dimethy-
2,6-Dimethy-
nitrobenzene
aniline
H
toluene
5
a-Chloro-2,6-
Lidocaine
dimethylacetanilide

10. Although lidocaine is marketed as its hydrochloride salt, it doesn't exhibit the same level of
physiological activity as the free amine. The free amine is more lipophilic and diffuses across a
neuron cell membrane more rapidly than the ionic salt, resulting in a more rapid onset of
anesthesia. Therefore, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is added to a solution of lidocaine prior to
injection. How does the addition of sodium bicarbonate promote a faster anesthetic effect?

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