Scientists use the pH scale to represent the level of acidity or alkalinity of a liquid. This is based on the molar concentration of hydrogen ions, [H+]. Since the values of [H+] vary over a large range, 1 x 100 mole per liter to 1 × 10-14 mole per liter (mol/L), a logarithmic scale is used to compute pH. The formula pH = -log[H*] represents the pH of a liquid as a function of its concentration of hydrogen ions, [H+]. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. Pure water is taken as neutral having a pH of 7. A pH less than 7 is acidic. A pH greater than 7 is alkaline (or basic). For Exercise, use the formula for pH. Round pH values to 1 decimal place. Lemon juice Wine Ammonia Bleach 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 pH 100 10-2 10-4 10-7 10-10 10-12 10-14 [H+] Water Acidic Alkaline (neutral) Vinegar and lemon juice are both acids. Their [H+] values are 5.0 x 10-3 mol/L and 1 x 10-2 mol/L, respectively. a. Find the pH for vinegar. b. Find the pH for lemon juice. c. Which substance is more acidic?
Scientists use the pH scale to represent the level of acidity or alkalinity of a liquid. This is based on the molar concentration of hydrogen ions, [H+]. Since the values of [H+] vary over a large range, 1 x 100 mole per liter to 1 × 10-14 mole per liter (mol/L), a logarithmic scale is used to compute pH. The formula pH = -log[H*] represents the pH of a liquid as a function of its concentration of hydrogen ions, [H+]. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. Pure water is taken as neutral having a pH of 7. A pH less than 7 is acidic. A pH greater than 7 is alkaline (or basic). For Exercise, use the formula for pH. Round pH values to 1 decimal place. Lemon juice Wine Ammonia Bleach 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 pH 100 10-2 10-4 10-7 10-10 10-12 10-14 [H+] Water Acidic Alkaline (neutral) Vinegar and lemon juice are both acids. Their [H+] values are 5.0 x 10-3 mol/L and 1 x 10-2 mol/L, respectively. a. Find the pH for vinegar. b. Find the pH for lemon juice. c. Which substance is more acidic?
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
9th Edition
ISBN:9781133949640
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Chapter3: Chemical Reactions
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 87SCQ: Most naturally occurring acids are weak acids. Lactic acid is one example....
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