Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: The net gain of ATP from the complete metabolism (aerobic) of glucose is closest to (a) 2, (b) 30, (c) 3, (d) 4.
Q: What are the assumptions made during the calculation of net gain of ATP?
A: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a molecule that is defined as the energy currency of life and…
Q: Describe in general terms what happens to a molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration
A: Metabolism is process of various biochemical reactions that breaks and makes the molecules in the…
Q: How many ATP molecules can be made from glucose in brain and heart tissue, respectively?
A: Cellular respiration is defined as a catabolic pathway of metabolism. Here, a series of chemical…
Q: Explain Anaerobic versus aerobic metabolism of glucose.
A: Biological molecules are chemical substances that occur in living organisms, and aid in performing…
Q: What is the fate of hydrogen atoms removed from glucose during glycolysis when oxygen is present in…
A: Carbohydrates: It is the energy source of the body represented by the formula (CH2O)n, where n is…
Q: What is the main difference in chemical input between aerobic and anaerobic cellular metabolism?
A: The process of breaking down sugar in the mitochondria of organisms in the presence of oxygen to…
Q: Why is the removal of the third phosphate group from ATP highly exergonic?
A: Exergonic reactions are spontaneous reactions where the release of free energy takes place. and the…
Q: Why does a deficiency in glucose-6-phosphatase lead to hypoglycemia even though the person is…
A: TCA cycle occurs in the matrix of mitochondria (cytosol in prokaryotes). The net result of TCA…
Q: Which of the following describes the changes in metabolic pathways that occur during exercise?…
A: Metabolic pathways are the interconnected pathways that occur inside the cells. These can be…
Q: What effect is observed on the rate of glycolysis under each of the following conditions? a. low ATP…
A: Introduction: a. rate of glycolysis will be high. b. rate of glycolysis will be low.
Q: Answer the following questions in 2-3 sentences only (This is all about Energy System Glycolytic…
A: Glycolysis is an aerobic process of metabolizing a glucose molecule to generate energy in the form…
Q: Which of the following statements best explains the clinical manifestations of DKA? Question 72…
A: Question is related to medical surgical nursing Solution given below step
Q: Although adults synthesize large amounts of ATP daily, their body weight, structure, and composition…
A: ATP : It is an energy-carrying molecule found in the cells of all living things. It captures…
Q: Individuals with McArdle’s disease often experience a “second wind” resulting from cardiovascular…
A: Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms break down glucose into a form that the cell…
Q: List the four stages of aerobic cellular respiration. In addition, for each stage list the amount…
A: Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms break down glucose into a form that the…
Q: An increase in the level of cellular ATP is likely to occur when?
A: ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) serves as a biological energy source for many intracellular reactions.…
Q: What proportion of the total energy consumption supports brain function in an average resting human?…
A: The primary function of brain involves processing and transmitting information through electrical…
Q: If glycogen is depleted in the liver, which of the following is also occurring? Group of answer…
A: This phenomenon is stated as "hitting the wall". Glycogen depletion may be forestalled in 3 viable…
Q: Explain why one more ATP is produced when glucose is obtained from glycogen rather than used…
A: Glucose is a monosaccharide sugar molecule with six-carbon. It is an important energy source for…
Q: Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: The formation of glucose from glycogen is…
A: Carbohydrates are classified into various types based on the structure. Glucose is a monosaccharide…
Q: What would be the ATP yield per molecule of glucose in the muscle if glycogen were the source of the…
A: When the body runs out of glucose which is the most staple substrate for energy production, stored…
Q: Compare and contrast aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation of glucose
A: Respiration is a process of exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between cells and the bloodstream.…
Q: Cite one possibility of failure for the glycolysis to proceed.
A: Glycolysis is a cytoplasmic mechanism that creates energy by breaking glucose down into two…
Q: Which one of the following organs/tissues has a strict glucose requirement for their energy…
A: Metabolism is a complex process and involves the conversion of calories into energy that is utilised…
Q: What is the gross number of ATP molecule produced from one glucose molecule during aerobic…
A: The correct answer is 38 ATP molecules.
Q: How much ATP will be made if 34 molecules of glucose are run through the entire aerobic cellular…
A: Cellular Respiration: A set of metabolic reactions and processes that takes place in cells of…
Q: The released energy obtained by oxidation of glucose in cell respiration is transient stored as…
A: The net reaction of complete oxidation of glucose is : C6H12O6 + 6 O2 = 6 CO2 + 6 H2O
Q: Which pathways are involved in the anaerobic metabolism and aerobic metabolism of glucose?
A: The pathways involved in the anaerobic metabolism of glucose are
Q: If Eric ran at 80% of his aerobic capacity for 1.5hrs/day, 3 days per week, how many MET-min per…
A: Metabolic equivalent of task(MET) is a ratio of the rate at which an individual spends energy while…
Q: Complete each of the following with 2-3 sentences a) If you bake bread or brew beer, you depend on…
A: Answers : Baking bread is dependent on yeasts. Yeasts (facultative anaerobes) respiration process…
Q: List the four stages of aerobic cellular respiration. In addition, for each stage list the amount…
A: The process by which organisms break down glucose into a form that the cell can use as energy is…
Q: An increase in the ratio of glucagon to insulin, as occurs during a prolonged fast, would do which…
A: The pancreas' alpha and beta cells secrete glucagon and insulin. They are diametrically opposed;…
Q: Would the Cori cycle operate if the body’s muscles were completely oxidizing the glucose supplied?…
A: The Cori cycle is also known as the Lactic acid cycle). It represents the metabolic pathway where…
Q: Why are energy carriers thought of as either “full” or “empty”?
A: as in photosynthesis. We have energy-carrying molecules.
Q: Supposing that an average human consumes energy at the rate of 1500 kcal/ day at rest and that…
A: Glycogen : It is a multi branched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage…
Q: After prolonged exercise the body becomes depleted of glycogen. Which type of diet will lead to a…
A: High fat and high protein diet do not replenish glycogen quickly.
Q: Indicate whether each of the following conditions would increase or decrease the rate of…
A: Non carbohydrate substrates convert into glucose through gluconeogenesis process. When blood…
Q: Which step in glycolysis of glucose need ATP ? Which step in glycolysis of glucose yield ATP?
A: Glycolysis is a catabolic process in which glucose molecule is transformed to pyruvate through a…
Q: How does the cost of storing glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) as glycogen differ from the answer you…
A: The cost of storing Glucose-6 phosphate as because glycogen in terms of ATP remains the same
Q: Which does not occur during glycolysis?
A: Glycolysis is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cellular metabolism.…
Q: Which energy storehouse is utilised in brief anaerobic activity versus ongoing aerobic activity?…
A: Exercising to lose weight, boosts our metabolism, which results in healthy blood circulation,…
Q: give one possibility of failure for the glycolysis to proceed.
A: Metabolism is defined as the entire quantity of biochemical events that occur in an organism's cells…
Q: How many ATP did you use? What type(s) of protein(s) were used? Explain when each type was used.
A: *NOTE: Kindly repost for other questions* Dear Student as per the guidelines we are supposed to…
Q: How many ATP do you get for your efforts in glycolysis, per glucose?_______ How many ATP do you get…
A: ATP is produced in different steps during cellular respiration,
Q: I played field hockey for 1 hour and my Fitbit Watch says that I expended 1,085 Calories. If…
A: Fats are considered the major fuel of the cells. It is because one gram of fat gives rise to 9…
Q: Which one of the following is NOT a metabolic effect of glucagon secretion? Select one: a. Increase…
A: Glucagon is a peptide hormone which is released by alpha islets of langerhans of pancreas into the…
Q: What is the overall number of ATP for every molecule of glucose after undergoing the four stages of…
A: ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate. ATP is the energy currency of the cell. It is produced by…
Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: The net gain of ATP from the complete
Cellular respiration is a biochemical process of oxidation of organic compounds in an orderly manner for the liberation of chemical energy. Respiration is physical and chemical. Physical respiration is the exchange of gases. Respiration is a very important biochemical process in all living organisms. It can be aerobic or anaerobic. Aerobic respiration takes place in the presence of oxygen and anaerobic preparation takes place in the absence of oxygen.
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- Below is a list of steps that occur after an exercising muscle cell begins degrading amino acids for ATP production. For each step, choose (A) if the process occurs in the muscle cell and (B) if the process occurs in the liver. It will be easiest to answer this question if you first put the steps in order, then decide in which organ they occur. ______ Alanine is transaminated with a-ketoglutarate.______ Branched chain amino acids are transaminated with a-ketoglutarate.______ Glutamate is deaminated.______ Glutamate is transaminated with pyruvate.______ Ketoacid skeletons resulting from branch chain amino acids enter the CAC.______ Pyruvate enters gluconeogenesis.______ Urea is formed from the nitrogen removed from the original branched chain amino acid.On the right is a diagram of plasma concentration of three metabolites: glucose, B- hydroxybutyrate, and free fatty acid of an experimental animal over weeks of starvation. 4. (a) Label the lines with the names of the three metabolites. Yellow: Red: 10 20 30 40 Blue: Days of starvation (b) What factor in the plasma binds to and transports free fatty acid (c) Where was B-hydroxybutyrate produced? Why it is produced? What are the purposes of producing it (d) How B-hydroxybutyrate is used as fuel in extrahepatic cells? Write down the reactions, enzymes, and cofactors (No need to elaborate on the TCA cycle). (e) How many ATP molecules or equivalent are generated after complete oxidation of one molecule of B-hydroxybutyrate? Show your calculations. Hint: You need to consider ATP consumption for bypassed steps that may normally yield or consume AT Plasma concentration (mM)Please answer the following question: Answer the following questions about Glygogen Metabolism: (But DON’T Just think about glycogen here!) a. After a carbohydrate-filled breakfast, your blood glucose levels increase. How does glucose affect liver glycogen phosphorylase activity? Briefly explain the direct effect (i.e., not via hormones) glucose has on the enzyme, referring to the structure of the enzyme. b. Imagine you develop a drug that targets glycogen synthase kinase as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes. You need to determine if this drug activates or inhibits glycogen synthase kinase? What effect should the drug have on the phosphorylation state and activity of glycogen synthase? Explain in detail your decision. c. Would protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) have to be active or inactive for this drug to be effective? Explain the rationale for your response; be sure to refer to the function of PP1 in your response.
- Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: The formation of glucose from glycogen is (a) gluconeogenesis, (b) glycogenesis, (c) glycogenolysis, (d) glycolysis.Answer the following questions in 2-3 sentences only (This is all about Energy System Glycolytic System: Anaerobic-Lactic Acid System (LA). A. What is the name of the by-product of anaerobic glycolysis that can lead to muscle fatigue? B. Why does this by-product cause muscle fatigue?According to the information presented in class, the improvement in performance in short-burst activities (e.g., <60 seconds) following a period of explosive power training (e.g, 2 months of high-intensity Wingate cycling bouts performed several times per week) is primarily the result of which of the following? a. Increased muscle mass and strength b. Improvements in glycolytic metabolic activity c. Improvements in CK enzyme activity d. Increased mitochondrial density e. Increased glycogen storage in the liver
- Hemoglobin glycation (so named to distinguish it from glycosylation, which is the enzymatic transfer of glucose to a protein) is a non-enzymatic process that involves reaction of the N-terminal amino group of hemoglobin and glucose. The amount of glycated hemoglobin (GHB) is usually about 5% of total hemoglobin (and corresponds to a blood glucose concentration of 120 mg/100 mL). However, in people with untreated diabetes this value may be as high as 13%, which indicates an average blood level of about 300 mg/100 mL -dangerously high. One of the aims of insulin therapy is to maintain GHB values of about 7%. Draw a possible chemical scheme for the glycation of hemoglobin.Diabetes mellitus is a set of metabolic diseases with the common symptom of an inability to transport glucose into target cells (muscle cells and adipocytes). The body compensates in part by degrading muscle protein to generate energy. Explain how this process works.Can you answer all the parts to following question, true or false: Q23: A: The breakdown of a fatty acid produces more energy than the breakdown of glucose (True or False) B: Acetyl-CoA can be directly converted to pyruvate through the TCA (True or False) C: Glucagon stimulates the liver to store energy by performing glycolysis (True or False) D: The keto diet is dangerous due to the risk of developing ketoacidosis (True or False)
- Choose the best answers for each missing word from the list below. ____ regulated by ATP, Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is (1) which is a (2)________________ regulator, and by CTP which binds to the (3)____ subunit of ATCase and shifts the conformational equilibrium to the (4). T state. CTP regulation of ATCase is called (5)________ 1) allosterically, 2) positive, 3) regulatory, 4) inactive, 5) feedback inhibition 1) covalently 2) positive, 3) regulatory, 4) active, 5) feedback inhibition 1) allosterically, 2) negative, 3) regulatory, 4) inactive, 5) feedforward activation 1) allosterically, 2) negative, 3) catalytic, 4) active, 5) feedforward inhibition 1) irreversibly, 2) positive, 3) catalytic, 4) inactive, 5) feedback inhihitionMuscles may become hypoxic during the early stages of exercise, causing lactate to build up. a) Describe in detail how a lack of oxygen might cause lactate to build up in the muscles. b) Explain how lactate (typically thought of as a waste product) may be converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis.Which of the following describes the changes in metabolic pathways that occur during exercise? Question 12 options: a) Increased glycogenolysis b) Increased degradation of protein c) Decreased lipolysis d) Decreased gluconeogenesis