The human skin houses trillions of bacteria, called the skin flora or skin microbiota. How would you explain our immunity to these bacteria? What immune system/s is functioning here?

Q: by Transcription Factor IID (TF IID)

A:

Q: One factor that influences the diversity and/or composition of the microbiome, for example, age,…

A: Microbes are both beneficial and potentially dangerous and make up the microbiome. The majority are…

Q: A kid let go 4 snails he bought at the pet store in a pond. A year later, the population of snails…

A: Exponential growth means the population grows at a much higher proportion exponentially than the…

Q: ii Between structures (a) and (c), which one would have the following amino acid (pictured below)…

A: Proteins are molecules composed of amino acids joined together by peptide linkages. There are three…

Q: What causes the milk to thicken and form curds in yogurt?

A:

Q: In glycolysis, 1-3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) is catalyzed by the enzyme to form…

A: * Glycolysis is an metabolic pathway consists of sequence of ten reactions which are catalyzed by…

Q: During the fermentation process what happens to the lactose (milk sugar)? What are the end products…

A: Introduction Fermentation is a metabolic process that uses enzymes to cause chemical changes in…

Q: What are the steps involved in a Redox reaction that is catalyzed by a dehydrogenase enzyme?

A: Answer

Q: Which of the following is a known characteristic or procesds that can lead to genetic changes in…

A: A virus is an infectious agent of small size and simple composition that can multiply only in living…

Q: Use the SGF-signaling pathway image as a reference, to answer the following questions. Use the data…

A: ANSWER;-

Q: Please give a description of the circulatory disease that occurs with aging and how changes in the…

A: * Hypertension is an condition in which the long term force of blood against artery walls is high so…

Q: Answer the following questions: 1. Differentiate from fibrocyte. 2. What are dusts cells? fibroblast

A: The most common cell found in fibrous tissue is the fibroblast.. Fibroblasts secrete collagen…

Q: The lac operon consists of three structural genes, lacZ, lacY and lacA that are transcribed as a…

A: Lac operon has *3 structural genes- lacZ, lacY, lacA *promoter, *operator, *terminator, *regulator.

Q: Use Figure Q1(b) of an action potential to answer questions (1) until (iv) below. Choose the correct…

A: Nerve impulse refers to an electrical or chemical signal that is transmitted along  a fibre. The…

Q: Explain the function of 16S rRNA during initiation of translation in prokaryotes.

A: 16S rRNA(16S ribosomal RNA) is a component of prokaryotic ribosome 30S subunit (small subunit). S…

Q: The steps to assessing each parameter listed (for animals): - Respiratory rate - MM (Mucous…

A: The objective of the physical assessment is to determine the overall fitness level based on general…

Q: biologist is attempting to clone the gene encoding a particular enzyme (Enz) into a plasmid vector…

A: Bacteria are used for gene therapy ,gene recombination etc processes. The reason is their plasmids .…

Q: You are asked to identify an unknown slide. Which of the choices could help you identify it as an…

A: The knowledge of cell biology and cell physiology is essential for understanding the organ systems…

Q: You add 5 paramecia to a test tube and feed them bacteria. One week later the population has grown…

A: The exponential growth indicates that there is a constant growth over a certain period in the number…

Q: Plants impact many things that we take for granted. Our lives are in many ways intertwined with…

A: Plants are the eukaryotes that produce their food by a process known as photosynthesis by utilising…

Q: Which statement is false according to the tree below? Hagfishes Lampreys Cartilaginous fishes Ray…

A: The phylogenetic tree for animals is given in the question. The phylogenetic tree depicts the…

Q: Comparison between plants and humans defenses in DEFENSE MECHANISMS s

A: Biological defence mechanism is a form of adaptation that promote the survivability of an organism…

Q: The triangles show the inferred origins of "warm-blood" in billfishes and tunas. Knowing that the…

A: The process of maintaining body temperature according to the temperature of atmosphere the process…

Q: Provide 3 hypotheses about the fluidity and mosaicity of the cell membrane.

A: Introduction The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is found in all cells and serves…

Q: Which one of the four trees below, shows a different pattern of relationship as the three others?…

A: ANSWER;- Tree A is the answer. All the trees have the following representation except tree A:…

Q: Which of the following situations could decrease the average fitness of a population? Snakes in a…

A: Introduction :- Fitness is a measure of an organism's ability to live and reproduce, with an…

Q: Illustrate how the glycosyl-bond of the base results in left-handed DNA.

A: Left handed DNA is also called Z-DNA. The Z-DNA contain glycosidic bond.

Q: 11) The difference between SARS-Cov2 replication and FMDV replication? The antigenomic copy in…

A: Sars coronavirus disease 19 is a disease caused by a virus named SARS-CoV-2 and was discovered in…

Q: What is universal neutral theory of biodiversity?

A: Biodiversity comes from two words :-  Bio means life  Diversity means heterogeneity  Heterogeneity…

Q: When one examines the pattern of inheritance of a deleterious gene and finds that it appears in…

A: Introduction Chromosomes are thread-like structures found within the nucleus of both animal and…

Q: 6- The bacterial growth curve; O would have a shape which is dependent upon factors such as medium,…

A: The bacterial growth curve shows the number of live cells in a bacterial population over any period…

Q: 75) In general DNA viruses are a. smaller than RNA viruses b. their mutation rate is higher than RNA…

A: DNA viruses have certain characteristics that make them different from others. The details are…

Q: Molecular clock techniques are used to calibrate radiometric clocks measure the genetic distance…

A: Molecular molecular clock technique are used to Answer : Estimate when to taxa diverged from a…

Q: 1 mm

A: * Meiosis is one type of cell division which  reduces chromosomal number half of the parent to…

Q: List ALL of the substrate-level phosphorylation steps in cellular respiration and the enzymes that…

A: The cellular respiration involves breakdown of glucose and production of energy in the form of ATP.…

Q: ) The SARS-COV2

A: It is option c.

Q: A mRNA contains a codon with the sequence 5'-UAC-3'. What would be the most likely sequence of the…

A: tRNA read out m-RNA and synthesize polypeptide chain with the help of ribosome.

Q: what conditions do bacteria need to grow ? think about the condition needed for yeast and if these…

A: Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms devoid of nucleus and membrane bound organelles.

Q: How does xenophagy tag bacteria for lysosomal degradation? Mention ubiquitin and galactin-8.

A: Lysosomal degradation in eukaryotic cells is deduced as the destruction of the unwanted proteins or…

Q: d. Mimiviruses

A:

Q: For each - choose either peroxisome or lysosome, both or neither uses hydrolases both lysosome and p…

A: Note: Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want…

Q: 4. In Drosophila, AAAXX is ---while in humans, AAXXXY is------ a. Metamale--female b. Intersex-male…

A: Sex in drosophila is determined by X to A ratio. If the ratio is one then the organism is female if…

Q: List three coating techniques used to make sol-gel coatings, and briefly describe each technique.

A: Sol-gel  Is a method of creating solid materials from tiny molecules.  The process involves the…

Q: Fatty acids can be used for ATP synthesis through a process called beta-oxidation. How many…

A: Beta oxidation is the process of lipid or fatty acid metabolism  through which fatty acids are…

Q: In humans, webbed fingers is dominant (W-); non webbed fingers is recessive, ww. A man with webbed…

A: We have,  Allele representing webbed fingers - W Allele representing non-webbed fingers - w Since…

Q: 3. What is calcification? 4. Give general features of cartilage. at least 3

A: Skeletal system is a type of body system which form scaffolding structure around the body and meant…

Q: Complete the sentence: There are diseases that are due to heredity andsuch as diabetes and high…

A: A genetic problem happens when at least one genes are changed. In this, the genetic change is given…

Q: phagocytic cells recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns using their:  Group of answer…

A: Pattern recognition receptors(PRR) These are class of transmembrane toll like receptors(TLRs) found…

Q: The transportation of carbon dioxide involves a reversible reaction involving the bicarbonate ion.…

A: Bicarbonate ion is involved in the carbon dioxide transportation :-

Q: 69) in the first round of translation in Sheeppoxviruses the products are a. the proteins go back to…

A: * sheep pox also known as variola which is an  highly contagious disease of sheep due to a poxvirus…

Defense Mechanism

Circumstances influence and compel people to behave in a certain way. One such behavior is a defense mechanism. It is employed by people to escape from unpleasant circumstances, thoughts and actions. Defense mechanisms are, thus, psychological strategies that help to avert and avoid unwanted feelings such as guilt or shame and situations such as threat and danger.