The two most prominent wavelengths in the light emitted by a hydrogen discharge lamp are 656 nm and 486 nm. Light from a hydrogen lamp illuminates a diffraction grating with 500 lines/mm, and the light is observed on a screen 1.50 m behind the grating. What is the distance between the first-order red and blue fringes?

The two most prominent wavelengths in the light emitted by a hydrogen discharge lamp are 656 nm and 486 nm. Light from a hydrogen lamp illuminates a diffraction grating with 500 lines/mm, and the light is observed on a screen 1.50 m behind the grating. What is the distance between the first-order red and blue fringes?

Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections

1st Edition

ISBN:9781133939146

Author:Katz, Debora M.

Publisher:Katz, Debora M.

Chapter36: Applications Of The Wave Model

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 27PQ

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(a) Find the angle between the first minima for the two sodium vapor lines, which have wavelengths of 589.1 and 589.6 nm, when they fall upon a single slit of width 2.00 m. (b) What is the distance between these minima if the diffraction pattern falls on a screen 1.00 m from the slit? (c) Discuss the ease or difficulty of measuring such a distance.
A hydrogen gas discharge lamp emits visible light at four wavelengths, =410 , 434, 486, and 656 nm. (a) If light from this lamp falls on a N slits separated by 0.025 mm, how far from the central maximum are the third maxima when viewed on a screen 2.0 m from the slits? (b) By what distance are the second and third maxima separated for l=486 nm?
In Figure P27.7 (not to scale), let L = 1.20 m and d = 0.120 mm and assume the slit system is illuminated with monochromatic 500-nm light. Calculate the phase difference between the two wave fronts arriving at P when (a) = 0.500 and (b) y = 5.00 mm. (c) What is the value of for which the phase difference is 0.333 rad? (d) What is the value of for which the path difference is /4?
Intense white light is incident on a diffraction grating that has 600. lines/mm. (a) What is the highest order in which the complete visible spectrum can be seen with this grating? (b) What is the angular separation between the violet edge (400. nm) and the red edge (700. nm) of the first-order spectrum produced by the grating?
The Very Large Array (VLA) is a set of 27 radio telescope dishes in Catron and Socorro counties, New Mexico (Fig. P37.37). The antennas can be moved apart on railroad tracks, and their combined signals give the resolving power of a synthetic aperture 36.0 km in diameter. (a) If the detectors are tuned to a frequency of 1.40 GHz, what is the angular resolution of the VLA? (b) Clouds of interstellar hydrogen radiate at the frequency used in part (a). What must be the separation distance of two clouds at the center of the galaxy, 26 000 light-years away, if they are to be resolved? (c) What If? As the telescope looks up, a circling hawk looks down. Assume the hawk is most sensitive to green light having a wavelength of 500 nm and has a pupil of diameter 12.0 mm. Find the angular resolution of the hawks eye. (d) A mouse is on the ground 30.0 m below. By what distance must the mouses whiskers be separated if the hawk can resolve them? Figure P37.37
Show that the distribution of intensity in a double-slit pattern is given by Equation 36.9. Begin by assuming that the total magnitude of the electric field at point P on the screen in Figure 36.4 is the superposition of two waves, with electric field magnitudes E1=E0sintE2=E0sin(t+) The phase angle in in E2 is due to the extra path length traveled by the lower beam in Figure 36.4. Recall from Equation 33.27 that the intensity of light is proportional to the square of the amplitude of the electric field. In addition, the apparent intensity of the pattern is the time-averaged intensity of the electromagnetic wave. You will need to evaluate the integral of the square of the sine function over one period. Refer to Figure 32.5 for an easy way to perform this evaluation. You will also need the trigonometric identity sinA+sinB=2sin(A+B2)cos(AB2)
Intense white light is incident on a diffraction grating that has 600. lines/mm. (a) What is the highest order in which the complete visible spectrum can be seen with this grating? (b) What is the angular separation between the violet edge (400. nm) and the red edge (700. nm) of the first-order spectrum produced by the grating?
A plane monochromatic light wave is incident on a double slit as illustrated in Figure 37.1. (i) As the viewing screen is moved away from the double slit, what happens to the separation between the interference fringes on the screen? (a) It increases, (b) It decreases, (c) It remains the same, (d) It may increase or decrease, depending on the wavelength of the light. (e) More information is required, (ii) As the slit separation increases, what happens to the separation between the interference fringes on the screen? Select from the same choices.
Two closely spaced wavelengths of light are incident on a diffraction grating. (a) Starting with Equation 37.7, show that the angular dispersion of the grating is given by dd=mdcos (b) A square grating 2.00 cm on each side containing 8 000 equally spaced slits is used to analyze the spectrum of mercury. Two closely spaced lines emitted by this element have wavelengths of 579.065 nm and 576.959 nm. What is the angular separation of these two wavelengths in the second-order spectrum?
In the double-slit arrangement of Figure P36.13, d = 0.150 mm, L = 140 cm, = 643 nm. and y = 1.80 cm. (a) What is the path difference for the rays from the two slits arriving at P? (b) Express this path difference in terms of . (c) Does P correspond to a maximum, a minimum, or an intermediate condition? Give evidence for your answer. Figure P36.13
Light of wavelength 5.00 102 nm is incident normally on a diffraction grating. If the third-order maximum of the diffraction pattern is observed at 32.0, (a) what is the number of rulings per centimeter for the grating? (b) Determine the total number of primary maxima that can be observed in this situation.