Victoria founded a start-up several years ago, together with her Macedonian friends. At first, she was fairly poor and therefore very afraid of taking risks. Any negative shock could send the company into bankruptcy. Nowadays her business is thriving, stretching across several markets from Europe to Asia. Victoria no longer worries about taking monetary risks. In fact she enjoys a good gamble over horse races from time to time. How would you draw Victoria's utility function in a way that describes her changing taste for risk as her wealth increased? Please draw a graph and comment. Please do fast ASAP fast

Victoria founded a start-up several years ago, together with her Macedonian friends. At first, she was fairly poor and therefore very afraid of taking risks. Any negative shock could send the company into bankruptcy. Nowadays her business is thriving, stretching across several markets from Europe to Asia. Victoria no longer worries about taking monetary risks. In fact she enjoys a good gamble over horse races from time to time. How would you draw Victoria's utility function in a way that describes her changing taste for risk as her wealth increased? Please draw a graph and comment. Please do fast ASAP fast

Economics (MindTap Course List)

13th Edition

ISBN:9781337617383

Author:Roger A. Arnold

Publisher:Roger A. Arnold

Chapter20: Consumer Choice: Maximizing Utility And Behavioral Economics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8QP

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Sean is arguing with his girlfriend, Yvette. They have been going out for a little more than two years. YVETTE: I'm leaving you, Sean. Get over it. SEAN: Are you saying that being single will make you happier than you've been with me? Speaking personally, I think the utility we've had in this relationship was much more than you could have had if you'd been single this whole time! YVETTE: I had taken an economics class and the word "utility" rings a bell. It's not that at all. We've had a fine time. It's that the utility I would get by continuing our relationship isn't worth it anymore. SEAN: I've never been dumped by someone citing the law of before. You're a piece of work, you know that? Yvette doesn't hear. She has already walked off, leaving Sean feeling like something of a sunk cost.
You are trying to decide between rescuing a puppy or an older dog. You decide to try to assign some numbers to your preferences so you can compare options. You estimate that your utility for a dog that will chew your furniture is 0.1 and your utility for a dog that can go on hikes with you is 0.8. You expect that a puppy will have an 70% chance of chewing your belongings and a 90% chance of going on hikes. What is your expected utility for getting the puppy?
You start an insurance company as your first entrepreneurial venture after graduation. Your main product line is malpractice insurance for dentists. After exhaustive research, you learn that settling malpractice claims against careful dentists costs $2,000 and settling malpractice claims against reckless dentists costs $7,500. Individual dentists know whether they are reckless or careful, and your research shows that approximately 20% of dentists are reckless. How much do should you charge for malpractice insurance to break even?
Assume you have your car broken down just before the weekend. You value your weekend trip as much as v and if you have to stay home you get the zero utility. There are two dealerships in your town. At the beginning of the day they simultaneously choose a price for repair. Dealers know that when you come to one of them and observe the price, you can always call to another dealer to make an inquiry about his price. The call is costless. The other dealer, however, can be occupied for this day. Assume, this happens with probability a which is a common knowledge (but the dealers do not know whether the other dealer is occupied or not). Assume zero repair cost for the dealer and find a symmetric equilibrium of the game.
You have been assigned to create a new TV game show, and you have an interesting idea that you call, “I WANT TO BE A MILLIONAIRE.” The basics are: 1) two contestants; 2) the show begins with each contestant being given $1 million (!); and then 3) they begin playing a game that can increase or decrease that $1 million. You worry that the initial outlay of $2 million will stun your producers, so you decide to prepare them with a simpler version of your game that you call: “I WANT $3.” There are four steps in this simpler game: There are two contestants/opponents (who do not know each other and cannot communicate with each other during the game). Each player is given $3 at the start of the game. Independently and simultaneously, each player must choose whether they want to add $0, $1, $2 or $3 to their initial stake of $3. Doing so reduces their opponent’s award by $0, $2, $4, or $6, respectively. Each player knows that their payoff at the end of the game is based on their initial $3,…
The buyer of a piece of real estate is often given the option of buying down the loan. This option gives the buyer a choice of loan terms in which various combinations of interest rates and discount points are offered. The choice of how many points and what rate is optimal is often a matter of how long the buyer intends to keep the property. Darrell Frye is planning to buy an office building at a cost of $988,000. He must pay 10% down and has a choice of financing terms. He can select from a 7% 30-year loan and pay 4 discount points, a 7.25% 30-year loan and pay 3 discount points, or a 7.5% 30-year loan and pay 2 discount points. Darrell expects to hold the building for four years and then sell it. Except for the three rate and discount point combinations, all other costs of purchasing and selling are fixed and identical. 1. If Darrell chooses the 2-point 7.5% loan, what will be his total outlay in points and payment after 48months? (Wells Fargo)
You are considering two options for your next family vacation. You can visit Disney World or Chicago. Your utility from Disney World is 100 if the weather is clear, and 0 if it rains. Chicago is worth a utility of 70 if the weather is clear and a utility of 40 if the weather is rainy. Also assume that the chance of rain at Disney World is going to be 50% and the chance of rain in Chicago is 40%. As a utility maximizer, should you plan to go to Disney World or Chicago? (Explain using relevant equations)
A risk-neutral consumer is deciding whether to purchase a homogeneous product from one of two firms. One firm produces an unreliable product and the other a reliable product. At the time of the sale, the consumer is unable to distinguish between the two firms’ products. From the consumer’s perspective, there is an equal chance that a given firm’s product is reliable or unreliable. The maximum amount this consumer will pay for an unreliable product is $0, while she will pay $100 for a reliable product. a. Given this uncertainty, what is the most this consumer will pay to purchase one unit of this product? b. How much will this consumer be willing to pay for the product if the firm offering the reliable product includes a warranty that will protect the consumer? Explain.
When consumers were given the opportunity to select a package of ground beef labeled “75% lean” or a package of ground beef labeled “25% fat,” most consumers chose “75% lean.” Why? What concept from the chapter does this illustrate? The reason is that consumers are swayed by cheap talk. Cheap talk is the concept. The reason is that consumers are much more likely to choose the alternative framed as the positive option. This is called a framing effect. The reason is that consumers infer the value of a product from positive advertising. This is called inference induction. The reason is that consumers respond better to higher numbers. They feel they are getting more because 75 is greater than 25. The concept is the endowment effect.
Bruce is a student at UW-Madison with an exam coming up in two weeks and he's trying to figure out how much he should study and how much he should party each week. He gets utility directly from partying, but he also gets utility from his test score, which increases as he studies more. Bruce is susceptible to peer pressure, so his utility also depends on how much his friends are partying. His utility function is: U = log(P - PF) + log(P2 - Pf) + log(T) There are 40 total hours in each week, and his test score will be equal to square of the total number of hours studied. So P+ St < 40 Vt e {1,2} T = (Si + S2)? (a) Find the optimal number of hours spent partying and studying in each period as a function of how much Bruce's friends party, Pp. (b) Suppose Bruce knew for certain that his friends party 10 hours per week. How many hours will Bruce party and how many will he study? (c) Explain how this utility function captures peer effects using what you found in part (a). What happens to the…
Donuts are a big thing in Portland, OR. You go into one of the many donut establishments to purchase some number of these tasty (and even vegan or gluten free if required) treats. Let's say that the first donut has higher utility for you, so you are willing to pay up to $2 for it. For the second donut you are willing to pay $1.50, the third $1, a fourth $0.50 and the fifth $0.00. This particular bakery in Portland charges an average of $1 per donut. If you are a rational buyer (which can be hard when faced with so many different delicious donuts) then how many donuts do you purchase, and how much consumer surplus (i.e., money saved compared to what you were willing to spend) do you have? O 4 donuts, $5 O 2 donuts, $5 O 3 donuts, $1.50 O 1 donut, $0.50
Consider two individuals, Dani and Tom. Dani's utility function is given by U(c)=In(c), where c is the amount of consumption in a given period. Tom's utility is U(c)=c^2 a) In two separate graphs, draw Dani and Tom's utility function (U in y-axis, c in x-axis). b) Both Dani and Tom can purchase a lottery that pays 5 with 75% probability, and 15 with 25% probability. Calculate and mark on the graphs the utility evaluated at the expected level of consumption for the lottery. Then calculate and mark on the graphs the expected utility for Dani and Tom. c) How do utilities at the expected level of consumption compare to the expected utility? What explains the difference between Dani and Tom? What implication does this difference have for their risk preferences?