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- If 9% of an African population is born with a severe form of sickle-cell anemia (ss), what percentage of the population will be more resistant to malaria because they are heterozygous (Ss) for the sickle-cell gene?Do you think the allele for sickle cell anemia would be common in regions where malaria did not exist? Explain why or why not.What impact might a vaccine against malaria have on the frequency of the Sickle Cell allele in Africa in the long run?
- Explain the High frequency of the sickle-cell allele HbβS in regions of Africa where malaria is prevalent?Why do scientists believe that the sickle-cell trait has not evolved out of the human population yet considering how deadly it is to be homozygous for the sickle cell gene?In recent years, the country of Zambia in Africa has had increasing cases of malaria. If 9% of the population is born with a severe form of sickle-cell anemia (ss), what percentage of the population will be more resistant to malaria because they are heterozygous (Ss) for the sickle-cell gene, under the Hardy-Weinberg assumption?
- If, within specific regional populations over two thousand years ago, sickle-cell anemia killed those individuals born with it before they could reproduce to pass it on to offspring, how did it persist in these populations? Group of answer choices A-Because of late-onset of the disease. B-Because it is cause by a virus and it spreads faster than people died. C-Because of the basic principles of mendelian inheritance that result in some heterozygote "carrier" combinations. D-Because malaria made it possible to survive sickle cell anemia since the parasite would carry oxygen on the blood cells with the mutated hemoglobin. E-It does not persist. Natural selection removes the allele because people die from both malaria and sickle-cell anemia.Describe how an individual’s genotype influences their chance of contracting malaria: which individual is more likely to get malaria- an individual with two HbA alleles or an individual with one HbA allele and one HbS allele? Why? Why do people with one HbS allele tend not to get malaria?Steven Frank and Laurence Hurst argued that a cytoplasmically inherited mutation in humans that has severe effects in males but no effect in females will not be eliminated from a population by natural selection because only females pass on mtDNA. Using this argument, explain why males with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy are more severely affected than females.
- In parts of equatorial Africa, where the malaria parasite is most common, the sickle-cell allele constitutes 20% of the ß-hemoglobin alleles in the human gene pool. The sickle cell trait provides an advantage against malaria compared to people with normal hemoglobin. In the United States, the parasite that causes malaria is not present, but African Americans whose ancestors were from equatorial Africa have the sickle-cell B- hemoglobin allele. These differences in traits illustrate O inclusive fitness because people have evolved molecular differences to adapt to environmental stimuli O inclusive fitness because ß-hemoglobin increases the proliferation of beneficial traits in the population O relative fitness because people have evolved molecular differences to an environmental pathogen O relative fitness because the molecular differences in ß-hemoglobin are passed to the next generationExplain how having a heterozygous genotype for sickle-cell in Malaria stricken areas of Africa is a benefit. v 3 (12pt) Arial TTTT Paragraph v T T, OM HTHL CSS O S Mashups- Path: p ост 28 MacBook Air 80 esc F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 @ #3 $4 & 1 2 3 4 6. 7 8. Q W R Y U A S F J lock C V N control option command エ D N ピWritten Response 1a) Identify the genotypes of individuals ii-1, ii-4, iii-4, and IV-1. b) If individual III-9 and individual III-10 have another child, what is the probability that this child will have normal colour vision? Sketch a punnett square to support your answer (be creative -- you can type this up on the computer) c) Determine the frequency of the achromatopsia allele in the population illustrated in the pedigree. Round your answer to three decimal places. Show your work.