What is one way that CD8+- cells are activated? A. by binding to a processed antigen on an MCH II protein located on a dendritic cell B. By interacting with a free floating antigen C. By binding to an antibody and secreting cytokines D. Th cells can produce cytokines to help activate CD8+- cells E. By phagocytosis of a bacteria
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What is one way that CD8+- cells are activated?
A. by binding to a processed antigen on an MCH II protein located on a dendritic cell
B. By interacting with a free floating antigen
C. By binding to an antibody and secreting cytokines
D. Th cells can produce cytokines to help activate CD8+- cells
E. By phagocytosis of a bacteria
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- DRAW IT Sketch a B cell antigen receptor. Label the Vand C regions of the light and heavy chains. Label theantigen-binding sites, disulfide bridges, and transmembrane region. Where are these features located relativeto the V and C regions?Which of the following is NOT a involved in the CD8-T-cell killing of viral-infected cells? Select one: a. Recognition of the MHC Class I and viral-derived peptide on the surface of the target cell Ob. Reorientation of the intracellular cytoskeleton to move the cytotoxic granules toward the SMAC c. Release of perforin and granzymes onto the infected target cell Od. Induction of apoptosis in the target cell by cleaving the nuclear DNA. e. Costimulation of CD8-T-cells with CD28/B7Which two events are required to activate a cytotoxic T cell? There is more than one answer. O Class II MHC molecules present extracellular antigen for binding on a complementary cytotoxic T cell receptor. O IL-4 is released by a TH1 cell to be bound by a cytotoxic T cell. O Class I MHC molecules presents intracellular antigen for binding on a complementary cytotoxic T cell receptor O IL-2 is released by a TH1 cell to be bound by a cytotoxic T cell.
- The following events occur in humoral immunity, leading to an activated B cell in a T dependent manner. Of the steps listed below, which would be step number 5 in the process. Hint: only include these steps in the numbering...order the steps and select which one is #5 A. secretion of cytokines by Th B. Receptor mediated endocytosis C. B cell receptors recognize and bind to an antigen D. Recognition by Th E. Digestion and processing of the antigen by the B cell F. Display of the antigen along with MHC proteinsHow may B cells be activated? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Crosslinking of BCRS and binding of B-cell co-receptor to C3d. b. Recognition of MHC II and epitope on B-cell with TCR of TFH cell. c. Binding of CR2 to iC3b. d. Binding of B-cell to antigen displayed on FDC.Match the type or cause of clonal expansion with the correct situation. Use each choice just one time and make the best match. Clonal expansion of B cells because the cells are infected with EBV Clonal expansion of B-cells because these B-cells have B Cell Receptors that recognize a non-self antigen Clonal expansion of T-cells that have a T Cell Receptor that recognizes EBV antigens A. normal adaptive response by the B cells B. part of pathogenesis of mono C. This allows the adaptive immune system to shut down active EBV infection
- Concerning structure and function of antibodies, which of the following statements is INCORRECT: a. Each antibody can recognise thousands of antigens b. Antibodies can activate complement cascade c. An antibody usually has a complement binding site, a macrophage binding site, and anantigen binding site d. Antibodies can act as opsonins e. Antibodies can neutralise toxins Which of the following is NOT a component of the innate immune defence: a. Mucous membranes trapping foreign invaders b. Complement proteins stimulating phagocytosis c. Phagocytes killing invaders d. Low pH in stomach preventing bacterial growth e. Vaccines preventing infection by inducing memoryThe following are steps in the cell-mediated inflammatory response. Put them in the correct order. 1. Activated macrophage cells release cytokines. 2. Antigen is engulfed and presented by a macrophage cell w/MHC II complex. 3. The TH1 cell's CD4 protein binds to the MHC II complex. 4. Phagocytosis and inflammation occur. 5. Th1 secrete TNF-alpha and other cytokines which activates the macrophage. A. 3, 4, 1, 2,5 В. 2, 3, 4, 5, 1 C. 3,5, 4, 1, 2 D. 2,3,5, 1, 4Dendritic cells take up, process or present antigen by all of the following routes except Select one: a. receptor-mediated endocytosis of bacteria. b. macropinocytosis of bacteria or viruses. c. uptake of viruses using Toll-like receptor TLR9. d. cross-presentation from the MHC class II pathway to the MHC class I pathway. Oe. cross-presentation from incoming infected dendritic cells to healthy resident dendritic cells in secondary lymphoid tissue. Of. delivery of viral peptides from cytosol to endoplasmic reticulum during viral infection.
- Which of the following is not a function of antibodies? Select one: a. They neutralize pathogens by masking the pathogen surface. b. They act as molecular adaptors that bridge together pathogen and phagocyte surfaces. c. They exert toxic effects directly. d. They act as opsonins that mediate phagocytosis. e. They activate complement fixation.During allergic sensitization, which of the following statements are FALSE? A. Allergen exposure coincides with unrelated damage B. Dendritic cells induce IL-6 production by TH2 CD4+ T cells during TH2 cell differentiation C. Damage induces the production of alarmins like IL-25 D. TFH cells bind to B cells via CD40L to CD40 and produce IL-4Match the term with its correct description Long, flexible molecule expressed on B-cells, macrophages and FDC which binds to C3d B-cell co-receptor Cognate pair Rapidly dividing cell which is going through somatic hypermutation Slowly dividing cell which searches for antigen match on FDC ✓Choose... CR2 Centrocyte CR2, CD19, CD81 TFH cell and B-cell which recognize same antigen Centroblast Choose... Choose... S