When Charles Darwin discovered the various finch species on the Galápagos islands, he was surprised to find so many different but related species in such a small geographic area. What best illustrates the correlation between competitive advantage and an individual’s traits in a particular environment

When Charles Darwin discovered the various finch species on the Galápagos islands, he was surprised to find so many different but related species in such a small geographic area. What best illustrates the correlation between competitive advantage and an individual’s traits in a particular environment

Essentials Of Human Development

1st Edition

ISBN:9781285647357

Author:Kail

Publisher:Kail

Chapter11: Being With Others: Forming Relationships In Young And Middle Adulthood

Section11.1: Relationships

Problem 7TY

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When Charles Darwin discovered the various finch species on the Galápagos islands, he was surprised to find so many different but related species in such a small geographic area. Which of the following best illustrates the correlation between competitive advantage and an individual’s traits in a particular environment? Different islands had very different food resources available, and only individuals that were adapted to eat those food resources survived and reproduced on that island. Finches had no natural predators on the island before Darwin’s voyage, allowing them to prosper on the islands. Competition between different species for food resources led to resource partitioning of the ecosystem. Mating behaviors in finch species ensure that different species of finch will not interbreed with one another.
When Charles Darwin discovered the various finch species on the Galápagos islands, he was surprised to find so many different but related species in such a small geographic area. Which of the following best illustrates the correlation between competitive advantage and an individual’s traits in a particular environment?
Earlier explanations of altruistic behavior as a form of group selec-tion have been supplanted by Hamilton’s hypothesis of kin selection. What distinguishes kin selection and how does it accord with the no-tion of inclusive fitness, the relative number of an individual’s alleles that pass to the next generation?
There are three chief ideas of the handicap principle: 1) Animals communicate with éach other throughn sigi must be honest, and 3) honest signals are expensive. Stotting behavior (up and down jumps gazelles exhibit when they spot a predator before the gazelle runs away) often results in the predator leaving before it attacks, presumably because the predator knows it won't easily catch that gazelle. This clearly is an example of the handicap principle based on the three ideas. True False
You are working on an undergraduate project, studying an insect species. A recent study showed that the pigmentation pattern used for camouflage is made by an enzyme K. However, it has been shown that, when compared to the Kk individuals, the KK homozygotes would have a higher chance of dying from pigment overdose before growing up, while the kk individuals can easily fall to predation before becoming adults. In fact, when compared to the Kk individuals, the estimated selection coefficients for KK and kk are 0.25 and 0.5, respectively. You are interested in what would happen to these alleles. At present, you have conducted a population survey and have 1000 larvae in your collection. Among them, 360 are KK, 480 Kkand 160 kk. 1)How many larvae would survive to adulthood a) 170 b) 414 c)583 d)750 e)830 2)Following up the previous question, what would be the KK genotype frequency at the adult? a) 0.090 b) 0.270 c) 0.325 d) 0.360 e) 0.529 3)Following up on the previous question,…
Now consider the illustration above that shows data on how often white fronted bee eater birds will feed the offspring of other birds as a function of the relatedness to those birds. 100 80 Merops bullockoides Unrelated Cousin (0%) (-12%) Half sib (25%) Full sib (50%) Relationship to nestlings Do these data support the conclusion that altruistic behavior, specifically kin selection, is occurring here? Specifically do the data satisfy Hamilton's rule for altruistic behavior and what specifically in the data would represent the terms C and r in Hamilton's equation? Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 12pt v Paragraph V BI V T² V Underline Percentage of individuals that help 60 40- 20 0
A) Explain what is meant by group selection. (B) How is kin selection different from group selection? (C) Give me an example of a type of social behavior that is attributed to kin selection. (D) How does kin selection lead to the successful evolution of this social behavior? (E) Is eusocial behavior dependent on kin selection and if so why?
Behavior influences how organisms experience the environment and thus patterns of natural selection on behavioral traits. Which of the following examples is consistent with this statement? Some lizards in complex tropical forests prefer to hang out on tree trunks and branches, rather than the ground substrate, which has resulted in selection for shorter relative limb length and toe pads that can cling to bark. Ground-burrowing mammals experience greater exposure to dust and increased selection on their respiratory system to filter these particulates. Specialist parasitoids only target a handful of different host/prey types, resulting in a predictable resource and less selection on the ability to learn new resources All of the above Imagine that scientists have just discovered a weird new marine tunicate at extreme depths of the ocean. They have a novel kind of neurotransmitter – maritonin – that binds to the “maritonin” receptor, which is permeable to negatively charged iodine ions…
Which of the following best explains the connection between increased competition and the evolution of a species by natural selection? Individuals migrate to another area in order to avoid competition for limited resources in the current ecosystem. Individuals that have traits that allow them to outcompete others survive better and produce more offspring. Individuals must become stronger to compete for resources, and this increased strength is passed on to the next generation. Individuals that must compete for limited resources are more likely to have diseases that cause mutations.
The conscious selection of a mate is called: Question 5 options: Monogamy Polygamy Nonrandom Mating Random Mating Question 6 (1 point) How does sonar affect some species' ability to hunt? Question 6 options: Sonar incorporates neither light nor sound. Sonar relies on light, rather than sound. Sonar relies on sound, rather than light. Sonar incorporates both light and sound. Question 7 (1 point) Which of the following species undergoes random mating? Question 7 options: Lions Marine Sponges Humans Tigers Question 8 (1 point) Which of the following associative behavior specifically refers to a relationship in…
Assume you are studying a species of slug where the eggs are fertilized and transferred to the male. As a result the male is not able to increase reproductive success by mating with multiple partners. Therefore which of the following about sexual selection in this species is not true? Females are more likely to develop traits that signal genetic quality to males. Females will be able to increase reproductive success with increased mating partners. Sexual selection in males will lead them to be choosy with what females they mate with. Sexual selection in males will lead them to mate indiscriminately when they find a female.
Which research question does not refer to proximate causes of behavior? a.) How do rhesus macaques find their food? b.) how do pigeons that are experimentally displaced find their way back to their home loft? c.) How does dispersal affect the survival of Belding's ground squirrels? d.) Do mother goats learn the odor of their offspring? e.) How do hummingbirds “know” when it is time to return to their overwintering grounds?