When the composition of the community of rumen microbesin a ruminant changes, there are several possible causes. Whatare some of them? Could you do experiments to decide what theactual causes are? Explain.
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When the composition of the community of rumen microbes
in a ruminant changes, there are several possible causes. What
are some of them? Could you do experiments to decide what the
actual causes are? Explain.
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- Every year, supposedly safe municipal water supplies causeoutbreaks of enteric illness.a. How in the course of water analysis and treatment might thesepathogens be missed?b. Why is there less tolerance for a fecal coliform in drinking orrecreational water than for other bacteria?In 2005, J. Robin Warren and Barry J. Marshall shared theNobel Prize in Medicine for discovering the bacteriumHelicobacter pylori and for establishing experimental proofthat it plays a major role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.The story began when Warren, a pathologist, noticed thatbacilli were associated with the tissues taken from patientssuffering from ulcers. Look up the history of this case and describeWarren’s first hypothesis. What sorts of evidence did ittake to create a credible theory based on it?Clostridium difficile infection is the leading causeof hospital-associated gastrointestinal illness. It is typicallytreated with a course of antibiotics, but the infection recursin about 20% of cases. C. difficile infections are difficult toeradicate because the bacteria exist in two forms: a repli-cating, toxin-producing form and a spore form that is resis-tant to antibiotics. Fecal microbiota transplantation—thetransfer of normal gut microbiota from a healthy individ-ual—can resolve >90% of recurrent infections, a much bet-ter cure rate than further antibiotic treatment alone. Whydo you suppose microbiota transplantation is so effective?
- The Listeria outbreak during 2017 and 2018 in SA was attributed to the consumption of deli products such as polony and viennas. In your view, what are possible factors attributed to the outbreak?Prepare a concept map on the large and diverse family of Enterobacteriaceae. The following are some of the concepts you may connect with a proposition: — general and unique characteristics; — clinical manifestations; — mode of transmission; — virulence factors; — biochemical test results (e.g. oxidase positive)As you can see on the blood agar plates, some microbes can lyse red blood cells releasing nutrients into the surrounding area. What might the advantage be for a bacteria to be able to do this? Do you think this could have an effect on the bacteria’s virulence? Explain.
- A boy with advanced Duchenne muscular dystrophy developedpulmonary edema (accumulation of fluid in the lungs) and pneumoniacaused by a bacterial infection. His physician diagnosed the conditionin the following way: The pulmonary edema was the result of heartfailure, and the increased fluid in the lungs provided a site wherebacteria could invade and grow. The fact that the boy could notbreathe deeply or cough effectively made the condition worse. Howwould the muscle tissues in a boy with advanced DMD differ from themuscle tissues in a boy with less advanced DMD?Which of the following bacteria can cause intestinal infection in human? ETEC EHEC EAEC All of the above None of the above What will happen if we add a drop of 3% hydrogen peroxide on Staphylococcus aureus culture? Bubbles will be produced. Bacterialclumpingwillform. Therewillbeacolorchangeinthebacterialculture. Afibrinclotwillbeformed. No observable change.What if human intestine nourished microbial flora correctly equivalent to the one found in the rumen of cattle?
- Botulism is commonly associated with ingestion of specific typesof food prepared in a particular manner. What is it about both thefood and preparation that encourages infection?Consider a gram-negative pathogen isolated from marine mammals. This pathogen is subjected to a series of tests and found to have the following characteristics: oxidase-positive, does not hydrolyze urea, produces indole, does not produce acetoin. Which of the following could it be? O Pasteurella mulocida O Klebsiella pneumoniae O Yersinia enterocolitical O Mannheimia haemolyticaWhich of the following is not a characteristic of the Enterobacteriaceae? Group of answer choices Gram-positive rods Gram-negative rods Oxidase negative Catalase positive Produce acid from glucose None of the enteric bacteria are human pathogens. Group of answer choices True False Media that inhibit the growth of some organisms while encouraging others' growth are referred to as _______ media. Group of answer choices selective differential complex defined Media that contain indicators to expose differences between organisms are referred to as ______ media. Group of answer choices selective differential complex defined Which of the following is TRUE of EMB agar? Choose ALL that apply. Group of answer choices It contains lactose It is selective for Gram-positive microorganisms. It can differentiate between lactose fermenters from nonfermenters. It inhibits the growth of Gram-negative bacteria. It contains mannitol…
