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Which attractions are stronger: intermolecular or intramolecular?

Which attractions are stronger: intermolecular or intramolecular?

Chemistry
Chemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781133611097
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl
Chapter10: Liquids And Solids
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: What are intermolecular forces? How do they differ from intramolecular forces? What are...
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Testing concepts 1. Which attractions are stronger: intermolecular or intramolecular? 2. How many times stronger is a covalent bond compared to a dipole-dipole attraction? 3. What evidence is there that nonpolar molecules attract each other? 4. Which chemical in table 10.1 has the weakest intermolecular forces? Which has the strongest? How can you tell? 5. Suggest some ways that the dipoles in London forces are different from the dipoles in dipole-dipole attractions. 6. A) Which would have a lower boiling point: 0, or F,? Explain. B) Which would have a lower boiling point: NO or 0,? Explain. 7. Which would you expect to have the higher melting point (or boiling point): C,H,8 or C,H,? Explain. 8. What two factors causes hydrogen bonds to be so much stronger than typical dipole-dipole bonds? 9. So far we have discussed 4 kinds of intermolecular forces: ionic, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding, and London forces. What kind(s) of intermolecular forces are present in the following substances: a) NH,, b) SF. c) PCI,, d) LICI, e) HBr, f) CO, (hint: čonsider AEN and molecular shape/polarity) Challenge: Ethanol (CH,CH,OH) and dimethyl ether (CH,OCH,) have the same formula (C,H,O). Ethanol boils at 78 °C, whereas dimethyl ether boils at -24 °C. Explain why the boiling point of the ether is so much lower than the boiling point of ethanol. Challenge: try answering the question on the next slide. 6'
Transcribed Image Text:Testing concepts 1. Which attractions are stronger: intermolecular or intramolecular? 2. How many times stronger is a covalent bond compared to a dipole-dipole attraction? 3. What evidence is there that nonpolar molecules attract each other? 4. Which chemical in table 10.1 has the weakest intermolecular forces? Which has the strongest? How can you tell? 5. Suggest some ways that the dipoles in London forces are different from the dipoles in dipole-dipole attractions. 6. A) Which would have a lower boiling point: 0, or F,? Explain. B) Which would have a lower boiling point: NO or 0,? Explain. 7. Which would you expect to have the higher melting point (or boiling point): C,H,8 or C,H,? Explain. 8. What two factors causes hydrogen bonds to be so much stronger than typical dipole-dipole bonds? 9. So far we have discussed 4 kinds of intermolecular forces: ionic, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding, and London forces. What kind(s) of intermolecular forces are present in the following substances: a) NH,, b) SF. c) PCI,, d) LICI, e) HBr, f) CO, (hint: čonsider AEN and molecular shape/polarity) Challenge: Ethanol (CH,CH,OH) and dimethyl ether (CH,OCH,) have the same formula (C,H,O). Ethanol boils at 78 °C, whereas dimethyl ether boils at -24 °C. Explain why the boiling point of the ether is so much lower than the boiling point of ethanol. Challenge: try answering the question on the next slide. 6'
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