Which of the following is the correct summary of the anaerobic breakdown of glucose in the skeletal muscle? Glucose + ADP + Pi ⟶ lactate + ATP Glucose + 2ADP + 2Pi ⟶ 2 lactate + 2ATP Glucose + 2ADP + 2Pi + 2NAD+ ⟶ 2 pyruvate + 2ATP + 2NADH + 2H+ Glucose + ADP + Pi ⟶ pyruvate + ATP Glucose + 2ADP + 2Pi ⟶ 2 pyruvate + 2ATP

Which of the following is the correct summary of the anaerobic breakdown of glucose in the skeletal muscle? Glucose + ADP + Pi ⟶ lactate + ATP Glucose + 2ADP + 2Pi ⟶ 2 lactate + 2ATP Glucose + 2ADP + 2Pi + 2NAD+ ⟶ 2 pyruvate + 2ATP + 2NADH + 2H+ Glucose + ADP + Pi ⟶ pyruvate + ATP Glucose + 2ADP + 2Pi ⟶ 2 pyruvate + 2ATP

Lifetime Physical Fitness & Wellness

15th Edition

ISBN:9781337677509

Author:HOEGER

Publisher:HOEGER

Chapter7: Muscular Fitness

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9AYK

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All the enzymes listed below catalyze a reaction in the skeletal muscle. For an Olympic sprinter, which ones would be considered relevant during the running of a 100m sprint (select all that apply)? O glycogen phosphorylase O pyruvate kinase glycogen synthase O lactate dehydrogenase O adenylate kinase O pyruvate dehydrogenase O creatine kinase
What is the rationale for the inhibition of muscle glycogen phosphorylase by glucose 6- phosphate when glucose 1- phosphate is the product of the phosphorylase reaction?
What type of regulation would be expected when anaerobic metabolism is occurring in the muscle? Select all that apply. O Activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase O Increased levels of calcium to activate pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase O Phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase O Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex O Increased levels of NADH to activate citrate synthase O Increased levels of NADH to inhibit alpha-ketogluterate dehydrogenase complex O Increased levels of acetyl CoA to activate pyruvate carboxylase for gluconeogenesis
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Muscles may become hypoxic during the early stages of exercise, causing lactate to build up. a) Describe in detail how a lack of oxygen might cause lactate to build up in the muscles. b) Explain how lactate (typically thought of as a waste product) may be converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis.
Which enzyme deficiency is most likely to cause glycogen to be full of short, stubby branches compared to normally structure glycogen in the affected organ? Explain. Muscle branching enzyme Liver debranching enzyme Muscle phosphorylase Liver glycogen synthase Glycogenin
The name of the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP to CAMP is: CAMP synthase Adenylyl cyclase Phosphodiesterase Pyrophosphate OO 00
which of the following is not true for a muscle that is forced to metabolize glucose anaerobically ? - The cells breakdown glucose faster - The cells produce less ATP per mole of glucose - The cells metabolize glucose to lactate - The activity of the cytosolic gycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase will be required for the muscle to sustain glycolysis - The muscle quickly experiences fatigue if it is deficient in the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase
During the initial phase of exercise, muscles can become hypoxic which leads to the buildup of lactate. a) Fully explain how oxygen shortage can lead to the accumulation of lactate in the muscles. b) Describe how lactate (often seen as a waste product) can produce glucose via gluconeogenesis.
Km of muscle hexokinase is _________ than that of liver glucokinase enzyme. As a result, the velocity of the reactions catalyzed by hexokinase is _________ as compared to glucokinase at a physiological concentration of 5mM glucose. Lower; Low Higher; low Lower, High Higher; High
Select the correct answer: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) plays an essential role in an exercising muscle, especially when the level of excursion surpasses the ability of circulatory systems ability to supply adequate oxygen. What is the main reason LDH is so important to the muscle under these conditions? A)It removes excess lactic acid from the muscle to create pyruvate. B)It produces NADH for energy while converting pyruvate into lactate. C)It resupplies NAD+ to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. D)It decreases pH thus decreasing the dissociation rate of oxygen from hemoglobin. E)It produces one mole of ATP via substrate level phosphorylation.
Assuming that all the glucose entering a muscle fiber is oxidized, as what molecule will the glucose carbon leave the body? Of glucose’s six carbons, two oxidized carbon byproducts will be produced by one enzyme, and four will be produced by a metabolic pathway. At which enzyme and pathway are these carbon-based bi-products produced?