Which of the following statement is NOT true about genetic drift? Genetic drift affects genetic diversity of a population Both bottleneck and founder effect reduce genetic diversity in a population. The effect of genetic drift on genetic diversity is relatively small, when the size of the population is large. O Low-frequency alleles are more likely to be fixed in a population by genetic drift than high-frequency alleles. Genetic drift is a random evolutionary process

Which of the following statement is NOT true about genetic drift? Genetic drift affects genetic diversity of a population Both bottleneck and founder effect reduce genetic diversity in a population. The effect of genetic drift on genetic diversity is relatively small, when the size of the population is large. O Low-frequency alleles are more likely to be fixed in a population by genetic drift than high-frequency alleles. Genetic drift is a random evolutionary process

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter19: Evolutionary Change In Populations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4TYU: If a populations allele and genotype frequencies remain constant from generation to generation, (a)...

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Three basic predictions underlie genetic drift in populations: (1) As long as the population size is finite,some level of genetic drift will occur; thus, withoutnew mutations, all variation will drift either to fixationor to loss. (2) Drift happens faster in small populationsthan in large populations. (3) The probability that anallele is fixed (goes to a frequency of 1.0) is equal toits initial frequency (p) in the population, while itsprobability of loss from the population due to drift isequal to 1 − p. Given these three predictions:a. What is the allele frequency of a new autosomalmutation immediately after it occurs in a diploidpopulation of size N = 100,000?b. What is the allele frequency of a new autosomalmutation immediately after it occurs in a diploidpopulation of size N = 10?c. In which population does the new mutation have ahigher probability of going to fixation by chancewith genetic drift?
The original source of new alleles, upon which selection operates,is mutation, a random event that occurs without regard to selectionalvalue in the organism. Although many model organismshave been used to study mutational events in populations, someinvestigators have developed abiotic molecular models. Soll et al.(2006. Genetics 175:267–275) examined one such model to studythe relationship between both deleterious and advantageousmutations and population size in a ligase molecule composed ofRNA (a ribozyme). Soll found that the smaller the population ofmolecules, the more likely it was that not only deleterious mutationsbut also advantageous mutations would disappear. Whywould population size influence the survival of both types ofmutations (deleterious and advantageous) in populations?
Small population size causes genetic drift because ofchance sampling of different alleles from one generation to the next. We can predict how much geneticdrift occurs for a given population size using binomialsampling statistics. With a population of size N, wecan estimate that 95% of the time the allele frequency(p) in the next generation will be withinthe confidence interval of p ± 1.96 (√p(1 − p)2N ),where p(1 − p)2Nis an estimate of the statistical variancein allele frequencies from one generation to the nextwith random sampling of 2N alleles each generation. a. What is the confidence interval for p = 0.5 whenN = 100,000?b. What is the confidence interval for p = 0.5 whenN = 10?c. How are the results in parts (a) and (b) related tothe consequences of a population bottleneck?
If allele frequencies are changing over generational time, what can we say about this population? (Check all that apply) O The population is finite OThe population is evolving The population is experiencing mutation O The population is under Natural Selection
Which of the following is NOT required in order for natural selection to occur in a population? O All of these are required for natural selection to occur O There is variation in phenotypes of individuals in the population O Individuals with some phenotypes produce more offspring than individuals with other phenotypes O Individuals in the population compete with one another for mates O Offspring inherit traits from their parents
Imagine a population of bacteria growing in a carefully controlled and isolated petri dish in a laboratory. The bacteria are all genetically identical to each other. How can the trait frequencies change over time in this population? All are correct O genetic drift O gene flow mutation O natural selection
Imagine a population of pea plants growing in Petaluma. 100% of the gene pool is P alleles, for purple flowers. How can white alleles (p) enter this population? Select all the correct answers. O mutation gene flow O genetic drift O natural selection
If a populations allele and genotype frequencies remain constant from generation to generation, (a) the population is undergoing evolutionary change (b) the population is said to be at genetic equilibrium (c) microevolution has taken place (d) directional selection is occurring, but only for a few generations (e) genetic drift is a significant evolutionary force
In a population of lizards, color is genetically determined. The current population has two two phenotypes: blue and yellow. Which of the following scenarios could result in evolution by migration? O A disease indiscriminately reduces the population by 90%. Birds are better able to see and therefor prey on blue lizards The population is joined by individuals from a nearby population that has an allele for a red phenotype. Females preferentially mate with individuals exhibiting the blue phenotype.
An earthquake decimates a ground-squirrel population, killing 98% of the squirrels. The surviving population happens to have broader stripes, on average, than the initial population. If broadness of stripes is genetically determined, what effect has the ground-squirrel population experienced during the earthquake? genetic drift by a founder event O directional selection O gene flow O genetic drift by bottleneck effect O disruptive selection
Amount of NH3 nces ne In a population of pansies, the red allele (CR) is incompletely dominant to the white allele (Cw). If the frequency of the red allele is 80%, what is the frequency of pink flowers in the population?* ds 1 and 2 20% Highschool MP3, 0.20 0.80 0.32 Fri O 0.16 When Charles Darwin visited the Galapagos Islands, he observed the marine OOO
Which of the following is an absolute necessity for Natural Selection to work on a population? Check all that apply O Variation in the alleles and the trait-forms they produce O Sexual selection for a certain trait-form O Differential survival and reproduction of varied trait-forms Heritability of phenotypes (trait-forms)