Which one of the following is NOT true about ECM? O ECM is composed of an interlocking mesh of fibrous proteins and glycosaminoglycans. O ECM supports cell-to-cell communication and stem cell differentiation. O Proteoglycan complex has a unique bottle brush-like structure. It is positively (+) charged. It is composed glycosaminoglycans and carbohydrates that are attached to the proteins. O ECM is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells.
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- The Table below shows the names of proteins whose functions are regulated through the binding of their ligands. Complete this Table by filling in the correct ligands for each of the proteins, the corresponding K, value, the affinity of this protein for its ligand and the source where the protein is found. Example Protein Avidin 1 Insulin receptor 2 Anti-HIV immunoglobulin 3 Nickel binding protein 4 Myoglobin 5 Myosin 6 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 7 Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) 8 Guanylyl cyclase Ligand Biotin Kd (M) 1 x 10-15 Affinity high Source/Organism Egg whiteThe biomolecular interaction between protein receptors and ligands is similar to that of en- zymes and substrates, which depends in part on the shape of the protein. The shape of a protein, in turn, depends on the presence of appropriate chemical bonds in the protein. Many common medications function by altering the interactions between protein receptors and ligands, thereby interfering with the normal response of a cell to specific signals. Which of the following best describes a mechanism by which a drug might interfere with a normal cellular response? A B A medication causes the cell to become more permeable and unable to maintain the conditions that allow a normal response. с A medication interrupts the electron transport chain in a cell and makes it unable to syn- thesize sufficient ATP. D A medication enters the nucleus of a cell and alters the nucleic sequence for a specific receptor protein. A medication enters a target cell and acts as an inhibitor to an intercellular protein…What is a dynamic, complexmeshwork of proteins and polysaccharides that contributesto the structure and function of a tissue (see Table 20-2). The major classes of ECM molecules are proteoglycans, colla-gens, and multi-adhesive matrix proteins, such as fibronectin and laminin.
- When a globular cytoplasmic protein folds into its proper tertiary structure, which of the following correctly states the class of amino acids that will be in the interior and the reason why this class will be in the interior? Polar amino acids will be in the interior because they line the binding pocket for a hydrophilic ligand Nonpolar amino acids will be in the interior because they line the binding pocket for a hydrophilic ligand Charged amino acids will be in the interior because they would be bound by ions in the aqueous exterior Nonpolar amino acids would be in the interior because they avoid the exterior aqueous environment. Nonpolar amino acids will be in the interior because the protein would bind the membrane bilayer if they were on the exteriorWhich statement about N-linked glycosylation is correct? N-linked oligosaccharides are attached to proteins one sugar at the time in the endoplasmicreticulum. N-linked sugars are attached to proteins as a 14 residue oligosaccharide during translation in the endoplasmic reticulum. N-linked sugars are attached to proteins as a 14 residue oligosaccharide during translation inthe cytoplasm. N-linked sugars are attached to proteins as a 14 residue oligosaccharide after translation inthe Golgi apparatus.Which describes the enzymatic activity/biochemical function of dynamin? Answers: bind to and (quickly) hydrolyze GTP for energy while pinching off vesicles from a donor membrane surface in collaboration with clathrin bind to signal sequences in nascent secretory proteins, the ribosome, and to the SRP receptor, bind to and (slowly) hydrolyze GTP when the ribosome is bound to the translocon bind to nuclear localization sequences and to importin-beta bind to and (slowly) hydrolyze GTP while recruiting (binding to) vesicle coat proteins
- 1 2 3 4 description Cell membranes in both plants and animals are primarily made of this kind of molecule. This kind of molecule is usually a short-lived messenger molecule that conveys information about pain and inflammation. When circulating nutrients are insufficient to meet the body's energy needs, this type of molecule is broken down into smaller molecules that can be oxidized in cells to supply energy. This molecule is the starting point for the synthesis of many hormones, including the sex hormones testosterone and estradiol. Which molecules fit this description? 0 0 U 0 none of them 0 none of them Onone of them none of themGlycogen synthase requires a primer. A primer was formerly thought to be provided when the existing glycogen granules are divided between the daughter cells produced by cell division. In other words, parts of the original glycogen molecule were simply passed from generation to generation. Would this strategy have been successful in passing glycogen stores from generation to generation? How are new glycogen molecules now known to be synthesized?Please note whether each protein is either a Kinase (K), ATPase (A), GTPase (G), Membrane protein (M). Some proteins may need more than one letter: Dynamin [Choose ] Porin [Choose ] EGF Receptor [Choose ] CD4 [Choose ] P-glycoprotein [Choose ] Rho [Choose ] <
- Amoeboid cells that migrate through our tissues, such as the class of white blood cells known as neutrophils, often do so in a directed manner, triggered, for instance, by chemical signals released by pathogens such as bacteria. Directed migration in response to a chemical stimulus is known as chemotaxis. Part of an efficient chemotactic response is the ability of cells to polarize. As is the case with our structurally-polar polymers like F-actin or microtubules, polarization here refers to an asymmetry in the cells, rather than an electrical charge. In this case, it involves one part of the cell becoming the “front” (or leading edge) and another the rear. In a well-polarized, migrating cell, it’s been observed that an active form of Rac (which, in turn, can activate ARP 2/3) is concentrated towards the front of the cell, whereas an active form of Rho (which, in turn, can activate formin, inhibit ADP, and activate myosin II) is found toward the rear of the cell. Based on your…Amoeboid cells that migrate through our tissues, such as the class of white blood cells known as neutrophils, often do so in a directed manner, triggered, for instance, by chemical signals released by pathogens such as bacteria. Directed migration in response to a chemical stimulus is known as chemotaxis. Part of an efficient chemotactic response is the ability of cells to polarize. As is the case with our structurally-polar polymers like F-actin or microtubules, polarization here refers to an asymmetry in the cells, rather than an electrical charge. In this case, it involves one part of the cell becoming the “front” (or leading edge) and another the rear. In a well-polarized, migrating cell, it’s been observed that an active form of Rac (which, in turn, can activate ARP 2/3) is concentrated towards the front of the cell, whereas an active form of Rho (which, in turn, can activate formin, inhibit cofilin/ADP, and activate myosin II) is found toward the rear of the cell. Based on your…In addition to vitamin A (retinoic acid), which other fat-soluble vitamin has been shown to make lysosomal membranes more unstable and vulnerable to rupture (when the cytosol is acidic)? vitamin E (in the form of a-tocopheryl succinate) vitamin B12 (in the form of cyanocobalamin) vitamin C (in the form of ascorbic acid) vitamin B2 (in the form of riboflavin) vitamin B1 (in the form of thiamine)