Why does The O-cell typically is attached to the tip end of a pipe pile prior to installation (driving) or installed in the bottom of the open excavation for cast-in-place piles and drilled shaft foundations?

Why does The O-cell typically is attached to the tip end of a pipe pile prior to installation (driving) or installed in the bottom of the open excavation for cast-in-place piles and drilled shaft foundations?

Principles of Foundation Engineering (MindTap Course List)

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305081550

Author:Braja M. Das

Publisher:Braja M. Das

Chapter9: Pile Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9.3P

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Measuring site work, Excavation and Piling

Bid drawings typically include very little material about the precise requirements of site work operations, measuring site work and excavation work differs from measuring most other works on a construction project. The actual site work conditions are not provided and also the dimensions of the excavations are not known during the pre-construction phase. The precise measurement of the excavation and backfill of the earth material and topsoil is important for a contractor to decide upon the total cost required for the process. All the works should be carried out under OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) standards to ensure the safety of the workers.

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