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why is it better to generate a calibration plot than to perform a determination using a single measurements for a standard solution?
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- You are preparing a 100.0 mL standard solution needed for titration analysis. The NaOH (40 g/mol) pellets are measured to be 0.5341 g in a balance with acceptable uncertainty of +0.001 g. Mass of the pellets is recorded after taring the container. The pellets are put in a beaker and added with 50 ml distilled water measured by a graduated cylinder. The solution is then quantitatively transferred to a 100-mL volumetric flask with uncertainty of ±0.08 mL and diluted to a 100-mL mark. What is the concentration (M) of the solution and estimate its uncertainty by propagation? Assumption: There is no uncertainty in molar mass. Express your answer as C+/- u M.The molarity of a solution is determined by four separate titrations or replicates, where the obtained data was 0.4120, 0.4920, 0.3920, 0.4888 and 0.4320 M. Calculate the standard error of the mean for the above data.Norepinephrine can be analyzed in human urine. A fixed amount of DHBA was added to each sample and standard in a fixed concentration. Please explain the analytical function of adding DHBA. To the 1 mL of urine sample, small amounts of 1 µg/mL norepinephrine standard is added and the following results were obtained. What is the concentration of the norepinephrine in the urine sample with uncertainty?
- Analysis of a chromatogram of a mixture containing 0.0124 M analyte and 0.0448 M standard found that the peak area from the analyte was 324 and that the peak area from the standard was 258. In another experiment, a solution containing an unknown concentration of analyte and 0.0381 M standard was analyzed. The peak area of the analyte was 231, and the peak area of the standard was 197. What is the molar concentration of the unknown?What are the advantages and disadvantages of volumetric and gravimetric analysis?Analytical chemistry is a particular field within the broader spectrum of the chemical sciences, in which many times the focus of analytical experiments is to develop new methods to analyze compounds, either structurally or by determining concentrations of compounds. One of the processes analytical chemists use to determine the exact concentration of a working solution is called standardization. In your own words, describe the differences between a primary, secondary, and tertiary standard, and describe the underlying concept behind the standardization process. Why is it done?
- In the Analytical Chemistry laboratory, one of the B.Sc student Ms. Fatma wanted to analyze the presence of Iron(II) ion in the water samples collected from Sohar Industrial Area in the Sultanate of Oman and analyzed by Spectrophotometric method. (1) 250.00 mL of this water sample (Solution A) known to contain unknown amount of FeSO4. She has diluted Solution A by a dilution factor 10 to make 250.00 mL solution, which she labeled Solution B. Using Spectrophotometer, she has measured the absorbance value (0.642) for Solution B at 508 nm using 1.00 cm cell (cuvet). The molar absorptivity value for Fe2* ion at 508 nm is ɛ508 = 30.8 M-1cm1. (i) What volume of the solution A did she require to make the 250.00 mL of Solution В? (ii) in (i)? What instrument should she use to transfer the volume of the Solution A calculated (ii) Concentration of FeSO4 in Solution B. (iv) Concentration of FeSO4 in Solution A. Mass of FeSO4 in Solution A (Show your calculation) (v)The analysis shows different concentrations based on replicate determinations of Zn in a water sample: 0.754 mg, 0.721 mg, 0.734 mg, 0.731 mg and 0.742 mg. What is the absolute error if the standard solution has 0.750 mg of Zn?Describe calibration (it's principles) as used in Analytical Chemistry.
- The percentage of an additive in gasoline was measured six times with the following results: 0.13; 0.12; 0.16; 0.17; 0.20 and 0.11%. What is the 99% confidence interval for the additive percentage?A tank with a capacity of 74 liters, initially contains 20 kilograms of salt dissolved in 50 liters of water. Another solution, containing 3 kilograms of dissolved salt per liter, runs into the tank at 4 liters every minute and that the mixture (kept uniform by stirring) runs out of the tank at the rate of 1 liter per minute. What is the concentration of the solution in the tank at point of overflow? Intermediate values should be rounded only to two decimal places. Round off the final answer to two decimal places.A stock solution of 7.99 microM dye is provided. While making one of the standard solutions, a student records the following data. The initial buret reading for dye is 2.58 and for DI water is 1.94. The final buret reading for dye is 8.60 and for DI water is 6.42. Calculate the concentration of dye in the standard. Your answer should be given in microM and reported to two decimal places.