Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337793612
Author: PECK, Roxy.
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 16.2, Problem 8E
The effect of a restricted diet in the treatment of autistic children was examined in the paper “Gluten, Milk Proteins, and Autism: Dietary Intervention Effects on Behavior and Peptide Secretion” (Journal of Applied Nutrition [1991]: 1–8). Ten children with autistic syndrome participated in the study. Peptide secretion was measured before diet restrictions and again after a period of restricted diet. The resulting data follow.
Do these data suggest that the restricted diet was successful in reducing
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Stressed-Out Bus Drivers. Previous studies have shown that urban bus drivers have an extremely stressful job, and a large proportion of drivers retire prematurely with disabilities due to occupational stress. In the paper, “Hassles on the Job: A Study of a Job Intervention With Urban Bus Drivers” (Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 20, pp. 199–208), G. Evans et al. examined the effects of an intervention program to improve the conditions of urban bus drivers.Amongother variables, the researchers monitored diastolic blood pressure of bus drivers in downtown Stockholm, Sweden. The data, in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg), on the WeissStats site are based on the blood pressures obtained prior to intervention for the 41 bus drivers in the study. Use the technology of your choice to do the following.
a. Obtain a normal probability plot, boxplot, histogram, and stemand-leaf diagram of the data.
b. Based on your results from part (a), can you reasonably apply the one-mean t-test to the…
Does posting calorie content for menu items affect people’s choices in fast food restaurants? According to results obtained by Elbel, Gyamfi, and Kersh (2011), the answer is no. The researchers monitored the calorie content of food purchases for children and adolescents in four large fast food chains before and after mandatory labeling began in New York City. Although most of the adolescents reported noticing the calorie labels, apparently the labels had no effect on their choices. Data similar to the results obtained show an average of M = 786 calories per meal with s = 85 for n = 100 children and adolescents before the labeling, compared to an average of M = 772 calories with s = 91 for a similar sample of n = 100 after the mandatory posting.
Use a two-tailed test with α = .05 to determine whether the mean number of calories after the
posting is significantly different than before calorie content was posted.
Calculate r2 to measure effect size for the mean difference.
You are going to analyze a study on the intellectual development of engineering students. Perry’s model of intellectual development was applied to undergraduate engineering students at Penn State (Journal of Engineering Education, Jan. 2005). Perry scores (ranging from 1 to 5) were determined for 21 students in a first-year, project-based design course. (Note: A Perry score of 1 indicates the lowest level of intellectual development, and a Perry score of 5 indicates the highest level.) The average Perry score for the 21 students was 3.27.
Identify the experimental units for this study.
What is the population of interest? The sample?
What type of data, quantitative or qualitative, are collected?
Use the sample information to make an inference about the population.
Use a random number generator to select 3 of the 21 students for further testing.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
Ch. 16.1 - Urinary fluoride concentration (in parts per...Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 2ECh. 16.1 - Prob. 3ECh. 16.1 - A blood lead level of 70 mg/ml has been commonly...Ch. 16.1 - The effectiveness of antidepressants in treating...Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 6ECh. 16.1 - Prob. 7ECh. 16.2 - The effect of a restricted diet in the treatment...Ch. 16.2 - Peak force (N) on the hand was measured just prior...Ch. 16.2 - In an experiment to study the way in which...
Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 16.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 16.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 16.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 16.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 16.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 16.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 16.2 - The signed-rank test can be adapted for use in...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 16.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 16.3 - The given data on phosphorus concentration in...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 22ECh. 16.3 - Prob. 23ECh. 16.3 - The following data on amount of food consumed (g)...Ch. 16.3 - The article Effect of Storage Temperature on the...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Recent research has demonstrated that music-based physical training for elderly people can improve balance, walking efficiency, and reduce the risk of falls (Trombetti et al., 2011). As part of the training participants walked in time to music and responded to changes in the music's rhythm during a 1-hour per week exercise program. After 6 months, participants in the training group increased their walking speed and their stride length compared to individuals in the control group. The following data are similar to the results obtained in the study. Exercise Group Stride Length Control Group Stride Length 24 26 25 23 22 20 24 23 26 20 17 16 21 21 22 17 22 18 19 23 24 16 23 20 23 25 28 19 25 17 23 16 Do the results indicate a significant difference in the stride length for the two groups? Use a two-tailed test with ?=.05 (By hand and with SPSS)arrow_forwardDoes posting calorie content for menu items affect people’s choices in fast-food restaurants? According to results obtained by Elbel, Gyamfi, and Kersh (2011), the answer is no. The researchers monitored the calorie content of food purchases for children and adolescents in four large fast-food chains before and after mandatory labeling began in New York City. Although most of the adolescents reported noticing the calorie labels, apparently the labels had no effect on their choices. Data similar to the results obtained show an average of M =786 per meal with s = 85 for n =100 children and adolescents before the labeling, compared to an average M = 772of with s =91 for a similar sample of n = 100 after the mandatory posting. Use a two-tailed test with alpha = .05 to determine whether the mean number of calories after the posting is significantly different than before calorie content was posted.arrow_forwardAngioplasty is a medical procedure in which an obstructed blood vessel is widened. In some cases, a wire mesh tube, called a stent, is placed in the vessel to help it remain open. The article “Long-term Outcomes of Patients Receiving Drug-eluting Stents” (A. Philpott, D. Southern, et al., Canadian Medical Association Journal, 2009:167–174) presents the results of a study comparing the effectiveness of a bare metal stent with one that that has been coated with a drug designed to prevent reblocking of the vessel. A total of 5320 patients received bare metal stents, and of these, 841 needed treatment for reblocking within a year. A total of 1120 received drug coated stents, and 134 of them required treatment within a year. a) Find a 98% confidence interval for the differences between the proportions for drug coated stents and bare metal stents. b) Suppose that additional patients are to be treated in order to increase the precision of the confidence interval. Three sampling plans are…arrow_forward
- In a study published in Preventive Medicine (1991), researchers Stampfer and Colditz observed that women who underwent hormone replacement therapy (HRT) showed a lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Identify the explanatory and response variables. Explanatory: Response: Identify a confounding variable that provides an alternative explanation for the reduction in CHD risk among women who underwent HRT, compared to those who didn't undergo HRT. O Left handedness Eye color Blood type O Incomearrow_forwardRecent research has demonstrated that music-based physical training for elderly people can improve balance, walking efficiency, and reduce the risk of falls (Trombetti et al., 2011). As part of the training, participants walked in time to music and responded to changes in the music's rhythm during a 1-hour per week exercise program. After 6 months, participants in the training group increased their walking speed and their stride length compared to individuals in the control group. The following data are similar to the results obtained in the study. Do the results indicate a significant difference in the stride length for the two groups? Use a two-tailed test with α = 0.05. (do with spss and give an explanation) thank youarrow_forwardResearchers examined the effect of phosphate supplementation on bone formation in 6 healthy adult dogs. For each dog, bone formation was measured twice: once after 12 weeks of phosphate supplementation, and once after a 12-week control period. The results in percent bone growth per year are shown below. Do these data provide evidence that phosphatesupplementation significantly stimulates bone formation?Dog ID 1 2 3 4 5 6Control 1.73 3.37 3.59 2.05 1.86 3.60Phosphate 8.16 4.58 3.98 5.24 3.04 7.03 c. Based on the P-value, what conclusion can be drawn at a 5% significance level?arrow_forward
- In its January 25, 2012, issue, the Journal of the American Medical Association reported on the effects of overconsumption of low, normal, and high protein diets on weight gain, energy expenditure, and body composition. Researchers conducted a single blind, randomized controlled trial of 25 U.S. adults. The subjects were healthy, weight-stable, male and female volunteers, aged 18 to 35 years. All subjects consumed a weight-stabilizing diet for 13 to 25 days. Afterwards, the researchers randomly assigned participants to diets containing various percentages of energy from protein: 5% (low protein), 15% (normal protein), or 25% (high protein). The subjects were not aware of the specific protein level diet to which they were assigned. On these diets the researchers overfed the participants during the last 8 weeks of their 10 to 12 week stay in the inpatient metabolic unit. The goal was to investigate the effect of overconsumption of protein on weight gain, energy expenditure, and body…arrow_forwardResearchers examined the effect of phosphate supplementation on bone formation in 6 healthy adult dogs. For each dog, bone formation was measured twice: once after 12 weeks of phosphate supplementation, and once after a 12-week control period. The results in percent bone growth per year are shown below. Do these data provide evidence that phosphatesupplementation significantly stimulates bone formation?Dog ID 1 2 3 4 5 6Control 1.73 3.37 3.59 2.05 1.86 3.60Phosphate 8.16 4.58 3.98 5.24 3.04 7.03 Based on the P-value, what conclusion can be drawn at a 5% significance level?arrow_forwardResearchers examined the effect of phosphate supplementation on bone formation in 6 healthy adult dogs. For each dog, bone formation was measured twice: once after 12 weeks of phosphate supplementation, and once after a 12-week control period. The results in percent bone growth per year are shown below. Do these data provide evidence that phosphatesupplementation significantly stimulates bone formation?Dog ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 Control 1.73 3.37 3.59 2.05 1.86 3.60Phosphate 8.16 4.58 3.98 5.24 3.04 7.03 a. Write an appropriate null and alternative hypothesis for the mean difference.b. If the test statistic value was t = –2.92, determine the p-value using the appropriate degrees of freedom.arrow_forward
- Body Fat. J. McWhorter et al. of the College of Health Sciences at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, studied physical therapy students during their graduate-school years. The researchers were interested in the fact that, although graduate physical-therapy students are taught the principles of fitness, some have difficulty finding the time to implement those principles. In the study, published as “An Evaluation of Physical Fitness Parameters for Graduate Students” (Journal of American College Health, Vol. 51, No. 1, pp. 32–37), a sample of 27 female graduate physical-therapy students had a mean of 22.46 percent body fat. a. Assuming that percent body fat of female graduate physicaltherapy students is normally distributed with standard deviation 4.10 percent body fat, determine a 95% confidence interval for the mean percent body fat of all female graduate physical-therapy students. b. Obtain the margin of error, E, for the confidence interval you found in part (a). c. Explain the…arrow_forwardThe study “Evaluation of Prescribed Burning in Relation to Available Deer Browse” was undertaken at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1964 to determine if fire can be used as a viable management tool to increase the amount of forage available to deer during the crucial months in late winter and spring. Calcium is a required element for plants and animals. The amount taken up and stored in the plant is closely correlated to the amount present in the soil. It was hypothesized that fire may change the calcium levels present in the soil and thus affect the amount available to the deer. A large tract of land in the Fishburn Forest was selected for a prescribed burn. Soil samples were taken from 12 plots of equal area just prior to the burn on May 20, 1964, and analyzed for calcium. On July 16, 1964, postburn calcium levels were analyzed from the same plots. These values, in kilograms per plot, are presented in the following table. Do these data support the…arrow_forwardIt is common for baseball pitchers to use stretching to prepare for a game. But does this make a difference? The authors of a paper on the effects of stretching in baseball carried out an experiment to compare two different types of stretching and a control treatment consisting of no stretching. Participants were adult males with varying levels of baseball throwing experience and who were not professional or collegiate baseball players. Participants in the two stretching treatments went through a warm-up that included 8 minutes of stretching. Each participant (all three groups) then threw 10 pitches, and the average speed (km/hour) was calculated. (a) Explain why it is important that the participants be assigned at random to the three different treatment groups (Stretching Method 1, Stretching Method 2, and No Stretching). Random assignment ensures that our experiment systematically favors one experimental condition over all others and attempts to create experimental groups that are as…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Calculus For The Life SciencesCalculusISBN:9780321964038Author:GREENWELL, Raymond N., RITCHEY, Nathan P., Lial, Margaret L.Publisher:Pearson Addison Wesley,
Big Ideas Math A Bridge To Success Algebra 1: Stu...AlgebraISBN:9781680331141Author:HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURTPublisher:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Calculus For The Life Sciences
Calculus
ISBN:9780321964038
Author:GREENWELL, Raymond N., RITCHEY, Nathan P., Lial, Margaret L.
Publisher:Pearson Addison Wesley,
Big Ideas Math A Bridge To Success Algebra 1: Stu...
Algebra
ISBN:9781680331141
Author:HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT
Publisher:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Introduction to experimental design and analysis of variance (ANOVA); Author: Dr. Bharatendra Rai;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSFo1MwLoxU;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY