Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251052
Author: Michael Cummings
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 19.8, Problem 1GR
Why don’t genetic markers on the Y chromosome undergo recombination? Why is this lack of recombination a necessity for these markers to be used in tracing migrations?
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A neutral mutation arises in a diploid population of 10,000 individuals. Use this information to answer the following questions.
a)
What is the probability that the neutral allele goes to fixation?
b)
Assuming that the neutral mutation eventually goes to fixation, what is the expected time to fixation (in generations)?
In linkage mapping, how do we measure the distance between genes on a chromosome?
options:
A) The number of gametes used is proportional to the percent recombination in offspring.
B) The number of offspring produced is equal to the percent recombination during crossover.
C) The number of chromosomes resulting from crossover is equal to the distance the genes are apart in any one gamete.
D) The percentage of recombinant offspring is directly proportional to how far apart the genes are on the chromosome.
A reciprocal translocation occurs in an individual between chromosomes 4 and 18, and this translocation causes a disease in the individual. What is the most likely reason chromosome mutation causes a disease?
a) The translocation causes a break in the chromosome in a gene regulatory region.
b) Chromosomes with a translocation cannot replicate.
c) An individual with a translocation has some genes duplicated.
d) An individual with a translocation has some genes missing.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 19.8 - Why dont genetic markers on the Y chromosome...Ch. 19.8 - Prob. 2GRCh. 19 - If you suspected that heterozygous carriers of a...Ch. 19 - If allele frequencies in the hemoglobin gene are...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1QPCh. 19 - How Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in...Ch. 19 - How Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4QPCh. 19 - Prob. 5QPCh. 19 - How Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in...
Ch. 19 - How Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in...Ch. 19 - How Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in...Ch. 19 - Using the HardyWeinberg Law in Human Genetics...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10QPCh. 19 - Using the HardyWeinberg Law in Human Genetics In a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 12QPCh. 19 - Measuring Genetic Diversity in Human Populations...Ch. 19 - Measuring Genetic Diversity in Human Populations...Ch. 19 - Prob. 15QPCh. 19 - Measuring Genetic Diversity in Human Populations...Ch. 19 - Prob. 17QPCh. 19 - Prob. 18QPCh. 19 - Measuring Genetic Diversity in Human Populations...Ch. 19 - Natural Selection Affects the Frequency of Genetic...Ch. 19 - Prob. 21QPCh. 19 - Prob. 22QPCh. 19 - The Evolutionary History and Spread of Our Species...Ch. 19 - Prob. 24QPCh. 19 - Genomics and Human Evolution The Denisovan genome...
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- A chromosome of genotype C D recombines with a homolog of genotype c d during meiosis when Spo11 produces a double-strand break between genes C and D. If anticrossover helicase disentangles the invading strand, the likely outcome would be A) two C D and two c d gametes. B) two C d and two c D gametes. C) one C D, one C d, one c D, and one c d gamete. D) four C D gametes. E) four c d gametesarrow_forwardBecause of the relatively high frequency of meiotic errors that lead to developmental abnormalities in humans, many research efforts have focused on identifying correlations between error frequency and chromosome morphology and behavior. Tease et al. (2002) studied human fetal oocytes of chromosomes 21, 18, and 13 using an immunocytological approach that allowed a direct estimate of the frequency and position of meiotic recombination. Below is a summary of information [modified from Tease et al. (2002)] that compares recombination frequency with the frequency of trisomy for chromosomes 21, 18, and 13. (Note: You may want to read appropriate portions of Chapter 8 for descriptions of these trisomic conditions.) Trisomic Mean Recombination Frequency Live-born Frequency Chromosome 21 1.23 1/700 Chromosome 18 2.36 1/3000–1/8000 Chromosome 13 2.50 1/5000–1/19,000 (a) What conclusions can be drawn from these data in terms of recombination and nondisjunction frequencies? How might…arrow_forwardAre two genes linked if not linked to the same marker on a chromosome.? Let's say we want to figure out whether two genes are linked on a particular chromosome so we cross-test them to a marker gene on that chromosome. Gene A is found to have an approximate 50% recombinant frequency so we say it's not linked to the marker. The other gene B however is found to have 40% recombinant frequency with our marker so we say it's linked. Now the question is are the two Genes A and B linked or not? Please explain your reasoning.arrow_forward
- In an electrophoretic gel across which is applied a powerful electrical alternating pulsed field, the DNA of the haploid fungus Neurospora crassa (n = 7) moves slowly but eventually forms seven bands, which represent DNA fractions that are of different sizes and hence have moved at different speeds. These bands are presumed to be the seven chromosomes. How would you show which band corresponds to which chromosome?arrow_forwardA scientist working with Drosophila flies studies wing length, an X-linked characteristic. He has pure-breeding lines of short-winged and long-winged flies available. He decides to use reciprocal crosses for his work.i) What are reciprocal crosses? ii) Provide an example of the reciprocal crosses this scientist will do.iii) If the gene for wing length was sex-linked, but present in the pseudoautosomal region, what would you expect the outcome of a reciprocal cross to be with regards to males and females?arrow_forwardIn the diagram in the box below the horizontal line represents a chromosome and A, B, C, D and E represent the position of genes on the chromosome. You would expect the highest frequency of recombination of genes to occur between? A BC D E Lll S a) Between genes B and D b) Between genes B and C c) Between genes A and B d) Between genes A and Carrow_forward
- Why would an individual with a mutation that prevented the formation of recombination nodules be considered less fit than other members of its species?arrow_forward12) An individual with genotype AaBbCCDdEE can make many kinds of gametes. Which of the following correctly describes why this situation is possible? A) recurrent mutations form new alleles B) crossing over during prophase I leads to genetic variety C) different possible assortment of chromosomes/alleles into gametes occurs D) there is a tendency for dominant alleles to segregate together 13) Let P = purplearrow_forwardTHE GENES A, B AND C ARE LINKED ON CHROMOSOME 2 OF S. CEREVISIAE. IN A SERIES OF TWO-POINT MAPPING CROSSES, THE GENETIC DISTANCES SHOWN BELOW WERE DETERMINED. WHAT IS THE GENE ORDER? A-C: 28 A-B: 16 B-C: 41 A-B-C B-A-C A-C-Barrow_forward
- What is a molecular marker? Elaborate physical chromosome mapping with the help of molecular markersarrow_forwardWhat does a recombination frequency of 50% indicate? (choose one answer only) a) All of the offspring have combinations of traits that match one of the two parents. b) The genes are located on sex chromosomes. c) The two genes are likely to be located on different chromosomes. D0 Abnormal meiosis has occurred.arrow_forwardAn individual is heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation, with the following chromosomes: A • B C D E F A • B C V W X R ST • U D E F R ST • U V W X Q. Explain why the fertility of this individual is likely to be less than the fertility of an individual without a translocation.arrow_forward
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