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Each hemisphere of the cerebrum regulates
a. motor functions on the opposite side of the body.
b. motor functions on the same side of the body.
c. only functions within the brain.
d. only functions within the spinal cord
Introduction:
The cerebrum is also known as the telencephalon that has two cerebral hemispheres and many subcortical structures. In humans, it forms the uppermost portion of the central nervous system. Cerebrum with the help of the cerebellum controls voluntary actions.
Answer to Problem 1PL
Correct answer:
The correct answer is option (a) motor functions on the opposite side of the body.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation/justification for the correct answer:
Option (a) motor functions on the opposite side of the body. The cerebral hemispheres of the cerebrum are organized contralaterally. The contralateral organization allows the crossing of axonal fibers in the forebrain. This suggests that the axons originating from the left side of the forebrain control the functions on the right side of the body and vice versa. So, the correct answer is option (a).
Explanation for incorrect answer:
Option (b) motor functions on the same side of the body. Motor functions on the same side of the body are controlled by the ipsilateral organization of the axons. Axons arranged in the ipsilateral organization remains on the same side as that of their origin and thus control the motor functions on the same side. Axons originating from the cerebral hemisphere are organized contralaterally. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (c) only functions within the brain. The axons originating from the cerebral hemisphere reaches the effector muscles that control voluntary actions. So, this is an incorrect answer.
Option (d) only functions in the spinal cord. The cerebral hemisphere is the part of the cerebrum that forms the forebrain (the major portion of the brain). It is responsible for controlling the voluntary actions of the body. So, this is an incorrect answer.
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Chapter 30 Solutions
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
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