Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134202709
Author: Richard Wolfson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8.3, Problem 8.2GI
Suppose the paths in Fig. 8.8 are the paths of four projectiles. Rank each path (circular, elliptical, parabolic, and hyperbolic) according to the initial speed of the corresponding projectile. Assume all are launched front their common point at the top of the figure.
FIGURE 8.8 Closed and open orbits.
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You are a visitor aboard the New International Space Station, which is in a circular orbit around the Earth with an orbital speed of ?o=2.45 km/s�o=2.45 km/s . The station is equipped with a high velocity projectile launcher, which can be used to launch small projectiles in various directions at high speeds. Most of the time, the projectiles either enter new orbits around the Earth or eventually fall down and hit the Earth. However, as you know from your physics courses at the Academy, projectiles launched with a sufficiently great initial speed can travel away from the Earth indefinitely, always slowing down but never falling back to Earth.
With what minimum total speed, relative to the Earth, would projectiles need to be launched from the station in order to "escape" in this way? For reference, recall that the radius of the Earth is ?E=6370000 m�E=6370000 m, the mass of the Earth is ?E=5.98×1024 kg�E=5.98×1024 kg , the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth is ?=9.81…
You are a visitor aboard the New International Space Station, which is in a circular orbit around the Earth with an orbital speed
of vo = 2.72 km/s. The station is equipped with a high velocity projectile launcher, which can be used to launch small projectiles
in various directions at high speeds. Most of the time, the projectiles either enter new orbits around the Earth or eventually fall
down and hit the Earth. However, as you know from your physics courses at the Academy, projectiles launched with a
sufficiently great initial speed can travel away from the Earth indefinitely, always slowing down but never falling back to Earth.
With what minimum total speed, relative to the Earth, would projectiles need to be launched from the station in order to "escape"
in this way? For reference, recall that the radius of the Earth is RE = 6370000 m, the mass of the Earth is MẸ = 5.98 × 1024 kg,
the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth is g = 9.81 m/s and the universal…
Chapter 8 Solutions
Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
Ch. 8.2 - Suppose the distance between two objects is cut in...Ch. 8.3 - Suppose the paths in Fig. 8.8 are the paths of...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 8.3GICh. 8 - What do Newtons apple and the Moon have in common?Ch. 8 - Prob. 2FTDCh. 8 - When you stand on Earth, the distance between you...Ch. 8 - The force of gravity on an object is proportional...Ch. 8 - A friend who knows nothing about physics asks what...Ch. 8 - Could you put a satellite in an orbit that keeps...Ch. 8 - Why are satellites generally launched eastward and...
Ch. 8 - Given Earths mass, the Moons distance and orbital...Ch. 8 - How should a satellite be launched so that its...Ch. 8 - Does the gravitational force of the Sun do work on...Ch. 8 - Space explorers land on a planet with the same...Ch. 8 - Use data for the Moons orbit from Appendix E to...Ch. 8 - Prob. 13ECh. 8 - Prob. 14ECh. 8 - Two identical lead spheres with their centers 14...Ch. 8 - Whats the approximate value of the gravitational...Ch. 8 - A sensitive gravimeter is carried to the top of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 18ECh. 8 - Find the speed of a satellite in geostationary...Ch. 8 - Marss orbit has a diameter 1.52 times that of...Ch. 8 - Calculate the orbital period for Jupiters moon Io,...Ch. 8 - An astronaut hits a golf ball horizontally from...Ch. 8 - The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter circles the red...Ch. 8 - Earths distance from the Sun varies from 147 Gm at...Ch. 8 - Prob. 25ECh. 8 - A rocket is launched vertically upward from Earths...Ch. 8 - What vertical launch speed is necessary to get a...Ch. 8 - Find the energy necessary to put 1 kg, initially...Ch. 8 - Whats the total mechanical energy associated with...Ch. 8 - Prob. 30ECh. 8 - Determine escape speeds from (a) Jupiters moon...Ch. 8 - Prob. 32ECh. 8 - The gravitational acceleration at a planets...Ch. 8 - One of the longest-standing athletic records is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 35PCh. 8 - If youre standing on the ground 15 m directly...Ch. 8 - Given the Moons orbital radius of 384,400 km and...Ch. 8 - Equation 7.9 relates force to the derivative of...Ch. 8 - During the Apollo Moon landings, one astronaut...Ch. 8 - Prob. 40PCh. 8 - Prob. 41PCh. 8 - Youre preparing an exhibit for the Golf Hall of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 43PCh. 8 - Satellites A and B are in circular orbits, with A...Ch. 8 - The asteroid that exploded over Chelyabinsk,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 46PCh. 8 - Prob. 47PCh. 8 - Neglecting air resistance, to what height would...Ch. 8 - Show that an object released from rest very far...Ch. 8 - Prob. 50PCh. 8 - Prob. 51PCh. 8 - Prob. 52PCh. 8 - Prob. 53PCh. 8 - Prob. 54PCh. 8 - Prob. 55PCh. 8 - Two meteoroids are 160,000 km from Earths center...Ch. 8 - Two rockets are launched from Earths surface, one...Ch. 8 - Prob. 58PCh. 8 - A missiles trajectory takes it to a maximum...Ch. 8 - Prob. 60PCh. 8 - Mercurys orbital speed varies from 38.8 km/s at...Ch. 8 - Prob. 62PCh. 8 - Two satellites are in geostationary orbit but in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 64PCh. 8 - Prob. 65PCh. 8 - We derived Equation 8.4 on the assumption that the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 67PCh. 8 - As a member of the 2040 Olympic committee, youre...Ch. 8 - The Olympic Committee is keeping you busy! Youre...Ch. 8 - Tidal forces are proportional to the variation in...Ch. 8 - Spacecraft that study the Sun are often placed at...Ch. 8 - Prob. 72PPCh. 8 - Prob. 73PPCh. 8 - Prob. 74PPCh. 8 - The Global Positioning System (GPS) uses a...
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