Chemistry : Chemistry And The Investigation Of The Properties Of Chemistry

2. a) Liquid nitrogen boiling at -196°C is a physical property because it describes the boiling point of a substance, which is also when it changes state. A change of state, from a liquid to a gas, is a physical property because there is no new substance being created.

Every individual is different in a specific way. Like people, substances have unique qualities, such as properties, which aid chemists to differentiate and identify the particular components the substances consists of. These particular qualities are identified as either physical or chemical properties. Physical properties are properties which do not require a chemical change of its composition in order for the substance to be classified. A few examples of physical properties include color, density, odor, boiling point, melting

Concept 2.1 Matter consists of chemical elements in pure form and in combinations called compounds

12. Briefly define the following: Matter is anything that takes up space. Element is any substance that can’t be broken down into substances with different properties. Atom is the smallest part of an element that displays the properties of the element.

A physical change includes a change in the material without affecting its composition, such as the physical state change. However, a chemical change includes the change in the composition of the substance. The change in color, formation of a gas or a solid product, and the production of energy are the evidences of a chemical reaction, thus, of a chemical change.

What is matter? Matter is the substance of which any physical object is composed of. Matter takes up space and has mass. Matter can actually undergo lots of changes either chemically or physically. During chemical changes, matter’s chemical composition changes. Bonds between atoms are broken and created to form new molecules! For an example, a rusting iron nail. When a iron nail is exposed to oxygen it transforms into rust, this ability to react is the chemical property/change. During physical changes, matter’s composition does not change. Something in the matter might seem or look different, but the atoms are still link up the same.

The composition of a pure substance is constant, and thus pure substances have characteristic physical properties that do not change and this is why we are able to separate each element in this lab experiment. Examples of physical properties that can be used to describe pure substances include solubility, conductivity, magnetism, density, boiling point, and melting point.

Physical Properties: A property that can be observed or measured without changing the chemical identity of the substance.

Solids are composed of atoms, ions or molecules arranged in a pattern that is represented in three dimensions, they all have a definite shape and volume, they are virtually incompressible and they do not flow readily.

3. The metallic atoms change from a liquid state to a gas state during the flame test. Is this a physical or a chemical change? Explain.

Another term to remember when considering changes chemical and physical is the law of conservation of mass. This law simply means that matter can neither be created nor destroyed. Two other terms that are important when describing the properties of substances undergoing changes are extensive and intensive properties. An intensive property is a physical property of a substance that does not depend upon its size such as viscosity. Extensive properties however do depend on a substance’s size such as mass and volume.

States of matter are the distinct forms that different phases of matter take on. Historically, the distinction is made based on qualitative differences in bulk properties. Solid is the state in which matter maintains a fixed volume and shape; liquid is the state in which matter maintains a fixed volume but adapts to the shape of its container; and gas is the state in which matter expands to occupy whatever volume is available.

There are five main braches of chemistry: Organic Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Biochemistry. Organic chemistry and Inorganic chemistry are self-explanatory, as organic chemistry is concerned with the chemistry side of carbon and living things, and inorganic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the interaction between and structure in inorganic compounds.

Matter is defined as anything that occupies space and can be perceived by one or more senses; a physical body, a physical substance, or the universe as a whole. There are four distinct states of matter: solids, liquids, gases, and plasma. There are other states of matter such as Bose-Einstein condensates and neutron degenerate matter, but those states can only be found under extreme conditions.

Chemistry has been called the science of what things are. Its intent is the exploration of the nature of the materials that fabricate our physical environment, why they hold the different properties that depict them, how their atomic structure may be fathomed, and how they may be manipulated and changed.