Compare and Contrast Psychodynamic Theory and Person Centerd Counselling

Rogers used the symbolism of concept of self, being like a plant given water, soil, sun, and fertilizer. In these optimum or ‘facilitative’ conditions the client concept of self can grow and unfold like the plant. The client would

One of key concepts of person centred therapy is the belief that the client has the ability to become aware of their own problems and has the inherent means to resolve them. In this sense,

In the very early years of the person-centred approach, the direction and goals of the therapy were very much determined by the client, with the therapist’s role being to assist the client in clarifying their feelings. This approach of non-directive therapy was associated with a greater self-exploration, increased understanding, and improved self-concept. Further development of person centred therapy has seen a shift in concentration toward the core conditions assumed to be both necessary and sufficient for successful therapy (Cox, Bachkirova & Clutterbuck, 2010)

Counsellors do not offer advice as such but instead give an insight into a client’s feelings and behaviour and they help the client to change their behaviour accordingly. They do this by actively listening to what the client has to say and comment from a professional perspective. Counsellors are trained to be effective helpers, especially in sensitive and difficult situations. They have to be independent, very neutral and professional as well as respecting the privacy and confidentiality of a client. Counselling can help clients to clarify their problems, identify the changes they wish to make and give them a fresh perspective. Counsellors should help them to seek other options and look at the impact that life events have made on the

The term counselling facilitates personal and interpersonal functioning across the lifespan with the main focus on emotional, vocational, social, educational, health related and developmental concerns this encompasses a broad range of practices that help people to improve their well being, alleviate stress and maladjustment, reslove crisis and increases their ability to live more fully functioning lives. Counselling is unique in its attention to both normal developmental issues as well as the problems associated with physical, emotional and mental disorders. The BACP states that “counselling takes place when a counsellor see a client in a private and confidential

One incident which appears to have had a particular impact on Carl Rogers was when working in his first job as a psychologist, at Rochester New York, for an organisation for the prevention of cruelty to children,

Rogers seems therefore to be describing an emotional consequence resulting from what the behaviourist BF Skinner called positive and negative conditioning. He conceptualised Conditions of Worth as the limited ways in which a person could see him- or herself as being valued. The formulation was also influenced by psychoanalyst Erik Erikson and his ideas of the early stages of development. Rogers asserted that the child who learns trust and a sense of personal control are more likely to have a sense of self agency and robustness in the face of later difficulties. This comes about when conflicts find a successful resolution leaving both parties emotionally respected and intact. Thus Rogers’ more developed model of how a child is socially instructed can encompass concepts such as shame (Psychoanalysis), Modelling (Albert Bandura) and ideas of Internalization, amongst many others, and as such is more of a meta- model of growth of the personality.

Rogers theorized that the patient can resolve difficulties and gain the insight necessary to restructure their life by working with a patient, understanding guide/counselor/therapist. He was among the founders of the patient-centered approach, and was widely considered to be one of the founding fathers of psychotherapy research, honored for his pioneering research with the Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions by the HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Psychological_Association" \o "American Psychological Association" American Psychological Association (APA) in 1956.

Counselling is a process of assisting individuals go through worries and difficulties, (Geldard and Geldard 2012). Consequently, many people strive for counselling help when they cannot handle issues or sometimes when they require expert support to provide

Primarily developed by Carl Rodgers Person Centred Approach has allowed psychologists and counsellors to move away from the well-known patient- doctor approach and therefore create therapeutic environment propitious for finding personal potential of the clients. Over decades this approach has developed and become adapted by the number of professions where professional relationship between practitioners and service users are present (BAPCA,

The Person-Centred Approach is based on the theory and philosophy of Dr Carl Rogers. It focuses on the belief that we are all born with an innate ability for psychological growth if external circumstances allow us to do so. (British Association for the Person Centred Approach. (2017). What Is The Person Centred Approach. Available: https://www.bapca.org.uk/. Last accessed 5th September 2017.) The Person Centred Approach describes the client as an expert on themselves, and helps the client gain self- acceptance. The approach believes that humans can self-heal, if the core conditions are in place. The relationship between the client and the counsellor is the most important aspect of the therapy succeeding. (Rory Lees- Oakes. (2017). Counselling Theories Compare and Contrasted. Available: http://counsellingtutor.com/counselling-approaches/counselling-theories-compare-and-contrast/. Last accessed 4th September 2017.) As well as being non-directive this type of counselling relationship is based on the core conditions of empathy, congruence, and unconditional positive regard. By clients being prized and valued, they can learn to accepted who they are and reconnect with their true selves.

Much like Existential, person-centered uses many different methods in order to reach a finishing point in therapy. Person-centered Therapy respects the clients experiences, allows them to have uniqueness and in, trust in the client-therapist relationship, offers freedom, responsibility, and searches for meaning and purpose. However, this therapy (unlike Existentialism), is considered a humanistic therapy and is thus, more optimistic and has more of a natural potential

The comparison with origins is that both Rogers and Freud use the personality of mind in relation to the person repressing memories or happenings within the unconscious. These issues need to be brought to the forefront to move forward.

Whenever someone becomes perplexed involving a situation that he or she does not know how to handle, or guidance becomes something that the individual needs in order to find a solution to the issue that is being dealt with, many acquire the help of a professional. When a person-centered approach is being used in the therapy, the professional believes the client can find the answers within themselves. Person-centered therapy was developed by Carl Rogers in the 1930s, who founded psychotherapy research (Prochaska & Norcross, 2014, p. 114). Rogers wanted his clients to be able to look inside themselves and realize that they knew the answers to their own questions all along. This therapy has also been known as placing an “emphasis on the fact that each human being is distinctive, irreplaceable and inexchangeable” (Cooper & McLeod, 2011, p. 213).

According to Freud’s psychoanalytical theory, a person’s life is based on experiences and is composed of sequential stages therefore, this theory is discontinuous. Nature played a big role and is the primary reason for development which is based on satisfaction and needs to oneself. Another theorist comes into play when it comes to nature. Erik Erikson is a psychosocial theorist. He bases his theory on nature but he also included nurture. In Erikson’s view, he would say that Bryce belongs to the Industry vs. Inferiority stage. This is Erikson’s fourth developmental stage “Children now need to direct their energy towards mastering knowledge and intellectual skills” (Santrock, 2011).