FITTskills: International
Trade Finance
Sixth Edition
Course Objectives
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Define and discuss the “Four Pillars” of trade finance— payment facilitation, risk management, financing and the provision of information related to a transaction
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Describe the impact of technology on trade finance
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Describe the major products and services related to trade finance, including the role and requirement of each party to a transaction
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Discuss the importance of export credit agencies and international financial institutions in international trade
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Describe the importance of adequate planning relative to the financial aspects of international trade
10/20/2015
TF 1-2
An Introduction to
Trade Finance
The
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an export transaction between Canada and the
United States,
2.
an import of highly price-volatile commodities from Eastern Europe to Germany,
3.
a component import transaction between affiliate companies operating in South America and Asia.
TF Ch 1-14
Gaining the upper hand
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Trade finance as a competitive advantage:
Exporters can gain advantage by providing competitive financing as part of the sale
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Increasingly, financing is expected by importers, and is part of the ‘price of entry’
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Securing low-cost financing can increase the overall profitability of a transaction for both buyer and seller
TF Ch 1-15
Banks, ECAs and IFIs
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Banks, financial institutions and other providers of trade finance
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Export credit agencies (ECAs)
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International Financial Institutions (IFIs) or multilateral programs that support confirmations of locally issued L/Cs through guarantee mechanisms
The interrelationship of these organizations is key to sustaining trade
TF Ch 1-16
Non-bank providers
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Other trade service providers seeking to extend their value proposition
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Focus on supply chain and Open Account
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Couriers and shippers, such as UPS provide niche financing solutions; GE Capital is active in trade finance
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Exporting, licensing, and using trading companies are preferred modes of international market entry for firms with a(n) ____ structure.
I do not understand how can someone see people be treated the way patients at Willow brook were treated and no do anything about it. Patients at Willow brook were suffering. Seen their families talk about what they went thru made me very sad. I do not blame the parents for taking their sons/daughter to this facility. They did what they thought was right. They probably never imagined that this was going to happen. They took their children there thinking they were going to get help and get the right treatment. Thankfully some of them were taken from their families just in time, before something worst happen. The students and their parents, they were all victims of the inhumane way they were treated at Willow brook.
The company expects to deal in both import and export transactions, in a combination of documentary letter of credit and open account transactions. Its primary markets will be the United States, China, India and possibly a foray into the European Union through Ireland.
The MSFit clinic is a clinic that was started by a WSSU alumini for his mother. The clinic is based out of the Gateway YMCA and serves local Multiple Sclerosis patients. The clinic provides PT screnings, re-evaluations, interventions, and fitness recommendations. The clinic also allows Multiple Sclerosis sufferers the opportunity to use the YMCA at no cost to them. On the day of my clinic visit there was a mix of new patients and re-evaluations. Out of all the participants, the majority were females, aged 40-60.
1. Mark the main flows of goods and money in the diagram (above) and employ a key or table of descriptive elements to explain your answer.
The larger group is the placed students. The table shows that this group has 133, represented as N= 133, whereas the continuing students had n=31. The number of placed students is 100 more than the continuing students.
Exports and imports, which typically defines foreign trade, are the exchange of goods and services between nations and countries. The expression “send out” intends to do or offer abroad while as “import” is to convey in or purchase from abroad. There are numerous purposes behind exporting and importing. For instance, nations send out products on the off chance that it is one of the world’s couple of suppliers, in the event that it delivers the stock at a lower expense than alternate nations, or if it’s merchandise are popular on account of its extraordinary quality. While as a nation imports on the off chance that it does not have the sure item. The United States has laws regarding what’s imported; however, the United States government should regulate imports more heavily because it increases job opportunities, provides a variety of clothing from different countries and drastically increases revenue.
Ramey, Joanna. "Low Freight Rates To Aid Importers." WWD 5 July 2011: 5. Academic OneFile. Web, retrieved from: http://go.galegroup.com
International trade is important and beneficial to business. However, international trade guides a safeguard of interests, specific business contract, defined law, forum of dispute settlement, and understanding of contract clauses. “A working knowledge of international law helps business owners and managers with global interests reduce risk and increase profits” (Melvin, 2011, P. 631). This enlightenment will address the international legal and ethical issues involved in international business transactions and compare such to domestic business operations.
Trade finance in the twenty-first century: plug and pay? Palate-Able Delights (PAD) is a niche retailer of high-end food products imported from various parts of the world. Iranian saffron and caviar, French champagnes, Italian truffles and olive oils, vintage balsamic vinegars, fine cheeses, reserve wines from the leading vintners, even limited-availability spring waters…if a culinary delight exists, Palate-Able Delights has a mission to discover it, then share it with appreciative clients who quite happily pay premium for the pleasure. PAD has been very successful as an importer, but has packaged such unique
International projects present multinational corporations with many complexities in organizing a profitable transaction structure.Foreign exchange risk is an underlying problem. Credit risk presents another challenge. Payment terms and the certainty of realizing them can be difficult points. Negotiations with foreign corporations and governments, and with agents and intermediaries, present additional challenges. An example of the demanding environment for global financial activities is presented in the case of "Avicular Controls and Pakistan Airlines". It is found in Cases in International Finance on page 40.
Moffet, Micheal (2008) Nodal Logistics and Custo Brasil. Thunderbird. School of Global Management. Investopedia (2013) Transaction Exposure. Investopedia. Recovered at 19 of February at: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/transactionexposure.asp
participants in this conference created three organizations to help regulate the international economy. The first is the International Monetary Fund (IMF) which was established with the idea of regulating monetary policy. One of the benchmarks of the IMF is the stabilization of exchange rates and the loaning of money to help stabilize countries with balance of payments deficits. The second organization established was the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) whose main focus was on a liberal trading order.
For firms seeking to engage in international business, government intervention may increase both the risks and costs they undergo. With liberalised trade, firms
Unquestionably, currency is the preferred payment medium for any export or import transaction—it is easy, fast, and straightforward to transact. Sometimes, though, compa¬nies must adapt to the reality that buyers in many countries cannot do so, whether due to the fact that their home country 's currency is nonconvertible, the country doesn 't have enough cash, or it doesn 't have sufficient lines of credit. Sometimes companies and coun¬tries find it practically impossible to generate enough foreign exchange to pay for imports. In recourse, they devise creative ways to buy products. For example, Indonesia traded 40,000 tons of palm oil, worth about US$15 million, with Russia in exchange for Russian Sukhoi