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1) What are the two types of services that the Internet provides to its applications? What are some of characteristics of each of these services? a) connection-oriented service (TCP) and a connectionless service (UDP) are twoo types of services. characteristics of the connection-oriented service are: • Two end-systems first “handshake” before either starts to send application data to the other. • Provides reliable data transfer, i.e., all application data sent by one side of the connection arrives at the other side of the connection in order and without any gaps. • Provides flow control, i.e., it makes sure that neither end of a connection overwhelms the buffers in the other end of the connection by sending to many …show more content…

TDM advantage over FDM is that it offers bandwidth saving and there is low interference between the signals that are being multiplexed. 5) What is meant by connection state information in a virtual-circuit network? What is key distinguishing difference between a tier-1 ISP and a tier-2 IS? a) connection state information is the information required/maintained by a router to redirect data, to proper interface, in an active connection.Tier-1 is a network in which only settlement free peers and customers are serviced. The network operartes pays for none of it’s transit. Tier-2 is where the network operator buys all or some of it’s transit from a tier-1 and resells it. A tier-1 ISP connects to all other tier-1 ISP;a tier-2 connects to only a few of the tier-1 ISP. Also a tier-2 ISP is customer of one or more tier-1. 6) What is transmission rate of Ethernet LANs? For a given transmission rate, can each user on the LAN continuously transmit at that rate? a)Ethernet LANs have transmission rates of 10 Mbps,1 Gbps and 10 Gbps. For an X Mbps Ethernet(where X=10,100,1,000 or 10,000),a user can continuously transmit at the rate XMbps if that user is the only person sending data. If there are more than one active use, then each user cannot continuously transmit at X Mbps. 7) What are some of the physical media that Ethernet can run over? a)Ethernet most commonly runs over twisted-pair copper wire and “thin” coaxial

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