Johnson & Johnson Marketable Securities Audit Report
The purpose and responsibility of an audit is to provide reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free from material misstatements whether due to fraud or error. The audit will follow the authoritative guidance provided by the PCAOB and AICPA auditing standards. In relation to Johnson & Johnson Company, it would be a plus if the auditor had experience with the Consumer, Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices, but not necessary since a firm would be able to hire an expert to consult on the audit. The test will cover risk assessment procedures, tests of controls and substantive procedures.
Johnson & Johnson marketable securities are important in financial reporting and audit implication for the classification chosen by the company. The held for maturity securities are valued at amortized cost which subject to an impairment test. Both the trading securities and the available for sale securities ae carries at fair market value. Therefore, the auditor has a major judgment challenge in corroborating management’s intent in classifying the assets, including gathering information about management compensation and determining fair value. The auditor needs to understand the economic purpose of major marketable securities transaction in relation to the risk undertaken by managements in making the investment. The audit of these Marketable Securities will consist of several substantive tests on the financial assertions and to
Moreover, the auditor should preform test for effectiveness of internal controls. He may interview management by asking questions on the process of the transactions and operational activities. He may discuss with management the process of some transactions from beginning to end and then test it by using sample testing. Also he/she should make sure that there is proper control of activities; policies and procedures for adequate segregation of duties are met.
Furthermore, when the internal control is fixed, the outside auditor can rely on the clients system and less audit testing can be conducted. When everything is improved, the management letter is given to the organization’s top management and not disclosed to the public, (Finkler, S. A., Ward, D. M., & Calabrese, T. D., 2013). Next, is the auditor’s report that entails the opinion letter usually written in three paragraphs and given to the board of trustees. Then, the opinion paragraph is added on to state the organizations financial statements are in accordance of the financial position and followed through with (GAAP). The clean opinion addresses the opinion of the auditor and the overall exercising of professionalism. Also, the complete opinion of the financial statements is to give a representation of the organization. All other opinions may be included and can be addressed by adverse opinions if (GAAP) was not in accordance. A qualified opinion can be added if a specific area wasn’t included in the financial statement when needed. Finally, the management reports are conducted by the management team and not the auditors. The management report is the annual report the topics included in the report are the internal control system and the responsibility of the audit committee.
To conduct the audit, the firm must acquire sufficient understanding of the internal control processes to help determine the nature and timing of the audit. However, the audit is not designed to identify deficiencies in internal control or provide assurance. The firm will make the audit committee aware of any significant deficiencies that come to Anderson, Olds, and Watershed’s attention during the audit.
The audit team focused on preforming groundwork analytical procedures. A comparison of the performance of Smackey’s Dog Foods Inc to other similar industries was used to validate the original assessment of the risks. Performing the procedures helped detect areas that pose a high risk of the material misstatements. Another important part of the planning of the audit was to set a balance of materiality that is appropriate. The situations that
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the SEC’s influence on auditing a private company and the essential activities involved in the initial planning of an audit. Next the discussion will delve into four stages of the audit and tasks performed by the auditors as well as internal control findings and various aspects of the audit.
There are four stages in this audit. The first stage is the planning and risk assessment. This stage of the audit is completed during the initial planning. The risks for Smackey Dog Foods, Inc. can be better identified by understanding the business, its industry, environment, management culture, the type of accounting used, and the competition. The auditors should be able to understand why Smackey’s sales are steadily increasing and its competitors sales are declining. To be more specific, the implementation and design of Smackey’s internal control procedures, processes, and systems are studied and analyzed for the audit team to be able to assess the control risk for each of the transaction related audit objectives, which are accuracy, occurrence, classification, completeness, summarization, and timing and posting.
This case analysis commences by explaining the type of accounting officer needed to execute the job functions for the client, Big Spenders Inc. The next objective will be to examine the income statements of the two prospective business entities that the client intends to choose from concerning investment – in order to diversify its portfolio. The strategies that will be explored in terms of the analysis of the income statements includes the computation of (i) operation profit margin, (ii) gross margin, (iii) net profit margin, and (iv) return on equity – for both companies of interest. The results of examinations will put the accountant in a position to make sounds recommendation to his superior at BUSI 1043 LLP, so that Big Spenders Inc. can be properly guided.
A review and an audit report are both a form of an attestation engagement. A Review, however, is less in scope so it provides a moderate level of assurance on the financial statements. It is considered a “sniff” of an audit, which comparatively provides reasonable assurance that no material misstatements occurred. Since a review deals with a limited scope, it does not provide the basis for expressing an opinion on the presentation of the
Auditors have the responsibilities as well as management to report internal controls. The auditors must examine closely management’s claim of effectiveness and also physically test the controls. After the examination, the auditors should express their opinion and any recommendations to fix any internal control weaknesses.
When conducting the audit for Persephone Inc, there are two possible alternative audit approaches: substantive testing or combined testing. Comprised of tests of details and substantive analytical procedures, substantive testing inspects the financial statements to determine if there are errors present. Alternatively, the combined approach relies on both the internal controls that are in use by the company, in addition to substantive testing to catch misstatements. Consequently, companies who are lacking definitive controls utilize substantive testing; it is also useful for companies where the controls are not properly implemented or functioning. While Persephone Inc. has numerous controls set in place, and is looking to further strengthen
The fair value of an asset is defined as ‘the price that would be received to sell an asset paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date” (Kieso, Weygandt, & Warfield, 2012). It is a market based measure (Averkamp, 2014). Over the past few years, Generally Accepted Accounting Principles has called for the use of fair value measurement in a company’s financial statements. This is what is referred to as the fair value principle (Kieso, Weygandt, & Warfield, 2012). The fair value of an asset or liability is based on an estimate of what the asset should be worth at the time of sale. This gives rise to some conflict among accounting professionals. It is believed that fair value may not be as accurate
The purpose of an audit is to enhance of confidence in the financial statements. An auditors opinion validates this purpose.
1. Financial (Substantive) Audit: A financial audit is an independent, objective assessment of an organization 's financial reports and financial reporting forms. The primary purpose for financial audits is to give regulators, stakeholders, administrators, and managers rational assurance that financial statements are precise and complete. The purpose of a financial statement audit is to add believability to the reported budgetary position and execution of a business. The Securities and Exchange Commission
The objective of an audit of financial statements is to enable the auditor to express an opinion whether the financial statements are prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with an applicable financial reporting framework.