Danielle Kearns-Sixsmith Professor Keri Heitner RES 723 University of Phoenix December 23, 2014 Learner IQ and Media Preference The purpose of this study is to examine if a correlation exists between learners ' IQ and instructional media preference. A sample of 165 students who were high school freshmen and sophomores, ranging in age from 14-16 years, and were enrolled in a college preparatory social studies course in a small mid-Atlantic private school were invited to participate. The purpose of this paper is to present the data analysis of this quantitative research study. Research questions and hypotheses The research question for this study was: What is the relationship between individuals ' IQ score and …show more content…
The alternate hypothesis was: There is a significant relationship between individuals ' IQ score rank and instructional media preference. In a correlational study, an alternate hypothesis claims that a relationship exists between the variables (Gilbert, 2006). A relationship means that where learners score on the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale is related to which medium they choose to use for instruction. Another way to write this is: Ha: ρXY ≠ 0, where Ha is the symbol for the alternative hypothesis, ρ for the significance which will be ≤0.5, and XY which represents the predictor variable, learner IQ, or X, paired with the criterion variable, or instructional media choice, or Y. For this study, the predictor variable, learner IQ score, is interpreted as a rank, an ordinal level of measurement and the criterion variable, instructional media preference, as a nominal level of measurement. According to Black (1999), Cramer 's C (also known as V) is an appropriate statistical measure when a single sample examines ordinal and nominal levels of measurement. In fact, using Black 's (1999) decision table for selecting association or correlation coefficients, the ordinal level of measurement, in this case learner IQ ranking, should be reduced to a nominal level (p.626). Descriptive statistics Univariate
When one speaks of intelligence or how bright another person is, the often quoted figure is the IQ or intelligence quotient. It is the most often used standard of how smart a person is. This paper shall look at what intelligence tests measure, how the IQ tests measure intelligence and interrogate their history. It shall then apply the tests to school policy and hence evaluate their validity.
What was the purpose of this study? (i.e., what question(s) did the authors want to answer?)
Research questions are formulated in a study to inquire about variables, both independent and dependent variables, and the relationship between them. Research questions are categorized into two, that is, qualitative and quantitative research questions. Qualitative questions are used in qualitative research like case studies, surveys and action research where the approach is non-numerical and analyses special phenomena that occur in nature. Quantitative research on the other hand is more of a systematic approach with measurable numerical quantities that go through analysis to prove a hypothesis. Finally, the research hypothesis is either approved or disapproved with regards to the results of the analysis (Laureate Online Education B.V.
To view the research on a nominal scale, the research data can be drawn from the type of class. The word nominal is derived from the root word in Latin for name (Usable Stats, 2013). The name of the class, Psychological Statistics, is the nominal measurement for this research. When conducting this study, the study will only be measured during the course of this specific class. The results could drastically change when considering another type of class such as Quantitative Literacy as the cognitive understanding of such a collegic math class may be more optimal through a different course-delivery format.
Suppose you are given data from a survey showing the IQ of each person interviewed and the IQ of his or her mother. That is all the information that you have. Your boss has asked you to put together a report showing the
Each theory of intelligence has not only a different method of testing intelligence, but also a different definition of intelligence, which each creator ascribes to. Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (Terman, 1916), or IQ tests as they are commonly referred to as, are currently one of the most widely used tools for intelligence measurement, however, research suggests they are a poor predictor of future academic success for particular cultural groups (Gardner, 1993). In one of the largest neurocognitive-based intelligence studies performed to date, it was revealed through the observation of neuroimaging data that IQ scores alone were not likely to indicate a fundamental intellectual ability because intelligence is composed of multiple anatomically distinct components (Hampshire, Highfield, Parkin, & Owen, 2012). Considering this development, it would appear that IQ tests are only measuring one subsection of intelligence, located in the frontoparietal cortex (Gray, Chabris, & Braver, 2003; Hampshire, Highfield, Parkin, & Owen, 2012). In order to provide analogous statistics to base research upon, it is vital to create multifaceted, culturally sensitive measurements because cultures differ greatly in the emphasis they place on certain aspects of intelligence (Sternberg, Grigorenko, & Kidd, 2005).
Intelligence quotient-also known as IQ-is the measure of the mind's ability to retain and interpret analytical facts. Educational institutes are largely conditioned to determine what the IQ score of a person is through standardized testing. These forms of testing are commonly focused on a person’s ability in short-term memory, analytical thinking, mathematical ability and spatial recognition. The standardized testing used in educational institute only accounts for a certain percentage of their actual IQ level. A person’s IQ proves how intelligent a person is, respective to the many forms of of acquiring knowledge-work experience, project experience, using the internet. The projection an educational institute suggests on a resume for a job screening, is that of the person's academic ability within the general demographic of persons with a similar IQ level-determined by a form of standardized testing. There are many assumptions that this statement suggestions. This revolves around the notion that individuals are attending institutes that respectively correlate to their
Participants were from a high school as a convenient sample. They are juniors and in the
In the society of today, there are various educators who believe in assessment as proper method to measure the performance of a child in school as well as the overall achievement of a specific school system. The assessment may be presented in the form of verbal, written, or multiple choice, and it usually pertains to certain academic subjects in the school curriculum. Recently, many educators began to issue standardized tests to measure the intelligence of a common student body. (Rudner, 1989) These standardized tests were initially created to reveal the success in institutional school programs, and exhibit the abilities of students today. The standardized tests can reveal the strengths and weaknesses
Although video has become prevalent in education, some argue that the very presence of video inhibits learning. Salomon (1984) measured sixth graders’ preconceptions of the ease or difficulty when processing print or video based lessons. He discovered that lower mental effort was extended with the television lesson, perceiving television as ‘easy,’ and print as ‘tough,’ thus requiring more mental exertion. He stated, “It stands to reason that when subjects face a task they perceive to be easy relative to their abilities, their investment of effort decreases” and “no additional effort expenditure is needed to perform the task that is perceived to be well mastered” (Salomon, 1984: 694). Thus viewers perceive videos as less demanding and invest less mental effort into processing the information as a result, which negatively influences their learning achievement (Saloman, 1984). However, since Salomon’s work others have conducted research to determine what other effects could influence a learner’s invested mental effort. The category and subject matter of the content also impacted a viewer’s intention to learn from the video material. Kunkel and Kovaric (1983) discovered that learners view educational content as more serious than entertainment, and subsequently, altered their motivation to process either information. By analysing college students and their preconceptions of television shows produced for the Public Broadcasting
Table 2*. Correlations of the key study variables, with means (M) and standard deviations (SD).
The null hypothesis would reflect as if there is no difference between both variables (Malec & Newman, 2013). The null hypothesis would indicate that there is no relationship between GPA and IQ. The alternative hypothesis would indicate another option, which is contrary to the null and may or may not be directional (Malec & Newman, 2013). The alternative hypothesis would be, that there is a relationship between GPA and IQ. This writer agrees with
However, the authors went on to say that presently, 80% of states use identification definitions that include creativity, approximately 70% use definitions that include artistic abilities, and slightly more than half of states use definitions that include leadership abilities (175). Even with this recent recognition of other abilities, IQ test scores are still being used as a determining factor in most American schools.
Academic success is largely attributed to intellectual ability in everyday life, even though this supports the literature that is intellectual ability does have a large role over academic success it is only one of many factors that can influence academic success, in this study the effect of intellectual ability will be tested against academic success of students to verify and reproduce the results that exist in abundance within multiple studies (Chamorro-Premuzic & Arteche, 2008). Therefore, we will be testing whether the relationship between intellectual ability and academic performance is significant or not. This constructs the first hypothesis for the study:
The instrument used is questionnaire and chi-square is used to test the relationship between the variables, which has proven that there is a