Meoh Reaction Lab Report

In Part 1, ~0.30g of KHP is dissolved in 25.00 mL of water, and titrated with NaOH. The volume of NaOH added to reach the endpoint is recorded and corrected (Table 1). The number of moles of NaOH reacted in trial 1 and trial 2 are 0.001534 mol and 0.001433 mol (Equation 1). The concentration of NaOH in trial 1 and trial 2 are 0.07331 M and 0.06628 M (Equation2). The average concentration of NaOH is 0.06979 M (Equation 3). The average deviation is 0.003515 M (Equation 4). In Part 2, ~0.13g of Na2CO3 is dissolved in 25.00 mL of water, and titrated with HCl. The volume of HCl added to reach the endpoint is recorded and corrected (Table 2). The number of moles of HCl reacted in trial 1 and trial 2 are 0.001225mol and 0.001253mol (Equation 5). The concentration of HCl in trial 1 and trial 2 are 0.03298M and 0. 0.03477M (Equation 6). The average concentration of HCl is

The purpose of mixing methanol and the catalyst (NaOH) is to react the two substances to form Methoxide. The amount of Methanol used should be 20% of the volume of the oil NaOH does not readily dissolve into Methanol. It is best to turn on the mixer to begin agitating the Methanol and slowly pour the NaOH in. When particles of NaOH cannot be seen, the Methoxide is ready to be added to the oil. This can usually be achieved in 20 –30 minutes

To compare the mass of the products of a chemical reaction with the mass of its reactant

My group and I worked on a experiment known as The Mass Mole Relationship in a Chemical Reaction. We investigated that when a chemical reaction occur, then it is possible for us to create a smaller amount than what is expected from the product. We also believed that if there is a 1:1 mole ratio between the reactant and product, then the given number of mole for reactants will be the same number of mole in the products. The purpose of the experiment is to give us a further explanation and understanding on mole mass relationships in a chemical equation and balance chemical equation. It also help us compare the experimental mass of a product of a chemical reaction to the predicted mass of the product.

The effect of metals supplementation on methanogenesis was studied to confirm whether could increase methane production. Ion metals as trace elements were proven to enhance biogas formation during anaerobic oxidation of organic matter [37]. However, its efficiencies are varied and depend on many factors such as the biogas system, inoculum source, metals used, etc. Three concentrations of metals (i.e., Ni, Co, and Fe) at three different concentrations of each metal were tested using granular sludge as inoculum. The metals concentrations that proven that could enhance methanogenesis would be utilized for later experiments with M. barkeri. Since dechlorination by methanogens is believed via co-metabolism pathways, it was assumed that higher methanogenesis activity would result in higher dechlorination rate.

The oxidation of CH4 usually progresses to C02 and H20 because the intermediates are a series of highly reactive radical reactions and this makes partial oxidation of CH3 into CH3OH very hard. In addition, CH3OH oxidizes faster than CH4 and requires less energy for its oxidation. Industrial attempts to synthesize methanol from methane is usually done indirectly since the direct methods have low methanol specificity and yield. Current industrial methods for producing methanol involve making synthesis gas from methane and then catalytically converting it to methanol. Several methods are used such as steam reforming, and dry reforming. These methods require high temperature of about 800°C, the reactions are endothermic requiring lot of energy. The end-product of the reactions also requires intensive purification from impurities such as sulfur and other compounds. Finding feasible mechanisms for oxidation of methane to methanol cannot be over-emphasized because of the uses of methanol such as production of other chemicals like formaldehyde, acetic acid, for extraction of sulfur and most importantly as an alternative to fossil fuels.

A device which can measure the heart rate of a patient should be placed on the internet. The device would be able to take real time heart rate data of the user for 24 hours. The data obtained then can be sending to the doctor or better yet a heart rate machine. The heart rate machine can be used to check for signs of any potential heart stroke or even heart failure. The machine can also compare the heart rate data of the patient with that of an average healthy human being off similar age. If the heart rate is lower than the expected heart rate then the machine should be able to send a warning message to the person phones. The message would tell the patient that he should change his diet, exercise more and live a healthier life. In

. The author used the example of the reaction of sodium and chlorine to support the postulate of chemical reaction. That during chemical reactions the atoms are rearranged in the reacting substances, to give a new chemical combinations present in the substances formed by the reaction, in this case salt.

Standard compounds (rutin, chlorogenic acid, quercetin and hyperoside) were prepared as 0.05% solution in methanol. The concentration of test extracts was diluted to 5mg/mL with methanol. 5 µL of both extracts and standard solutions were deposited on 20 x 20 cm glass TLC plates coated with silica gel (60 A) with flourescent indicator F254. After application of the samples, the TLC plate was allowed to dry and developped in a glass chamber. The glass chamber was allowed to equilibrate with the mobile phase comprising of ethyl acetate, formic acid and water in the ratio 8:1:1 (v/v), respectively, for at least 24 hours. After development the tlc plate was dried and visualtisation of flavonoids was achieved by spraying the plate with 1 % methanolic

The appearance (physical properties) of each reactant in the flask (before mixing) were observed and recorded in Table 1.

In conclusion, the results of the experiments in this lab determined many properties of the unknown compound, produced a successful synthesis reaction, and clearly showed that both the unknown compound and the product compound were sodium acetate. The solubility, anion/cation, flame, pH, and acidification tests all returned results that were consistent with those expected from sodium acetate, both for the unknown compound and for the product compound. In addition, this was directly shown in the comparative anion/cation and flame tests to contrast sodium acetate with other compounds. The synthesis reaction produced 0.972 grams, which was 94 % of the expected yield, and indicated that the reaction was successful. This was confirmed by a pH, flame, and acidification test that all produced results with the same properties as sodium acetate.

Testing the Effects of Temperature on the Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide with the Enzyme Catalase

The main purpose of these experiments was introduce various techniques such as the use of separation, purification and extraction for each organic compound that was obtained. The first experiment was done on a compound which is commonly known as a triglyceride which contains three fatty acids and a glycerol backbone. The next experiment was done one a caffeine which is a hetercylic ring. However, this heterocyclic ring has all oxygens in the place of the carbons. The third eextraction was done on benzoic acid and acentanilide and the last experiment was done on acetic acid to purify an ester.

Introduction: An enzyme is a protein-based molecule, which acts as a catalyst (a catalyst is a biological molecule which serves to increase the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs by lowering the activation energy barrier without being consumed). The purpose of this experiment was to determine the properties of acid phosphatase (APase) a wheat-germ based enzyme, whose optimal conditions are as follows: pH of 4.8 and temperature of 37 oC) (acid phosphatases remove phosphate groups from molecules and work best in acidic conditions). Employing such optimums to be the positive controls, a series of experiments with negative controls were conducted.

The size of the particle should be large enough to allow three proteins coupling together onto one particle. Therefore, Dynal® MyOneTM 1-μm carboxyl particle (Invitrogen®) and Merck® EM1-100/40 particle were used as the carrier particles. If positive results were seen, the work would be expanded to particles in other sizes, materials and manufacturers, such as Allrun® PM3-050 or Dynal® M270 particles.