Part 1 The geographical processes that are occurring at the Terrigal beach area are: * Erosion, which is effecting: * The Skillion, mainly the headland and rock platform, which is part of a preserved area of land known as “the Haven” which also contains the rugby oval. The man type of erosion that affects this is from the sea. * The sand dunes on the beaches. This area is affected by wind erosion as well as the tides if adequate vegetative cover is not present. The main type of erosion, from the sea, takes the sand from the sand dunes as well as the rest of the beach in a rip. The sand is then pulled out to sea where it forms a sand bar. On calmer days, the sand is brought back to the beach. * Storm damage can affect coastal …show more content…
* Continued stabilization of the frontal dune through various methods for the past fifteen years. * The efforts of “Wamberal -Terrigal Beach Protection Group” have been mostly successful. Although a small part of the front dune that was covered in spinifex grass has been lost, the erosion at Wamberal would have been significantly worse. * “Terrigal Lagoon Bushcare” * What the group has been doing to help and promote sustainability in the Terrigal beach area: * The group is mostly focused on maintaining the vegetation of the various lagoons in the Terrigal area. As a result, most of their actions relate to the maintenance of the lagoons. The kind of things they do include: * Restoring lagoon-side bush * Removing weeds and non-native plants * Planting suitable trees, shrub, grass, etc. * The efforts of “Terrigal Lagoon Bushcare” have been largely successful in keeping the lagoons around Terrigal ecosystems. Their actions have helped the native plants compete with the introduced species. * What individuals have been doing to help and promote sustainability: * Stopped building on dangerous areas, usually sand dunes. * Started various community groups in order to help maintain and protect various aspects of Terrigal and encouraging others to join. * Insuring all property owned if living in an area of risk *
How effective are the coastal management strategies used at present in your local beach area?
Wind and waves affect Glenelg as they set up a northward drift of sand along the coast and this type of sand movement is known as littoral drift. During coastal storms, huge quantities of sand are eroded and this does damage to near shore, beach and sand dune areas. Glenelg is not considered to be a stable as beach as many others are. Seagrass loss and seabed instability that affect Glenelg is that a third of seagrass meadows along the coasts of Glenelg has died since 1950 and poor water quality resulting from the stormwater runoff and effluent disposal has most likely been the initial cause. When there are gaps in the seagrass meadows the sand below the meadow edge can be eroded by the waves and this will in turn increase the rate of seagrass loss and make it difficult for plants to recolonise the seafloor, even though the water quality has been improved. Sea levels affect Glenelg as parts of Glenelg are being subsided as a result of climate change and a relative sea level rise of one to two millimetres per year has been recorded for Glenelg. “As a result of the loss of sand from the seabed, the level of the seabed has steadily become up to one metre deeper and the wave energy reaching our beaches has increased.” (Adelaide’s Living Beaches Strategies,
Coastal erosion is the wearing away of land and the removal of beach or dune sediments by
Sand nourishment refers to the replacement of sediment on beaches that has previously been lost, generally through natural processes. It is a commonly used practice in coastal management. Collaroy Beach uses sand nourishment as longshore drift has moved sand, which cannot be replenished as there are rock formations preventing sediment from refilling the beach. Collaroy Beach also does not have an established dune system, and cannot trap sand.
The Year 10 geography field trip was an insightful experience into the workings and functioning of metropolitan coastlines here in South Australia. The day consisted of visiting various beaches in Adelaide that were influenced by some form of hard or soft engineering techniques that changed the natural processes of the beaches. What was evident from this trip was how much these beaches have been changed to an extent where it is unlikely that they will ever go back to the way they were prior to human settlement.
This investigation will be exploring whether the movement of pebbles, shingle, shells and other materials found on the beach have impacted on the shape and structure of Newhaven beach and Castlehead Cliff. One of the key processes this investigation will focus on is that of long shore drift caused by strong prevailing winds, prevailing wind is the direction from which the wind usually blows. Cliffs are made from mainly two materials, chalk which is at the bottom and sand and clay at the top. If cliffs are facing the direction of prevailing wind it may lead in high rates of cliff
Longshore drift is movement of sediment along the coastline. The prevailing wind blows waves carrying sediment into the beach at an angle, the waves break on the shore and as the water runs back into the sea it carries the sediment back down the beach, perpendicular to the angle. This will lead to a zigzag motion (/\/\/\/\/) as
At Nudgee Beach, erosion was found to have occurred on the edges of the mangrove forest and along the mudflat shorelines. Erosion is typically influenced by natural factors and occurs when pieces of weathered rock or soil are moved – typically by wind and water – from one place to another. Shorelines with lots of sediment and sand are more inclined to be effected by erosional progression. Erosion may also be provoked and accelerated by human interference. For example, if the decision to clear trees and plants from an area is made, erosion is likely to occur as the root systems of plants work to hold the soil in place. If these root systems are removed and erosion does occur, environmental conditions – such as; landslides and flooding – are more likely to take place. Erosion may also cause other plants to tip over, have their underground roots exposed and damaged and contribute to the pollution of local waters; as a result of mud and soil runoff [26]. Erosion at Nudgee Beach was likely to have been influenced by natural factors; however, the development and extension of the Kedron Brook golfing course may contribute to the acceleration of erosional processes and further damage the mangrove
Thusly, chronic coastal erosion is beginning to become a huge problem along a majority of the U.S. coast, exclusively on Hawaiian Islands (Romine and Fletcher, 2013). “Kona” storms, with southerly winds and waves, can trigger momentary erosional events to south and west exposed beaches on the coast (Romine and Fletcher, 2013). Erosional events are undoubtedly proving to control most shoreline changes throughout the state Hawaii, let alone Kauai. Romine and Fletcher’s studies of historical shorelines on major Hawaiian Islands, including Kauai, have proven that shoreline changes on the islands are displaying a dominant trend of being caused by erosion (2013) on the leeward and windward sides of the
There are 2 types of beaches. One is erosion dominant and the other is deposition
tides. There are also many programs which help to ensure the stabilization of dunes, these include the planting of new vegetation to combat erosion, fencing and designated
The topic I have chosen for the assignment is the human impacts that are placed on the beaches and coast of Warrnambool, namely areas around the Merri Island Sanctuary. This also incorporates locations including Stingray bay, the breakwater, Shelly beach and Middle Island.
Long Island is famous for its sandy ocean beaches. Between the barrier beach and the main coast is the Great South Bay. The beaches and dunes have very different characteristics. The sandy beach is the junction of land and ocean. The sandy beach consists of two zones, the swash zone and the drift line. The swash zone is the area of wet sand, caused by the incoming wave. The drift line is formed by the dead seaweed and other aquatic plants. Behind the sandy beach is the primary dune. The primary dune's main function is to absorb the force of the ocean and protect the great south bay and the island's main coast. In some cases secondary dunes form. These dunes are behind the primary dune and are therefor protected from the ocean. This provides the stability necessary for plant growth. Many time a maritime forests will form on secondary dunes.
Humans have adversely affected the South Port sand dunes particularly the biophysical processes occurring in the accretion cycle and on the flora and fauna in the biosphere. People, especially boot campers, are walking or running in the wrong areas causing cliff faces to gradually collapse. There are also people camping in areas that there should not be campers, council has had to remove tents and mattresses as a consequence. (Jock Conlon, 2017)
The erosion of shorelines is a natural process that can have beneficial or adverse impacts on the creation and maintenance of habitats. Sands and gravels eroded from the shores of coastal bays maintain the beach as a natural barrier between the open water and coastal wetlands. Beaches move back and forth onshore, offshore and along shore with changing wave conditions. The finer-grained silts and clays derived from the erosion of shorelines are sorted and carried as far as the waters of wetlands or tidal flats, where benefits are derived from addition of the new material. However, excessively high sediment loads can smother submerged aquatic vegetation beds, cover shellfish beds and tidal flats, fill in riffle