19. For the helix in double-stranded B-form DNA, the majority of the stability of the DNA can be attributed to: A. base-pairing interactions via H-bonds. B. interactions along the phosphate backbone. C. base-stacking interactions via van-der-Waals interactions. D. covalent bonds between adjacent bases in one strand. E. ionic interactions with metal ions.
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- "Five prime to three prime" description of a DNA strand refers to: A. the phosphodiester backbone of DNA. B. the phosphorylated 5' carbon at one end, the 3' at the other end. C. the phosphorylated 5' carbon on one sugar and the 3' carbon on the next sugar. D. the location of the hydroxyl groups. KM of a Michaelis–Menten is proportional to: A. The concentration of the ES complex B. The concentration of the substrate C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B1. It is a large complex ribonucleoprotein particle that chemically modifies the pre mRNA strand by the removal of introns 2. This is a linkage between paired bases in the secondary DNA structure 3. It refers to the linkage between 2 nucleotides in the DNA molecule 4. Give the range of the number of nucleotides present in a single protein molecule 5. Identify the number of bases included in the nucleosome 6. It is an enzyme that cuts the bacterial plasmid at its cleavage siteMuch of the stability of the double-stranded DNA structure is the result of.... A. the angle of the planes of the bases with respect to the helix axis.B. the phosphodiester backbone.C. hydrogen bonding between purines. D. the stacking interactions between base pair. E. Both C and D
- 1. When DNA replicates, how is it able to “unwind” its double helix? 2. Instead of the term “Formation of a nucleoside”, what could the name of the reaction be? What functional group is being formed? 3. Define the primary structure of DNA/RNA. Compare and contrast to the primary structure of proteins.Indicate whether each of the following statements about the double-helix secondary structure of DNA is true or false. a. The two polynucleotide strands are complementary rather than identical. b. Bases present extend outward from the double helix. c. Covalent bonding occurs between the two polynucleotide strands. d. The two polynucleotide strands run in the 5′-to-3′ direction13. The monomer of a nucleic acid? polymer of a nucleic acid? 14. What two main functions do nucleic acids have? а. b. 15. What are the three parts that make up a nucleotide? а. Draw a basic nucleotide. b. с. 16. What kind of bond holds the two strands of a DNA double helix together?
- 4. The base content of a particular DNA molecule is 24% G. What is the percentage of the following bases in the molecule? %A: 5. What is the structural difference between the pentose sugars in DNA and RNA? % T: % C: 6. Why is the AT base pair less stable than the GC base pair?DNA contains many hydrogen bonds. Are hydrogen bonds stronger or weaker than covalent bonds? What are the consequences of this difference in strength?The best definition of an endonuclease is that it hydrolyzes A. nucleotide from only the 3' -end of an oligonucleotide . B. nucleotide from either terminal of an oligonucleotide. C. phosphodiester bond located in the interior of a polynucleotide . D. bond only in a specific sequence of nucleotides. E. bond that is distal co the base chat occupies the 5' position of the bond
- 1. Which of the following rules apply to the synthesis of nucleic acids? A. Nucleotides are added to the 5' end of nucleic acids. B. Complementary pairing between bases is required for copying nucleic acids. C. The synthesis of nucleic acids cannot occur without the presence of an enzyme to catalyze the reaction. D. Strands are synthesized in a parallel direction such that one end of the double-stranded product has the 3' ends and other has the 5' ends. 2. Why does it take three turns of the Calvin cycle to produce G3P, the initial product of photosynthesis? A. To produce RuBisCo as an end product. B. To fix enough oxygen to export one G3P molecule. C. To fix enough carbon to export one G3P molecule. D. To produce ATP and NADPH for fixation of G3P. 3. For protein synthesis, an amino acid needs to be attached by its _ group to the _ of the tRNA molecule. A. A. Amino; phosphoryl group on the 5'-end. B. Carboxyl; hydroxyl group on the 3'-end. C. Carboxyl; hydroxyl group on the 5'-end. D.…Which of the following are shared properties of DNA and RNA three-dimensional structure formation? Select one or more: a. Single strands can form complex structures with catalytic activity b. Purines generally pair with pyrimidines c. Palindromic sequences result can result in the formation of hairpin or cruciform structures d. The most stable form for a random sequence is known as B form e. The formation of a structure involves the bonding of complementary sequencesWhich of the following substances is involved in de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides but not pyrimidine nucleotides () A, glutamine B, glutamate C, aspartic acid D, glycine What is wrong with the statement about the B-type DNA double helix model is that () A, the base plane and the pentose plane are perpendicular to each other B. The base plane is located outside the helix C. The two chains are stabilized by interbase hydrogen bonding D. is a right-handed spiral structure The enzymes in common with the following enzymes that catalyze glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are () A, hexokinase B, phosphoglycerate kinase C, 1, 6-2p-fructokinase and D, pyruvate kinase Which of the following enzyme catalyzed reactions does not involve the production or consumption of carbon dioxide () A, pyruvate carboxylase B, isocitrate dehydrogenase C, 6-P-gluconate dehydrogenase and D, succinate dehydrogenase