Optical tweezers use light from a laser to move single atoms and molecules around. Suppose the intensity of light from the tweezers is 1000 W/m2, the same as the intensity of sunlight at the surface of the Earth. (a) What is the pressure on an atom if light from the tweezers is totally absorbed? Pa(b) If this pressure were exerted on a tritium atom, what would be its acceleration? (The mass of a tritium atom is 5.01 ✕ 10−27 kg. Assume the cross-sectional area of the laser beam is 6.65 ✕ 10−29 m2.) m/s2

Optical tweezers use light from a laser to move single atoms and molecules around. Suppose the intensity of light from the tweezers is 1000 W/m2, the same as the intensity of sunlight at the surface of the Earth. (a) What is the pressure on an atom if light from the tweezers is totally absorbed? Pa(b) If this pressure were exerted on a tritium atom, what would be its acceleration? (The mass of a tritium atom is 5.01 ✕ 10−27 kg. Assume the cross-sectional area of the laser beam is 6.65 ✕ 10−29 m2.) m/s2

University Physics Volume 3

17th Edition

ISBN:9781938168185

Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny

Publisher:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny

Chapter6: Photons And Matter Waves

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 58P: The tungsten elements of incandescent light bulbs operate at 3200 K. At what frequency does the...

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Optical tweezers use light from a laser to move single atoms and molecules around. Suppose the intensity of light from the tweezers is 1000 W/m², the same as the intensity of sunlight at the surface of the Earth. (a) What is the pressure on an atom if light from the tweezers is totally absorbed? Pa (b) If this pressure were exerted on a tritium atom, what would be its acceleration? (The mass of a tritium atom is 5.01 x 107 -27 kg. Assume the cross-sectional area of the laser beam is 6.65 x 10-2⁹ m².) m/s²
Optical tweezers use light from a laser to move single atoms and molecules around. Suppose the intensity of light from the tweezers is 1000 W/m², the same as the intensity of sunlight at the surface of the Earth. (a) What is the pressure on an atom if light from the tweezers is totally absorbed? Pa (b) If this pressure were exerted on a helium atom, what would be its acceleration? (The mass of a helium atom is 6.65 x 10-27 kg. Assume the cross-sectional area of the laser beam is 6.65 x 10-29 m².) m/s2
Large quantities of dust should have been left behind after the creation of the solar system. Larger dust particles, comparable in size to soot and sand grains, are common. They create shooting stars when they collide with the earth's atmosphere. But very small dust particles are conspicuously absent. Astronomers believe that the very small dust particles have been blown out of the solar system by the sun. By comparing the forces on dust particles, determine the diameter of the smallest dust particles that can remain in the solar system over long periods of time. Assume that the dust particles are spherical, black, and have a density of 2000kg/m^3. The sun emits electromagnetic radiation with a power of 3.9×10^26W.
The intensity of sunlight is around 1330 W/m2 at the top of earth’s atmosphere. If the sunlight is all absorbed, what is the force on the earth from sunlight?
One of the highest power lasers in the world sits on a table. It emits pulses that last approximately 16 fs, and contain 103 mJ of energy. "fs" indicates a femtosecond, which is 10-15 seconds. a) What is the average power associated with a single pulse? b) What is the physical length of this pulse? c) When the beam exits the laser, it is approximately 30 mm in diameter. Molecules begin to ionize when applied electric fields reach approximately 8.680e+09 V/m. To what diameter must the beam be focused to reach this electric field strength?
The wavelength 10.0 mm is in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, whereas 600 nm is in the visible region and 100 nm is in the ultraviolet. What is the temperature of an ideal blackbody for which the peak wavelength lm is equal to each of these wavelengths?
Problem: Radiation Related The energy flux associated with solar radiation incident on the outer surface of the earth's atmosphere has been accurately measured and is known to be 1,368 W/m^2. The diameters of the sun and earth are 1.39 X 10^9 and 1.27 x 10^7 m, respectively, and the distance between the sun and the earth is 1.5 × 10^11 m. (a) What is the emissive power of the sun? (b) Approximating the sun's surface as black, what is its temperature? (c) At what wavelength is the spectral emissive power of the sun a maximum? (d) Assuming the earth's surface to be black and the sun to be the only source of energy for the earth, estimate the earth's surface temperature.
A possible means of space flight is to place a perfectly reflecting aluminized sheet into orbit around the Earth and then use the light from the Sun to push this "solar sail." Suppose a sail of area A = 5.20 ✕ 105 m2 and mass m = 6,800 kg is placed in orbit facing the Sun. Ignore all gravitational effects and assume a solar intensity of 1,370 W/m2. (d) What If? If the solar sail were initially in Earth orbit at an altitude of 300 km, show that a sail of this mass density could not escape Earth's gravitational pull regardless of size. (Calculate the magnitude of the gravitational field in m/s2.) m/s2 (e) What would the mass density (in kg/m2) of the solar sail have to be for the solar sail to attain the same initial acceleration as that in part (b)? kg/m2
Sunlight reaches the ground with an intensity of about 1.0 kW/m2 . A sunbather has a body surface area of 0.8 m2 facing the sun while reclining on a beach chair on a clear day. (a) how much energy from direct sunlight reaches the sunbather’s skin per second? (b) What pressure does the sunlight exert if it is absorbed?
2. (a) The temperature in an auditorium is given by1 =x+y°-z A mosquito located at (1, 1, 2) in the auditorium desires to fly in such a direction that it will get warm as soon as possible. In what direction must it fly? (b) (By applying Stokes Theorem; from the differential form of Ampere-Maxwell law, prove that $ H.dl=I+Ip.
The average intensity of sunlight on Earth’s surface is about 1000 ? ?2 ⁄ a. Calculate the solar panel area if the amount of energy that falls on it in 10 hours is 3 × 1012J.b. What intensity would such sunlight have if concentrated by a magnifying glass onto an area 100 times smaller than its own?
A possible means of space flight is to place a perfectly reflecting aluminized sheet into orbit around the Earth and then use the light from the Sun to push this "solar sail." Suppose a sail of area A = 6.40 ✕ 105 m2 and mass m = 4,900 kg is placed in orbit facing the Sun. Ignore all gravitational effects and assume a solar intensity of 1,370 W/m2. A) If the solar sail were initially in Earth orbit at an altitude of 360 km, show that a sail of this mass density could not escape Earth's gravitational pull regardless of size. (Calculate the magnitude of the gravitational field in m/s2.) B) What would the mass density (in kg/m2) of the solar sail have to be for the solar sail to attain the same initial acceleration of 1193 µm/s2.