Qualitative Tests for Carbohydrates: Sugar Solution Glucose Sucrose Lactose COLOR OBSERVED Molisch's Moore's Benedict's Test Test Test Fehling's Seliwanoff's Test Test
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- DIFFERENCE AMYLOSE AMYLOPECTIN Structure Mol Size Degree of branching IODINE TEST INDICATION Solubility in H20 RATIOC. Mucic Acid Test for Galactose and Lactose Galactose, on being oxidized with HNO3 forms mucic acid, an isomer of saccharic acid. Mucic is insoluble andforms characteristic sandy crystals which serve to identify galactose. Examine the crystals under the microscope. Describe the appearance of a few typical crystals.Nutrient Function Deficency Symptoms Toxicity Symptom Fluoride Chloride Iodine Magnesium Phosphorus Potassium Sodium Chloride Iodine Magnesium Phosphorus Potassium Sodium
- Reagents: 8 ml conc. Sulfuric acid, 1.5 ml alpha naphthol, 1 ml iodine in KI, 4 ml conc. HNO3, 4 ml Seliwanoff’s reagent, 3 ml Bial’s-orcinol reagent, SAMPLE: 5% of lactose, sucrose, glucose, galactose, fructose, maltose, starch and xylose ( 10 ml each) Materials: 12 test tubes 20 ml, test tube rack, test tube brush, test tube holder, alcohol lamp, tripod, wire gauze, water bath, (10 ml) graduated cylinder, dropper, stirring rod, 3 droppers, 250 ml beaker Procedure: 1. Molisch Test – (use all 8 samples) Place 1 ml of each sample in different test tubes. Add 1 drops of alpha napthol reagent in each tube. Mix thoroughly. Incline the tube and CAREFULLY allow 1 ml of conc. H2SO4 to flow down the side of the tube. Note the color formed at the zone of contact between 2 liquids. 2. Iodine Test – ( use all 8 samples) place 1 ml of the sample in a test tube. Add a drop of iodine. Observed color produced. Heat (direct heating) and note change in color. Cool and record again the result.…Based on this video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKng5-ij6kQ Provide a schematic diagram for the Barfoed’s, test methodologies in determining the presence of carbohydrates. Also, give the basic principle for the test.Based on this video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKng5-ij6kQ Provide a schematic diagram for the Molish ’s test methodologies in determining the presence of carbohydrates. Also, give the basic principle for the test.
- Based on this video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKng5-ij6kQ Provide a schematic diagram for the Barfoed’s test methodologies in determining the presence of carbohydrates. Also, give the basic principle for the test. (not a graded question, video is very brief)BARFOED’S TEST FOR MONOSACCHARIDESPlace 1 mL (20 drops) of each 1% carbohydrates solution in separate test tubes. Prepare a control with 1 mL water. Add 4 mL Barfoed’s reagent. Place the test tubes in boiling water bath for 10 minutes. Remove the test tubes and cool in cold water. Record your observations. A precipitate of cuprous oxide which may be green to red, indicates that a monosaccharide is present. Record your result and conclusion. Identify the compounds that are monosaccharides. SELIWANOFF’S TEST FOR KETOHEXOSESPlace 5 drops of 2% carbohydrate solution in separate test tubes. Prepare a control with 5 drops water. Add 1 mL of Seliwanoff’s reagent to each test tubes and heat. Record your results. The rapid formation of a bright red indicates that a ketohexose is present. Identify the compounds that are ketohexoses. IODINE TESTS FOR POLYSACCHARIDESPlace 2 mL of each carbohydrate solution in separate test tubes. Prepare a control with 2 mL of water. Add 1 drop of iodine solution…I. True or False. Write the word “reducing” if the statement is correct, otherwise write “non-reducing”. ____________1] Mutarotation affects the reducing property of carbohydrates. ____________2] Anthrone test can be use to test for the helical configuration of a polysaccharide. ____________3] Upon treatment with phenylhydrazine reagent & hydrolysis, maltose gives glucuronic acid and glucosazone. ____________4] Xylose gives a positive result with Molisch’s, Seliwanoff’s, & Bial’s-Orcinol tests. ____________5] Aniline-acid oxalate can be use as a mobile phase for the development of the chromatogram. ____________6] Ethanol (95%) & 10% TCA are used to precipitate glycogen from the solution. ____________7] Salivary amylase can be use to hydrolyze 1,4 glycosidic bonds of cellulose. ____________8] Lobry de Bruyn-van Ekenstein Transformation take place when a sugar is treated with a strongly basic reagent. ____________9] Ribulose yields 5-hydroxymethylfurfural upon treatment with…
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