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- Construct a cladogram that provides one hypothesis about the evolutionary history for these 6 taxa. Be sure to map each of the character states for every taxon represented in the character matrix. See tips below to help get you started. You can insert a photo of a hand drawn cladogram or create one on your device. Keep in mind that cladograms are hypotheses, there are many different cladograms that can be constructed. a) Which characteristics were identified as homoplasies on your cladogram? b)Study the diagrams below. The diagrams represent four possible phylogenetic trees showing the relationship between the four species: M, L, S, and R. B A M LS R M LR +d \t R SML RM S tota -444 What is the plausible explanation for the appearance of autapomorphic character c in species L and S of tree A although they do not share a most recent common ancestor?Construct a cladogram that provides one hypothesis about the evolutionary history for these 6 taxa. Be sure to map each of the character states for every taxon represented in the character matrix. See tips below to help get you started. You can insert a photo of a hand drawn cladogram or create one on your device. Keep in mind that cladograms are hypotheses, there are many different cladograms that can be constructed. a) Which characteristics were identified as homoplasies on your cladogram? b) Now that your tree has been constructed, how confident do you feel in your hypothesis and why?
- Study the sequences below. Construct a molecular cladogram from the different amino acid sequences given. Assume that the sequences are already compared between species and have been aligned as shown. Species 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ACT G G C G AT C G 1 2 3 4 5 A C A G ACT G C G C G C T T C G T T C G T C G C A T C G T A C G A C G A C T G C C G T T C G C A T C G T A C G A C T G GAA C G GATC GA C G A T C G C A T C G т A C GUse the table of derived characters below for 7 different organisms and construct a cladogram that represents this data. The characters should be placed along the diagonal line, and the organisms should be listed above the vertical lines. Derived Characters segmented jaws hair placentamulticellular limbs |kangaroo earthworm amoeba lizard cat sponge salmon + 1. 3 -F AzraCHARACTERS 1 2 3 4 5 SPECIES A 0 0 1 0 0 B 1 0 1 0 1 C 1 0 1 1 0 D 1 1 1 0 1 Use the cladistic approach (using parsimony) to draw the tree that derives from the same data matrix above. Map both the species and the traits to your tree.
- AsapBased on the information from the following table and the provided phylogenetic tree, what kind of species classification is shown? A B C D E F G H 1 J K L M N O Form of Male Genitalia 1 1 L L L L L L L L L L L L L r T Pits) or Tubercles E P P T T T T T P P P P P Р P P O Phenetic Species Concept O Blological Species Concept O Phylogenetic Species Concept O Sympatric Species Concept Blayple (OUTGROUP) beaver Dan, AZ -Twentynine Paime, CA -Harkavilla, UT D-Chilchinbio, NM -Vermilion Cas. AZ 64 -F-Mone Lake, CA -G-Coral Pink Danes, UT H-Pyramid Lake, N -Crescent Dunes, MV Meno Lake CA -K-Olancha CA -Olancha, CA --Winnemucca, NV -El Mirage, CA Lo-Dumont Dunes, CA Form of dorsal ridges M₁ M₁ FFFFFFFFFF M Ma M₂ M₂Use the following matrix to create a phylogenetic tree showing the relationship of the species. Mark the position of species and traits on your tree. +: is to represent the presence of the traits -: is to represent the absence of the traits
- Identify what is being described by each of the following statements. Write your best answer on the blank provided before the item. 1) Figure 20 shows that the European otter (Lutra lutra) and the American badger (Taxidea taxus) belong to the same group through a common ancestor. In cladistics, what is such a grouping called? 2) This refers to a treelike diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships of species based on derived characters. 3) In cladistics, this refers to a characteristic that is not found in the common ancestor of a group of organisms being studied. 4) Vertebrate skeletons perform the same basic function, are made up of the same materials and are composed of the same parts. This kind of skeletal organization is believed to be inherited from and originated by a common vertebrate ancestor. What are characteristics such as the organization of the vertebrate skeleton called? 1 5) These are biological molecules, such as DNA or a protein, whose rate of evolution can be…On the cladogram below, the letters indicate nodes and characters. What is the most recent common ancestor of taxa 3 and 7? (You can type either an upper-case or lower-case letter. Either is acceptable.) Таxon 1 Тахon 2 B. D Тахon 3 Таxon 4 Таxon 5 P E. Тахon 6 Тахon 7 G Таxon 8 Тахon 9 M Taxon 10 Таxon 11 Taxon 12 Taxon 13 NUse the DNA-DNA hybridization data from species A, B, C, D, and E showing the % difference in DNA between each species to answer the question that follows: D E C Species B A 4 3 3 2 X 4 3 3 B X 2 4 1 C 3 X 3 4 X D 3 1 3 X 4 E 4 4 4 23. Which of the following phylogenetic trees correctly illustrates the relationships between species A, B, C, D, and E? (assume that the letters run in sequence A-B-C-D-E at the ends of the branches) a. b. C. ABCDE ABCDE A B C D E V NY VV ABCDE 30+30+30+30)