Substance X is known to exist at 1 atm in the solid, liquid, or vapor phase, depending on the temperature. Additionally, the values of these other properties of X have been determined: melting point 80. °C boiling point 125. °C enthalpy of fusion 7.00 kJ/mol enthalpy of vaporization 21.00 kJ/mol 2.20 g/cm³ (solid) density 1.60 g/mL (liquid) 34. J.K-1 'mol (solid) 1 heat capacity 24. J.Kmol 1 (liquid) 1 57. J.Kmol (vapor) You may also assume X behaves as an ideal gas in the vapor phase. Suppose a small sample of X at 50 °C is put into an evacuated flask and heated at a constant rate until 10.0 kJ/mol of heat has been added to the sample. Graph the temperature of the sample that would be observed during this experiment. temperature (°c) 150- 140- 130- 120- 110- 100+ 90- 80- 70- 60- 50- 0 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 heat added (kJ/mol) G

Substance X is known to exist at 1 atm in the solid, liquid, or vapor phase, depending on the temperature. Additionally, the values of these other properties of X have been determined: melting point 80. °C boiling point 125. °C enthalpy of fusion 7.00 kJ/mol enthalpy of vaporization 21.00 kJ/mol 2.20 g/cm³ (solid) density 1.60 g/mL (liquid) 34. J.K-1 'mol (solid) 1 heat capacity 24. J.Kmol 1 (liquid) 1 57. J.Kmol (vapor) You may also assume X behaves as an ideal gas in the vapor phase. Suppose a small sample of X at 50 °C is put into an evacuated flask and heated at a constant rate until 10.0 kJ/mol of heat has been added to the sample. Graph the temperature of the sample that would be observed during this experiment. temperature (°c) 150- 140- 130- 120- 110- 100+ 90- 80- 70- 60- 50- 0 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 heat added (kJ/mol) G

Chemistry: Principles and Practice

3rd Edition

ISBN:9780534420123

Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer

Publisher:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer

Chapter11: Liquids And Solids

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11.95QE: A 1.50-g sample of methanol (CH3OH) is placed in an evacuated 1.00-L container at 30 C. (a)...

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8.87 Use the vapor pressure curves illustrated here to answer the questions that follow. (a) What is the vapor pressure of ethanol (C2H5OH) at 60°C? (b) Considering only carbon disulfide (CS2) and ethanol, which has the stranger intermolecular forces in the liquid state? (c) At what temperature does heptane (C7H16) have a vapor pressure of 500 mm Hg? (d) What are the approximate normal boiling pains of each of the three substances? (e) At a pressure of 400 mm Hg and a temperature of 70°C, is each substance a liquid, a gas, or a mixture of liquid and gas?
A 1.50-g sample of methanol (CH3OH) is placed in an evacuated 1.00-L container at 30 C. (a) Calculate the pressure in the container if all of the methanol is vaporized. (Assume the ideal gas law, PV = nRT.) (b) The vapor pressure of methanol at 30 C is 158 torr. What mass of methanol actually evaporates? Is liquid in equilibrium with vapor in the vessel?
8.48 Why must the vapor pressure of a substance be measured only after dynamic equilibrium is established?
Referring to Figure 9.7, state what phase(s) is (are) present at (a) 1 atm, 10C. (b) 3 mm Hg, 20C. (c) 1000 mm Hg, 75C.
Referring to Figure 9.7, state what phase(s) is/are present at (a) 1 atm, 100C. (b) 0.5 atm, 100C.(c) 0.8 atm. 50C.
The following data are the equilibrium vapor pressure of limonene, C10H16, at various temperatures. (Limonene is used as a scent in commercial products.) (a) Plot these data as ln P versus 1/T so that you have a graph resembling the one in Figure 11.13. (b) At what temperature does the liquid have an equilibrium vapor pressure of 250 mm Hg? At what temperature is it 650 mm Hg? (c) What is the normal boiling point of limonene? (d) Calculate the molar enthalpy of vaporization for limonene using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.
Define critical temperature and critical pressure. In terms of the kinetic molecular theory, why is it impossible for a substance to exist as a liquid above its critical temperature?
Dichloromethane, CH2Cl2,is widely used as a degreaser and paint stripper. Its vapor pressure is 381.0 mm Hg at 21.9C and 465.8 mm Hg at 26.90C. Estimate (a) its heat of vaporization (Hvap). (b) its normal boiling point.
The vapor pressure of ethanol, C2H5OH, at 50.0 C is 233 mmHg, and its normal boiling point at 1 atm is 78.3 C. Calculate the vapH of ethanol.
The molar heat of fusion of sodium metal is 2.60 kJ/mol, whereas its heat of vaporization is 97.0 kJ/mol. a. Why is the heat of vaporization so much larger than the heat of fusion? b. What quantity of heat would be needed to melt 1.00 g sodium at its normal melting point? c. What quantity of heat would be needed to vaporize 1.00 g sodium at its normal boiling point? d. What quantity of heat would be evolved if 1.00 g sodium vapor condensed at its normal boiling point?