The impacts on fire regimes in the US is strongly correlated with the change in priority given to cultural, regulating, provisioning and supporting ecosystem services. A. How did those priorities change? explain using examples B. What did that change in priority do to fire regimes present and future? C. will the changes in fire regimes benefit fire dependent or fire tolerant species? explain your reasoning, use examples
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- If in 20 years from now policy makers are finally creating a bill to reduce the impacts of climate change and ensure that there are no serious consequences in the next 100 years, which type of response should they put in the bill? a. adaptation is the single most important response to climate change b. mitigation should be at the forefront, but adaptation will be inevitable c. mitigation and geoengineering together will allow us to avoid the need for adaptation d. by that time, geoengineering will inevitably be at the forefrontA conservation biologist has been asked to explain why it is important to protect biodiversity. She would list all of the following reasons except for which one? A. Humans are dependent on many species for food, medicines, fiber, and other necessities. B. Biodiversity can be exploited indefinitely for the profit of humans. C. Other species have inherent value and humans have a moral obligation to protect them. D. Biodiverse ecosystems provide ecosystem services that sustain all life on Earth. E. Biodiversity provides emotional and physical health benefits by providing places for humans to visit for wonder, insight, and exercise.In the Copenhagen Accord agreement, President Obama among other world leaders were able to finally define the term “dangerous anthropogenic interference” which was first utilized at the Framework Convention. How was the level of danger defined in the Copenhagen Accord? a. global temperatures rising more than 2°C b. CO2 concentrations reaching 500 ppm c. sea level rising more than 50 cm d. Arctic sea ice decreasing by 25%
- At any point in time, a number of environmental objectives must be met with a limited amount of economic resources. This means that once an environmental problem is identified, they have to be prioritized. In general, this is done using scientific valuation of the relative risk to human health and the ecology of a given environmental hazard - a procedure known as: A. Biodiversity B. Public Goods C. Risk Assessment D. Profit maximizationIn landscape ecology, the matrix is the area surrounding a habitat patch. The matrix can affect a species living in the habitat patch by altering: O A. Dispersal between patches B. The availability of resources C. The abiotic environment in patches D. Our appreciation of Keanu Reeves' acting skills E. A, B and C are correctThe Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services published a report in 2019 that described several negative effects that humans have had on biodiversity and ecosystem services. They highlighted and ranked five drivers of these negative effects. Which of the following has had the greatest overall impact on biodiversity and ecosystem services? A. Pollution B. Direct exploitation of organisms C. Invasive species D. Climate change E. Changes in land use and sea use
- Anthropogenic Land-use. A. Human activity engineers landscapes into a highly heterogenous environments which according to the biodiversity global patterns (specie area curves) should drive up the number of species present in that landscape. Explain why this is not the case in human dominated landscapes. B. How does fragmentation drive decision making in land conservation? is there a better approach, over others, for anthropogenic landscapes? (hint -SLOSS) C. Why do mainland (continental islands) generally support greater diversity than oceanic islands? reason your opinion.Habitat fragmentation results from human activities that change large blocks of landscape, leading to many negative effects on species and ecosystems. Which of the following is not one of the possible consequences of fragmentation? A. reduction of available habitat O B. increasing degradation of habitat patches C. increasing wind speeds and temperatures at patch edges D. spatial isolation of patches E. increase in top predators present in patchesDetermine if each statement is correct or incorrect: 1. Ecosystems with fewer numbers of species tend to be less stable. 2. Increasing numbers of species lead to more redundancy which is bad for the ecosystem. 3. More species mean more niche separation. 4. Species with a low resistance will also have low resilience. 5. Disturbances to ecosystems can be both naturally occurring and human caused. 6. Stresses to ecosystems are useful for removing weaker species and ensuring the strongest survive. 7. Bringing non-native species into an area to increase biodiversity makes the ecosystem more stable.
- Plants, bison, elk, and wolves are all members of an ecosystem. The bison and elk are both primary consumers in this ecosystem, while the wolves are a predator. Over time, the bison completely disappear. Give an example of how the ecosystem may respond to this change, and explain how this relates to both resiliency and biodiversity?Assuming all other factors are equal, which statement about the success of core natural areas as a conservation measure is false? OA. Areas with compact shapes are superior to areas with less compact shapes. B. One large reserve is superior to a few small reserves with the same total area. C. Several reserves far apart are superior to the same number of reserves close together. O D. Reserves connected by habitat corridors are superior to unconnected reserves. Areas encompassing a range of vegetation types are superior to those with a uniform composition. E.0 A.) Benefits humans receive from ecosystem processes minimum viable population size need to identify and support (e) Conservation biology seeks to conserve may involve ecosystems and landscapes may be protected in nature reserves attempt to restore may be (d) (b) B. the monetary value of a product which uses restoratio n projects which support sustainable development (c) to detoxify or replenish degraded ecosystems