Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251052
Author: Michael Cummings
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 1.3, Problem 1EG
Ancient societies used knowledge that traits are heritable in domesticating animals and developing agricultural crops. What might account for the failure to recognize that the same processes operate in humans?
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following is an example of how genotype and environmental factors
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O a) Temperature-senitive mutations
O b) Nutritional factors resulting in epigenetic modification of genes
c) Sex-influenced inheritance
O d) Both A and B
O e) Both A and C
Most sheep have the ability to grow coats of wool that vary in their thickness depending on the
ambient temperatures that they experience. This is an aspect of phenotypic plasticity, variability in
the phenotype that can be triggered by the experiences of the organism. When referring to a
sheep that has grown more wool in a cold climate than its parents living in a warm one, what term
best describes this? (NOTE: look back at chapter 25, if you are having trouble remembering)
O Adaptation
Intersexual selection
Intrasexual selection
Acclimitization
Gene Fixation
Albinism occupied a special place in the Hopi culture; individuals who possessed this trait were valued by members of the tribe. What are some examples of genetic traits that, in contrast, sometimes result in discrimination and prejudice?
Chapter 1 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 1.3 - Ancient societies used knowledge that traits are...Ch. 1.3 - Why do unrelated children with a disorder such as...Ch. 1 - Mary and Marcie. identical twins, go to the same...Ch. 1 - Summarize Mendels conclusions about traits and how...Ch. 1 - What is population genetics?Ch. 1 - What is hereditarianism, and what is the invalid...Ch. 1 - What impact has recombinant DNA technology had on...Ch. 1 - Prob. 5QPCh. 1 - Prob. 6QPCh. 1 - In what way has biotechnology had an impact on...
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- One of the models for behavioral traits in humans involves a form of gene interaction known as epistasis. What is epistasis?arrow_forwardIN TRANSYLVANIA, SOME PEOPLE EXHIBIT TWO UNUSUAL TRAITS IN WHICH THEY HAVE VERY LONG FRONT TEETH AND THE INABILITY TO BE AWAKE WHEN THE SUN IS UP. BOTH OF THESE TRAITS APPEAR TO BE RECESSIVE. IF A WOMAN WHO IS HETEROZYGOUS FOR TEETH AND HOMOZYGOUS NORMAL FOR BEING IN THE SUN MARRIES A MAN WHO HAS BOTH THESE TRAITS, WHAT COULD BE THE PHENOTYPES AND GENOTYPES OF THEIR CHILDREN? USE A PUNNET SQUARE AND SHOW ALL WORK. LIST THE RATIOS FOR THE GENOTYPES AND PHENOTYPES.arrow_forward"In cattle, the allele that causes horns to grow is recessive. Another recessive allele causes the cows to grow abnormally large and muscular. These muscular cows are often called Belgian blue cows. If a cow that is heterozygous for both the horn and Belgian blue trait genes passes on the allele for growing horns to an offspring, what are the odds that the parent cow also passes on the allele for becoming very muscular to that offspring?" I know the answer is 50% but how do I get to this answer?arrow_forward
- The text explains that selective breeding involves breeding animals or plants for specific desirable traits. For example, humans bred different types of dogs to accomplish certain jobs. Farmers breed chickens for having meat and laying a greater amount of eggs. Cattle are often selectively bred either for more meat or for more milk production. The text also notes that breeding animals for size and strength interferes with natural animal processes. Based on this information presented in the text, who benefits from the traits different animals are bred for? a) humans breeding the animals b) the animals being bred by the humans c) both the humans breeding the animals and the animals being bred by the humans d) animals not being bred by humansarrow_forwardRed hair in humans is inherited as a recessive trait. Bill and Sarah both have black hair. They marry and have four children, three of whom have red hair. Bill says it isn’t genetically possible for two black haired people to have 34 red-haired children, and he accuses Sarah of infidelity. Sarah says Bill is a homozygous dominant idiot and knows nothing about genetics. Who is correct and why?arrow_forwardAlbinism in humans can be caused by mutations in any one of several different genes. This situation, in which the same phenotype may result from variation in several different genes, is referred to as genetic heterogeneity. Is genetic heterogeneity common? Are most genetic traits in humans the result of variation in a single gene, or are there many genetic traits that result from variation in several genes, as albinism does?arrow_forward
- Certainly, not all Muppets look like the one shown in the picture below, nor do they all look the same. In fact, there’s a great deal of phenotypic variation in Muppets. Two traits that have been particularly well-studied are curly hair presences and skin color. One individual is a male, and he possesses a green skin and no hair, whereas the female individual possess a curly hair and pink skin. Let’s call the gene controlling skin coloration S and that controlling hair H. In this species, both hair and green skin are recessive traits. Both of the individuals shown are homozygous. 1. What is the genotypes of Miss Piggy: 2. Kermit's Genotype: 3. If these two lovebirds (er, love-muppets?) mated, what would their offspring look like? Describe all phenotype combinations possible and the ratios in which they would occur?arrow_forwardA curious polymorphism in human populations has to do with the ability to curl up the sides of the tongue to make a trough (“tongue rolling”). Some people can do this trick, and others simply cannot. Hence, it is an example of a dimorphism. Its significance is a complete mystery. In one family, a boy was unable to roll his tongue but, to his great chagrin, his sister could. Furthermore, both his parents were rollers, and so were both grandfathers, one paternal uncle, and one paternal aunt. One paternal aunt, one paternal uncle, and one maternal uncle could not roll their tongues.a. Draw the pedigree for this family, defining your symbols clearly, and deduce the genotypes of as many individual members as possible.b. The pedigree that you drew is typical of the inheritance of tongue rolling and led geneticists to come up with the inheritance mechanism that no doubt you came up with. However, in a study of 33 pairs of identical twins, both members of 18 pairs could roll, neither member…arrow_forwardImagine that genetic technology advances to the point where the genetic profile of an individual can be easily obtained, and that we have a full understanding of how genes interact to influence our health. Based on this genetic information alone, how reliably do you think we would be able to predict a person's chance of getting a specific disease? Where do you think this type of genetic profiling would lead with respect to selection of offspring or genetic superiority?arrow_forward
- You are studying the genetics of a newly discovered small animal. You note that most of the population is black in colour but about 1/4 of them are white. You have determined that there is a gene (B) that produces an enzyme that converts a pigment molecule to produce the Black colour. There are 2 alleles of this gene - the dominant B and the recessive b. DNA analysis shows that black individuals have either a BB or Bb genotype and that white individuals have a bb phenotype. However, after extensive DNA analysis, you have discovered that a small percentage of White individuals have either a BB or Bb genotype. Describe two reasons (at a molecular level) that could explain this apparent anomaly. There wasn't a mistake in analysis! These individuals did have a BB or Bb genotype but a white phenotype.arrow_forwardwhat is the relationship between genes and traits expressed in individuals? a) gene code for DNA, which is primarily responsible for individual traits b) Gene code for proteins, which are primarily responsible for individual traits c) genes code for chromosomes, which are primarily responsible for individual traits d) gene codes for carbohydrates, which are primarily responsible for individual traitsarrow_forwardThe agouti gene determines coat colour in mice. Heterozygous mice have yellow coats, while homozygous dominant mice have black coats. However, having two copies of the recessive alleles is lethal. In a population of 2 000 mice, 1 082 mice have black coats. a) Calculate the frequency of each allele. Show all your work and express your answer as a value between 0 and 1 rounded to two decimal places. b) What percentage of the mouse population is expected to be carriers of the lethal allele? Show all your work and express your answer rounded to one decimal place. c) How many mice will die during fetal development? Show all your work and round your answer to the closest whole number.arrow_forward
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