For each reaction, indicate which elements are oxidized and which are reduced:
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Chemistry In Focus
- What is G for the following reaction? 2Br(aq)+Cl2(g)Br2(l)+2Cl(aq) Use data given in Table 19.1.arrow_forwardClassify each of the reactions according to one of the four reaction types summarized in Table 18.1. (a) C6H12O6(s) + 6 O2(g) 6 CO2(g) + 6 H2O() rH = 673 kj/mol-rxn rS = 60.4 j/K mol-rxn (b) MgO(s) + C(graphite) Mg(s) + CO(g) rH = 490.7 kJ/mol-rxn rS = 197.9 J/K mol-rxn TABLE 18.1 Predicting Whether a Reaction Will Be Spontaneous Under Standard Conditionsarrow_forwardOne of the few industrial-scale processes that produce organic compounds electrochemically is used by the Monsanto Company to produce1,4-dicyanobutane. The reduction reaction is 2CH2CHCH+2H++2eNC(CH2)4CN The NC(CH2)4CN is then chemically reduced using hydrogen gas to H2N(CH2)6NH2, which is used in the production of nylon. What current must be used to produce 150.kg NC(CH2)4CN per hour?arrow_forward
- Classify each of the reactions according to one of the four reaction types summarized in Table 18.1. (a) Fe2O3(s) + 2 Al(s) 2 Fe(s) + Al2O3(s) rH = 851.5 kj/mol-rxn rS = 375.2 J/K mol-rxn (b) N2(g) + 2 O2(g) 2 NO2(g) rH = 66.2 kJ/mol-rxn rS = 121.6 J/K mol-rxn TABLE 18.1 Predicting Whether a Reaction Will Be Spontaneous Under Standard Conditionsarrow_forwardNickel(II) sulfide, NiS, occurs naturally as the relatively rare mineral millerite. One of its occurrences is in meteorites. To analyze a mineral sample for the quantity of NiS, the sample is dissolved in nitric add to form a solution of Ni(NO3)2. NiS(s) + 4 HNO3(aq) Ni(NO3)2(aq) + 2 NO2(g) + 2 H2O(l) + S(s) The aqueous solution of Ni(NO3)2 is then reacted with the organic compound dimethylglyoxime (C4H8N2O2) to give the red solid Ni((C4H7N2O2)2. Ni(NO3)2(aq) + 2 (C4H8N2O2)(aq) Ni(C4H7N2O2)2 + 2 HNO3(aq) Suppose a 0.468-g sample containing millerite produces 0.206 g of red, solid Ni(C4H7N2O2)2 What is the mass percent of NiS in the sample?arrow_forwardConsider the reaction between oxygen (O2) gas and magnesium metal to form magnesium oxide. Using oxidation states, how many electrons would each oxygen atom gain, and how many electrons would each magnesium atom lose? How many magnesium atoms are needed to react with one oxygen molecule? Write a balanced equation for this reaction.arrow_forward
- The Toliens test for the presence of reducing sugars (say, in a urine sample) involves treating the sample with silver ions in aqueous ammonia. The result is the formation of a silver mirror within the reaction vessel if a reducing sugar is present. Using glucose, C6H12O6, to illustrate this test, the oxidation-reduction reaction occurring is C6H12O6 (aq) + 2 Ag+(aq) + 2OH(aq) C6H12O7(aq) + 2 Ag(s) + H2O() What has been oxidized, and what has been reduced? What is the oxidizing agent, and what is the reducing agent? Tolien's test. The reaction of silver ions with a sugar such as glucose produces metallic silver. (a) The set-up for the reaction. (b) The silvered test tubearrow_forwardThe Ostwald process for the commercial production of nitric acid involves the Following three steps: 4NH3(g)+5O2(g)4NO(g)+6H2O(s)2NO(g)+O2(g)2NO2(g)3NO2(g)+H2O(l)2HNO3(aq)+NO(g) a. Which reaction in the Ostwald process are oxidation-reduction reactions? b. Identify each oxidizing agent and reducing agent.arrow_forwardUsing Table 17.1, calculate E° for the reaction between (a) lead and silver nitrate ion to produce lead(II) nitrate. (b) oxygen and iron(II) ions to produce water and iron(III) ions. (c) sulfur and nitrogen oxide gas in basic solution to form nitrate and sulfide ions.arrow_forward
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