Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960060
Author: Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher: Cengage Learning
bartleby

Concept explainers

Question
Book Icon
Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether table sugar is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Table sugar is also known as sucrose. Sucrose on hydrolysis gives two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose which are linked through a glycosidic linkage. This shows that sucrose or table sugar is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is an example of monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip  1

Figure 1

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that there is no glycosidic linkage through which another carbohydrate is linked. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a monosaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 1 is an example of monosaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether starch is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Starch is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Starch is the polymeric form of D-glucose. Starch on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose which are linked by glycosidic linkage. Therefore, starch is a polysaccharide. Starch is present in plants.

Conclusion

Starch is an example of polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether fructose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Fructose is a monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Hydrolysis of sucrose produces glucose and fructose which do not undergo further hydrolysis. Therefore, fructose comes under the category of monosaccharide.

Conclusion

Fructose is an example of monosaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether cellulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Cellulose is a polymeric form of D-glucose because cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose as monosaccharide. Each glucose is linked with β1,4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of cellulose. Therefore, cellulose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip  2

Figure 2

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that two monosaccharides are linked to each other through glycosidic linkage and results in the formation of a disaccharide. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 2 is an example of disaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether glycogen is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Glycogen is a polymeric form of D-glucose which on hydrolysis gives glucose units. Each glucose unit is linked by α1,4-glycosidic linkage. Therefore, glycogen is an example of polysaccharide. Glycogen is present in the muscles and liver of animals.

Conclusion

Glycogen on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether amulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Amylose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Amylose is a polymeric form of α D-glucose because amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. Each glucose is linked with α1,4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of amylose. Therefore, amylose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. As a result, amylose is a polysaccharide.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Chapter 17 Solutions

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry

Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Chemistry
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Recommended textbooks for you
  • Text book image
    Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305960060
    Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Text book image
    Chemistry: Matter and Change
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9780078746376
    Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
    Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
    Text book image
    World of Chemistry, 3rd edition
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781133109655
    Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
    Publisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
  • Text book image
    Chemistry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305957404
    Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Text book image
    Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305079243
    Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Text book image
    Chemistry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781133611097
    Author:Steven S. Zumdahl
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305960060
Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Chemistry: Matter and Change
Chemistry
ISBN:9780078746376
Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
Text book image
World of Chemistry, 3rd edition
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133109655
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
Text book image
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079243
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133611097
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl
Publisher:Cengage Learning