Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337553292
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 18.1, Problem 18.1QQ
To determine
The direction in which the energy travels.
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Two objects, with different sizes, masses, and temperatures, are placed in thermal contact. In which direction does the energy travel? (a) Energy travels from the larger object to the smaller object. (b) Energy travels from the object with more mass to the one with less mass. (c) Energy travels from the object at higher temperature to the object at lower temperature.
What is the role of “loose” electrons in heat conductors?
(A) Loose electrons move quickly away from hot locations, making it impossible for energy to move and making the object a good insulator.
(B) Loose electrons absorb energy, giving materials a high specific heat capacity.
(C) Loose electrons vibrate and emit radiation that carries energy through the material at the speed of light.
(D) Loose electrons transfer energy rapidly through a solid.
You heat up a piece of hot metal with an emissivity of 0.1 until it glows. If the temperature of the metal is 3000 K, and the surface area of the metal is 0.1 meters squared, how much heat energy per second is transferred by radiation from the metal?
0.000001701 Joules per second (or Watts)
30 Joules per second (or Watts)
459270 Joules per second (or Watts)
45927 Joules per second (or Watts)
810000000000 Joules per second (or Watts)
Chapter 18 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.1QQCh. 18.3 - Consider the following pairs of materials. Which...Ch. 18.4 - If you are asked to make a very sensitive glass...Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 18.4QQCh. 18.5 - A common material for cushioning objects in...Ch. 18.5 - On a winter day, you turn on your furnace and the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Liquid nitrogen has a boiling point of 195.81C at...
Ch. 18 - Prob. 5PCh. 18 - Prob. 6PCh. 18 - A copper telephone wire has essentially no sag...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - The Trans-Alaska pipeline is 1 300 km long,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 10PCh. 18 - Prob. 11PCh. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 13PCh. 18 - Why is the following situation impossible? A thin...Ch. 18 - A volumetric flask made of Pyrex is calibrated at...Ch. 18 - Review. On a day that the temperature is 20.0C, a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 17PCh. 18 - Prob. 18PCh. 18 - An auditorium has dimensions 10.0 m 20.0 m 30.0...Ch. 18 - Prob. 20PCh. 18 - Prob. 21PCh. 18 - Prob. 22PCh. 18 - In state-of-the-art vacuum systems, pressures as...Ch. 18 - Prob. 24PCh. 18 - Prob. 25PCh. 18 - Prob. 26PCh. 18 - Prob. 27PCh. 18 - Prob. 28PCh. 18 - The pressure gauge on a cylinder of gas registers...Ch. 18 - Prob. 30APCh. 18 - Prob. 31APCh. 18 - Why is the following situation impossible? An...Ch. 18 - A student measures the length of a brass rod with...Ch. 18 - Prob. 34APCh. 18 - A liquid has a density . (a) Show that the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 36APCh. 18 - Prob. 37APCh. 18 - A bimetallic strip of length L is made of two...Ch. 18 - Prob. 39APCh. 18 - A vertical cylinder of cross-sectional area A is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 41APCh. 18 - Prob. 42APCh. 18 - Prob. 43APCh. 18 - Prob. 44CPCh. 18 - A 1.00-km steel railroad rail is fastened securely...Ch. 18 - Prob. 46CP
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- Object A is placed in thermal contact with a very large object B of unknown temperature. Objects A and B are allowed to reach thermal equilibrium; object Bs temperature does not change due to its comparative size. Object A is removed from thermal contact with B and placed in thermal contact with another object C at a temperature of 40C. Objects A and C are of comparable size. The temperature of C is observed to be unchanged. What is the temperature of object B?arrow_forwardBeryllium has roughly one-half the specific heat of water (H2O). Rank the quantities of energy input required to produce the following changes from the largest to the smallest. In your ranking, note any cases of equality, (a) raising the temperature of 1 kg of H2O from 20C to 26C (b) raising the temperature of 2 kg of H2O from 20C to 23C (c) raising the temperature of 2 kg of H2O from 1C to 4C (d) raising the temperature of 2 kg of beryllium from 1C to 2C (e) raising the temperature of 2 kg of H2O from -1C to 2Carrow_forwardThe same energy Q enters five different substances as heat. The temperature of 3 g of substance A increases by 10 K The temperature of 4 g of substance B increases by 4 K The temperature of 6 g of substance C increases by 15 K The temperature of 8 g of substance D increases by 6 K The temperature of 10 g of substance E increases by 10K Which substance has the greatest specific heat?arrow_forward
- As the sun shines on a 1500kg concrete slab, the slab absorbs 3.4kj of energy. Concrete's specific heat is 0.880 j/(g•*C) What will be the increase in temperature as this occurs?arrow_forwardWhen two bodies of different temperatures and masses are put in contact, a the hotter body heats up and the colder body cools down until they reach the same temperature. b the hotter body cools down and the colder body heats up until they reach the same temperature. c the less massive body cools down and the more massive body heats up until they reach the same temperature. d the more massive body cools down and the less massive body heats up until they reach the same temperature.arrow_forward2. Find amount of heat removed from skin surface for each liter of sweat that evaporates from the skin. At normal skin temperatures (37° C) the latent heat of vaporization of water is L, = 2.4 × 106 J/kg and density of water p = 998.2 kg/m³.arrow_forward
- A copper calorimeter has a mass of 0.20 kg. Oil, of mass 0.12 kg, is placed into the calorimeter. The temperature of both the oil and the calorimeter is 20 oC. 15 kJ of energy is supplied to the oil and calorimeter, and the final temperature is 50 oC. What is the specific heat capacity of the oil? (c for copper = 381 J kg-1 K-1)arrow_forwardIn a warm room a naked resting person has a skin temperature of 33°C if the room temperature is 29° C, what is the body surface area if the rate of heat loss due to convection is 43watt and the convection constant K =7.1 watt /m?.K Choose the right answer: 1.8m? 1.5m2 O 1.7m2arrow_forwardThe same energy Q enters five different substances as heat. Which of these has the greatest specific heat? The temperature of 3 g of substance A increases by 10 K The temperature of 10 g of substance E increases by 10 K The temperature of 4 g of substance B increases by 4 K The temperature of 6 g of substance C increases by 15 K The temperature of 8 g of substance D increases by 5 Karrow_forward
- A 62-kg woman eats a 620 Calorie (620 kcal) jelly doughnut for breakfast. (a) How many joules of energy are the equivalent of one jelly doughnut? 2594080 (b) How many steps must the woman climb on a very tall stairway to change the gravitational potential energy of the woman-Earth system by a value equivalent to the food energy in one jelly doughnut? Assume the height of a single stair is 15 cm. 27893 stairs (c) If the human body is only 27% efficient in converting chemical potential energy to mechanical energy, how many steps must the woman climb to work off her breakfast? 75.2 Your response differs significantly from the correct answer. Rework your solution from the beginning and check each step carefully. stairs Need Help? Read Itarrow_forwardAn ice cube at 0 degrees C is dropped into a container with 0.5 kg of water at 20° C. The specific heat of water is 4186 J/kg° C. The latent heat of fusion for water is 33.5 × 10^4 J/kg. 1. If the ice cube completely melts and the water cools to 0° C, then what is the mass of the ice cube?arrow_forwardYou stand on top of a skyscraper and drop a rubber ball from a height of 163 m. As the ball bounces off the floor it converts some of its energy into thermal energy -- it becomes warmer. Eventually, it stops bouncing and it has converted all the energy it initially had into thermal energy. How much has its temperature risen? (The specific heat of rubber is 2005 J/(kg*K).) Explain why it is very unlikely that the rubber ball from the previous question will spontaneously jump back up onto the skyscraper when you heat it up.arrow_forward
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