Concept explainers
Which compound in each pair has the lower
a. c.
b.
(a)
Interpretation: The compound in the given pair that has lower
Concept introduction: An acid is the substance that has the ability to donate a proton in the chemical reaction and base is a substance that accepts a proton. The species that do not possess hydrogen ions and formed from an acid are known as the conjugate base. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are inductive effect and polarity.
Answer to Problem 19.37P
The compound benzoic acid has lower
Explanation of Solution
The given compounds are,
Figure.1
The strength of an acid depends upon the stability of conjugate base. Stable is the conjugate base, higher is the acidity of acid. The anion formed in benzoic acid is resonance stabilized and the negative charge is delocalized on two highly electronegative oxygen atom. Thus, the conjugate base formed by the benzoic acid is more stable than that formed by cyclohexyl methanol. The compounds which have lower
Figure 2
The resonance stabilization of benzoic acid is shown below.
Figure 3
Therefore, the compound benzoic acid has lower
The compound benzoic acid has lower
(b)
Interpretation: The compound in the given pair that has lower
Concept introduction: An acid is the substance that has the ability to donate a proton in the chemical reaction and base is a substance that accepts a proton. The species that do not possess hydrogen ions and formed from an acid are known as the conjugate base. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are inductive effect and polarity.
Answer to Problem 19.37P
The compound
Explanation of Solution
The given compounds are
The electron withdrawing groups increase the acidic strength of the compound. Fluorine is more electronegative than chlorine. Due to this, the acidic strength of
The
Figure 4
Therefore, the compound
The compound
(c)
Interpretation: The compound in the given pair that has lower
Concept introduction: An acid is the substance that has the ability to donate a proton in the chemical reaction and base is a substance that accepts a proton. The species that do not possess hydrogen ions and formed from an acid are known as the conjugate base. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are inductive effect and polarity.
Answer to Problem 19.37P
The compound
Explanation of Solution
The given compounds are shown below.
Figure 5
The electron withdrawing groups increase the acidic strength of the compound. Chlorine is electron withdrawing group, whereas methyl is electron donating group. Due to this, the acidic strength of
The
Figure 6
Therefore, the compound
The compound
(d)
Interpretation: The compound in the given pair that has lower
Concept introduction: An acid is the substance that has the ability to donate a proton in the chemical reaction and base is a substance that accepts a proton. The species that do not possess hydrogen ions and formed from an acid are known as conjugate base. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are
Answer to Problem 19.37P
The compound
Explanation of Solution
The given compounds are shown below.
Figure 7
The electron withdrawing groups increase the acidic strength of the compound. Cyano is an electron withdrawing group. Due to this, the acidic strength of
The
Figure 8
Therefore, the compound
The compound
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
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