Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 19.2, Problem 1COMQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Replica plating is a technique which, is used to select mutants from a given population of wild type of colonies. It involves plating a culture on a master plate and then, transferring it to a plate containing a selection agent using a velvet sheet. This technique was developed by Esther and Joshua Lederberg.
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In Hershey and Chase’s experiment investigating which biological molecule carries genetic information, they found that phage DNA with radiolabeled phosphorus was retained in bacterial cells after transduction. To conclude that DNA is the genetic material, what assumption did they have to make?
(photo linked)
A.
Protein does not enter the bacterium during transduction.
B.
DNA does not stay in the media after transduction.
C.
All of the phage DNA was radiolabeled.
D.
Bacteria can be transduced by phage.
In Hershey and Chase’s experiment investigating which biological molecule carries genetic information, they found that phage DNA with radiolabeled phosphorus was retained in bacterial cells after transduction. To conclude that DNA is the genetic material, what assumption did they have to make?
A. Protein does not enter the bacterium during transduction.
B. DNA does not stay in the media after transduction.
C. All of the phage DNA was radiolabeled.
D. Bacteria can be transduced by phage.
All of the following apply to Luria and Delbrűck’s mutation theory as tested using E. Coli and T1 phage EXCEPT:
A. It was performed using liquid bacterial cultures
B. It involved looking for T1-resistant bacteria as an end measure
C. It was supported by the finding that the number of final cultures that were T1 phage-resistant were constant from experiment to experiment
D. It rejected the possibility of mutations occurring only in response to a T1 phage challenge
E. It supported the concept of spontaneous mutation rates
Chapter 19 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 19.1 - 1. A mutation changes a codon that specifies...Ch. 19.1 - A down promoter mutation causes the promoter of a...Ch. 19.1 - 3. A mutation in one gene that reverses the...Ch. 19.1 - Which of the following is an example of a somatic...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 19.3 - Which of the following is not an example of a...Ch. 19.3 - A point mutation could be caused by a....Ch. 19.3 - One way that TNRE may occur involves the formation...Ch. 19.4 - Nitrous acid replaces amino groups with keto...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 2COMQ
Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 19.5 - The function of photolyase is to repair a....Ch. 19.5 - Which of the following DNA repair systems may...Ch. 19.5 - 3. In nucleotide excision repair in E. coli, the...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 19.5 - An advantage of translesion-replicating...Ch. 19 - Is each of the following mutations a transition,...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 19 - What does a suppressor mutation suppress? What is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 19 - X-rays strike a chromosome in a living cell and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 7CONQCh. 19 - 8. A point mutation occurs in the middle of the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 10CONQCh. 19 - 11. Is a random mutation more likely to be...Ch. 19 - 12. Which of the following mutations could be...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13CONQCh. 19 - Discuss the consequences of a germ-line versus a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 19 - Explain how a mutagen can interfere with DNA...Ch. 19 - What type of mutation (transition, transversion,...Ch. 19 - Explain what happens to the sequence of DNA during...Ch. 19 - Distinguish between spontaneous and induced...Ch. 19 - Prob. 20CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 21CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 22CONQCh. 19 - Trinucleotide repeat expansions (TNREs) are...Ch. 19 - 24. With regard to TNRE, what is meant by the term...Ch. 19 - 25. What is the difference between the mutation...Ch. 19 - Achondroplasia is a rare form of dwarfism. It is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 27CONQCh. 19 - In the treatment of cancer, the basis for many...Ch. 19 - Prob. 29CONQCh. 19 - 30. Which of the following examples is likely to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 31CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 32CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 33CONQCh. 19 - With regard to the repair of double-strand breaks,...Ch. 19 - Prob. 35CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 36CONQCh. 19 - 37. Three common ways to repair changes in DNA...Ch. 19 - Prob. 38CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 39CONQCh. 19 - Explain how the technique of replica plating...Ch. 19 - 2. Outline how you would use the technique of...Ch. 19 - 3. From an experimental point of view, is it...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4EQCh. 19 - Prob. 5EQCh. 19 - 6. Richard Boyce and Paul Howard-Flanders...Ch. 19 - In E. coli, a variety of mutator strains have been...Ch. 19 - 2. Discuss the times in a person’s life when it is...Ch. 19 - A large amount of research is aimed at studying...
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- In the Hershey and Chase experiment involving T2 phage,a. most of the 32P entered the bacterial cells whereas most of the 35S did not.b. most of the 35S entered the bacterial cells whereas most of the 32P did not.c. equal amounts of 32P and 35S entered the bacterial cells.d. none of the above was observed.arrow_forwardIn the phage titer experiment, why did you plate multiple dilutions? a. so that you should have a countable plate b. to have duplicates to count c. As a control d. to be certain the E. coli was not previously infectedarrow_forwardSome scientists are trying to engineer bacteriophageto treat bacterial infections in humans when theinfections do not respond to chemical antibiotics.a. What possible advantages might phage therapyhave over antibiotic therapy?b. Describe potential difficulties that would need tobe overcome for phage therapy to succeed.c. How might researchers best confront the issue thatbacterial cells could become resistant to bacteriophage just as they could to antibiotics?arrow_forward
- Some scientists are trying to engineer bacteriophageto treat bacterial infections in humans when theinfections do not respond to chemical antibiotics.a. What possible advantages might phage therapyhave over antibiotic therapy?arrow_forwardSome strains of Escherichia coli bacteria have acquired the ability to produce the harmful Shiga toxin, normally produced by Shigella dysenteriae. Which statements best explain why this occurs? Mark all that apply. A. conjugation between two different species of bacteria allowed both strains of bacteria to express a virulence factor B. transformation resulted in expression of a virulence factor C. horizontal gene transfer between different species of bacteria D. transduction of a specific gene resulted in expression of new traitsarrow_forwardA particular strain of λ (lambda) can lysogenize its E. coli host at 30°C, but not at 42°C. Could a temperature-sensitive mutation in the int (integrase) gene explain this phenotype? A. There is insufficient information to answer the question. B. No C. Yesarrow_forward
- If a researcher accidentally transformed the bacterial two hybrid plasmids ( pKT25-X and pUT18-Y) into a normal strain of E coli that produces adenylate cyclase, his/her experiment will: a. show a high lacZ activity in all tubes (control and experiment) because Proteins X and Y do not need to be interacting in order to activate lacZ gene prescription. b. not work because cells lack cAMP. c. need replicates in order to show true interaction between X and Y.arrow_forwardIn a molecular biology laboratory, a student obtained competent E. coli cells and used a common transformation procedure to induce the uptake of plasmid DNA with a gene for resistance to the antibiotic kanamycin. The results below were obtained. Plate I. LB agar +kan plasmid Plate II. LB agar with kanamycin +kan plasmid Plate IV. Plate II. LB agar no plasmid added LB agar with kanamycin no plasmid added On which petri dish do only transformed cells grow? b. Plate I| a. Plate I c. Plate III d. Plate IV Which of the plates is used as a control to show that non-transformed E. coli will not grow in the presence of kanamycin? a. Plate I b. Plate II c. Plate II d. Plate IV If a student wants to verify that transformation has occurred, which of the following procedures should s/he use? a. Spread cells from Plate I onto a plate with LB agar, incubate. b. Spread cells from Plate Il onto a plate with LB agar, incubate. c. Repeat the initial spread of-kanR cells onto plate IV to eliminate…arrow_forwardIn the 1953 study by Hershey and Chase A. 32P was found in supernatants after T2 infection B. 35S was found in bacterial pellets after T2 infection C. E. coli genomes were inherited after T2 infection D. RNA was excluded as THE heritable material E. T2 coats were removed with a blender after initial phage bindingarrow_forward
- During transduction via phage P1,a. any small fragment of the bacterial chromosome may betransferred to another bacterium by a phage.b. only a specific fragment of DNA may be transferred to anotherbacterium by a phage.c. any small fragment of the bacterial chromosome may betransferred during conjugation.d. only a specific fragment of DNA may be transferred duringconjugation.arrow_forwardWhen plasmids are isolated from bacterial cells, they may existin a number of forms.a. List the different forms that may be found.b. Which do you think would migrate the fastest and farthest in anelectrophoresis experiment and why?arrow_forwardThe function of CRISPR gene cluster in Streptococcus pyogenes is to Select one or more: a. destroy phage DNA in the bacteria. O b. protect phage DNA in the bacteria. Oc. repair the damaged DNA in its genome. O d. delete the specific genes in its genome.arrow_forward
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