Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: Considering the given set of elements, nonmetals should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Periodic Table: The available chemical elements are arranged considering their
In periodic table the horizontal rows are called periods and the vertical column are called group.
The elements placed on the left of the table are metals which contain its last electron on s-orbital hence considered as s-block elements and the elements placed on the right side of the table contains its last electron in p-orbital which is regarded as p-block elements.
The s and p block elements together are called as main group elements.
Nonmetals: The right of diagonal elements stretches from boron to Tellurium, in group 14 to 18.
Main group elements are included from group 1A to 8A.
Lanthanides are 6th period elements from lanthanide to hafnium.
Actinides are 7th period elements from actinium to lawrencium.
8A group elements, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine and chlorine are the elements occur in gaseous state.
(b)
Interpretation: Considering the given set of elements, main group elements should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Periodic Table: The available chemical elements are arranged considering their atomic number, the electronic configuration and their properties. The elements placed on the left of the table are metals and non-metals are placed on right side of the table.
In periodic table the horizontal rows are called periods and the vertical column are called group.
The elements placed on the left of the table are metals which contain its last electron on s-orbital hence considered as s-block elements and the elements placed on the right side of the table contains its last electron in p-orbital which is regarded as p-block elements.
The s and p block elements together are called as main group elements.
Nonmetals: The right of diagonal elements stretches from boron to Tellurium, in group 14 to 18.
Main group elements are included from group 1A to 8A.
Lanthanides are 6th period elements from lanthanide to hafnium.
Transition elements are included in 1B to 8B group’s elements.
Actinides are 7th period elements from actinium to lawrencium.
8A group elements, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine and chlorine are the elements occur in gaseous state.
(c)
Interpretation: Considering the given set of elements, lanthanides should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Periodic Table: The available chemical elements are arranged considering their atomic number, the electronic configuration and their properties. The elements placed on the left of the table are metals and non-metals are placed on right side of the table.
In periodic table the horizontal rows are called periods and the vertical column are called group.
The elements placed on the left of the table are metals which contain its last electron on s-orbital hence considered as s-block elements and the elements placed on the right side of the table contains its last electron in p-orbital which is regarded as p-block elements.
The s and p block elements together are called as main group elements.
Nonmetals: The right of diagonal elements stretches from boron to Tellurium, in group 14 to 18.
Main group elements are included from group 1A to 8A.
Lanthanides are 6th period elements from lanthanide to hafnium.
Transition elements are included in 1B to 8B group’s elements.
Actinides are 7th period elements from actinium to lawrencium.
8A group elements, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine and chlorine are the elements occur in gaseous state.
(d)
Interpretation: Considering the given set of elements, transition elements should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Periodic Table: The available chemical elements are arranged considering their atomic number, the electronic configuration and their properties. The elements placed on the left of the table are metals and non-metals are placed on right side of the table.
In periodic table the horizontal rows are called periods and the vertical column are called group.
The elements placed on the left of the table are metals which contain its last electron on s-orbital hence considered as s-block elements and the elements placed on the right side of the table contains its last electron in p-orbital which is regarded as p-block elements.
The s and p block elements together are called as main group elements.
Nonmetals: The right of diagonal elements stretches from boron to Tellurium, in group 14 to 18.
Main group elements are included from group 1A to 8A.
Lanthanides are 6th period elements from lanthanide to hafnium.
Transition elements are included in 1B to 8B group’s elements.
Actinides are 7th period elements from actinium to lawrencium.
8A group elements, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine and chlorine are the elements occur in gaseous state.
(e)
Interpretation: Considering the given set of elements, actinides should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Periodic Table: The available chemical elements are arranged considering their atomic number, the electronic configuration and their properties. The elements placed on the left of the table are metals and non-metals are placed on right side of the table.
In periodic table the horizontal rows are called periods and the vertical column are called group.
The elements placed on the left of the table are metals which contain its last electron on s-orbital hence considered as s-block elements and the elements placed on the right side of the table contains its last electron in p-orbital which is regarded as p-block elements.
The s and p block elements together are called as main group elements.
Nonmetals: The right of diagonal elements stretches from boron to Tellurium, in group 14 to 18.
Main group elements are included from group 1A to 8A.
Lanthanides are 6th period elements from lanthanide to hafnium.
Transition elements are included in 1B to 8B group’s elements.
Actinides are 7th period elements from actinium to lawrencium.
8A group elements, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine and chlorine are the elements occur in gaseous state.
(f)
Interpretation: Considering the given set of elements, gases should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Periodic Table: The available chemical elements are arranged considering their atomic number, the electronic configuration and their properties. The elements placed on the left of the table are metals and non-metals are placed on right side of the table.
In periodic table the horizontal rows are called periods and the vertical column are called group.
The elements placed on the left of the table are metals which contain its last electron on s-orbital hence considered as s-block elements and the elements placed on the right side of the table contains its last electron in p-orbital which is regarded as p-block elements.
The s and p block elements together are called as main group elements.
Nonmetals: The right of diagonal elements stretches from boron to Tellurium, in group 14 to 18.
Main group elements are included from group 1A to 8A.
Lanthanides are 6th period elements from lanthanide to hafnium.
Transition elements are included in 1B to 8B group’s elements.
Actinides are 7th period elements from actinium to lawrencium.
8A group elements, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine and chlorine are the elements occur in gaseous state.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 2 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
- What are the live most abundant elements (by mass) in the earth’s crust, oceans, and atmosphere?arrow_forward2-73 (Chemical Connections 2D) Copper is a soft metal. how can it be made harder?arrow_forward2-43 Which group(s) of the Periodic Table contain(s): (a) Only metals? (b) Only metalloids? (c) Only nonmetals?arrow_forward
- Chlorine exists mainly as two isotopes, 37Cl and 33Cl. Which is more abundant? How do you know?arrow_forwardWhat are the two most abundant elements by mass in the earths crust, oceans, and atmosphere? Does this make sense? Why? What are the four most abundant elements by mass in the human body? Does this make sense? Why?arrow_forwardD1. One atom has 20 protons and a mass number of 44. Another atom has 20 protons and a mass number of 40. (a) What is the similarity and dissimilarity in these atoms? (b) The atom combines with phosphate ion. Write the chemical formula and chemical name of the compound. (c) What is the valency and oxidation number of an atom in the elemental form?arrow_forward
- Consider the following organic substances: ethanol, propane,hexane, and propanol. (a) Which of these molecules contains an OH group? (b) Which of these molecules containsthree carbon atoms?arrow_forward1. Using the various group classifications from the periodic table, assign all appropriate labels to each of the following elements. Each element will have multiple (2 or more) answers. (a) Silver (b) Tennessine (c) Samarium (d) Antimony 2. Calculate the numbers of each type of nucleon and the number of electrons in each of the following species. (a) neodymium-149 (b) tantalum-179 (c) sellenium-79 dianion (d) krypton-85 trication 3. Write the ground-state electron configuration for the following atoms or ions. Use core notation in your electron configurations at your own discretion. (a) As (b) Au (c) Ce (d) Zn2− (e) Po4+ 4. Write an appropriate set of four quantum numbers (n, l, ms & ms) that could be representative of a valence electron in each of the following atoms or ions. (a) Bi (b) Sr (c) Mo (d) Ru2+ (e) Eu 5. In theory, there are an infinite number of energy levels and atomic orbital types that we can define using the solutions to the Schrödinger…arrow_forward(a) Calculate the number of electrons in a small, electrically neutral silver pin that has a mass of 8.0 g. Silver has 47 electrons per atom, and its molar mass is 107.87 g/mol. (b) Imagine adding electrons to the pin until the negative charge has the very large value 2.00 mC. How many electrons are added for every 109 electrons already present?arrow_forward
- (a) Atoms are very small compared to objects on the macroscopic scale. The radius of a vanadium atom is 131 pm. What is this value in meters and in centimeters? cm (b) The mass of a single vanadium atom is 8.46×10-23 g. Suppose enough V atoms were lined up like beads on a string to span a distance of 44.7 cm ( 18 atoms inches). How many atoms would be required? What mass in grams of V would be used? Could you weigh out this amount of vanadium using a typical laboratory balance? (c) Taking the density of vanadium metal to be 6.08 g/cm³, calculate the mass of metal needed to form a piece of V wire with the same length as the distance in b, but with a diameter of 1.00 mm. Hint: The volume of a cylinder is T times its radius squared times its height. (V = T r² h) How many vanadium atoms does this represent? atomsarrow_forwardThe anticancer drug Platinol (Cisplatin), Pt(NH₃)₂Cl₂,reacts with the cancer cell’s DNA and interferes with its growth.(a) What is the mass % of platinum (Pt) in Platinol? (b) If Pt costs$19/g, how many grams of Platinol can be made for $1.00 million(assume that the cost of Pt determines the cost of the drug)?arrow_forward(d) the ion with 74 electrons, 116 neutrons, and a +3 chargearrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning