Financial & Managerial Accounting
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781285866307
Author: Carl Warren, James M. Reeve, Jonathan Duchac
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 20, Problem 20.21EX
Contribution margin reporting and analysis for a service company
The management of East Coast Railroad Company introduced in Exercise 20 improved the profitability of the Atlanta/Baltimore route in May by reducing the price of a railcar from $600 to $500. This price reduction increased the demand for rail services. Thus, the number of railcars increased by 275 railcars to a total of 700 railcars. This was accomplished by increasing the size of each train but not the number of trains. Thus, the number of train-miles was unchanged. All the activity rates remained unchanged.
- A. Prepare a contribution margin report for the Atlanta/Baltimore route for May. Calculate the contribution margin ratio in percentage terms to one decimal place.
- B. Prepare a contribution margin analysis to evaluate management’s actions in May. Assume that the May planned quantity, price, and unit cost were the same as April.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Changes in Cost Structure; Break-Even Analysis; Operating Leverage; Margin of Safety
Morton Company’s contribution format income statement for last month is given below:
The industry in which Morton Company operates is quite sensitive to cyclical movements in the economy. Thus, profits vary considerably from year to year according to general economic conditions. The company has a large amount of unused capacity and is studying ways of improving profits.
Required:
1. New equipment has come onto the market that would allow Morton Company to automate a portion of its operations. Variable expenses would be reduced by $9 per unit. However, fixed expenses would increase to a total of $225,000 each month. Prepare two contribution format income statements, one showing present operations and one showing how operations would appear if the new equipment is purchased. Show an Amount column, a Per Unit column, and a Percent column on each statement. Do not show percentages for the fixed expenses.…
The South Division of Bramble Company reported the following data for the current year.
Sales
Variable costs
Controllable fixed costs
Average operating assets
1.
2.
Top management is unhappy with the investment center's return on investment (ROI). It asks the manager of the South Division to
submit plans to improve ROI in the next year. The manager believes it is feasible to consider the following independent courses of
action.
3.
Return on Investment
$2,900,000
Increase sales by $300,000 with no change in the contribution margin percentage.
Reduce variable costs by $160,000.
Reduce average operating assets by 3.00%.
1,943,000
(a) Compute the return on investment (ROI) for the current year. (Round ROI to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.57%)
Action 1
600,000
5,000,000
Action 2
Action 3
(b) Using the ROI equation, compute the ROI under each of the proposed courses of action. (Round ROI to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.57%)
Return on investment
%
%
1 %
%
The South Division of Wiig Company reported the following data for the current year.
Sales
Variable costs
Controllable fixed costs
Average operating assets
1.
2.
3.
Top management is unhappy with the investment center's return on investment (ROI). It asks the manager of the South Division to
submit plans to improve ROI in the next year. The manager believes it is feasible to consider the following independent courses of
action.
Return on Investment
$2,950,000
1,947,000
Increase sales by $300,000 with no change in the contribution margin percentage.
Reduce variable costs by $155,000.
Reduce average operating assets by 4%.
Action 1
595,000
(a) Compute the return on investment (ROI) for the current year. (Round ROI to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.57%.)
Action 2
5,000,000
Action 3
(b) Using the ROI formula, compute the ROI under each of the proposed courses of action. (Round ROI to 2 decimal places, e.g.
1.57%.)
Return on investment
do
%
%
%
%
Chapter 20 Solutions
Financial & Managerial Accounting
Ch. 20 - What types of costs are customarily included in...Ch. 20 - Which type of manufacturing cost (direct...Ch. 20 - Which of the following costs would be included in...Ch. 20 - In the variable costing income statement, how are...Ch. 20 - Since all costs of operating a business are...Ch. 20 - Discuss how financial data prepared on the basis...Ch. 20 - Why might management analyze product...Ch. 20 - Explain why rewarding sales personnel on the basis...Ch. 20 - Discuss the two factors affecting both sales and...Ch. 20 - How is the quantity factor for an increase or a...
Ch. 20 - Explain why service companies use different...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.1APECh. 20 - Variable costing Marley Company has the following...Ch. 20 - Variable costingproduction exceeds sales Fixed...Ch. 20 - Variable costingproduction exceeds sales Fixed...Ch. 20 - Variable costingsales exceed production The...Ch. 20 - Variable costing sales exceed production The...Ch. 20 - Analyzing income under absorption and variable...Ch. 20 - Analyzing income under absorption and variable...Ch. 20 - Contribution margin by segment The following...Ch. 20 - Contribution margin by segment The following...Ch. 20 - Contribution margin analysis The actual price for...Ch. 20 - Contribution margin analysis The actual variable...Ch. 20 - Inventory valuation under absorption costing and...Ch. 20 - Income statements under absorption costing and...Ch. 20 - Income statements under absorption costing and...Ch. 20 - Cost of goods manufactured, using variable costing...Ch. 20 - Variable costing income statement On June 50, the...Ch. 20 - Absorption costing income statement On July 31,...Ch. 20 - Variable costing income statement The following...Ch. 20 - Estimated income statements, using absorption and...Ch. 20 - Variable and absorption costing Ansara Company had...Ch. 20 - Variable and absorption costingthree products...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.11EXCh. 20 - Product profitability analysis Power Train Sports...Ch. 20 - Territory and product profitability analysis Coast...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.14EXCh. 20 - Segment profitability analysis The marketing...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.16EXCh. 20 - Prob. 20.17EXCh. 20 - Prob. 20.18EXCh. 20 - Contribution margin analysis variable costs Based...Ch. 20 - Variable costing income statement for a service...Ch. 20 - Contribution margin reporting and analysis for a...Ch. 20 - Variable costing income statement and contribution...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.1APRCh. 20 - Income statements under absorption costing and...Ch. 20 - Absorption and variable costing income statements...Ch. 20 - Salespersons' report and analysis Walthman...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.5APRCh. 20 - Contribution margin analysis Dozier Industries...Ch. 20 - Absorption and variable costing income statements...Ch. 20 - Income statements under absorption costing and...Ch. 20 - Absorption and variable costing income statements...Ch. 20 - Salespersons' report and analysis Pachec Inc....Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.5BPRCh. 20 - Contribution margin analysis Mathews Company...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.1CPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.3CPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.4CPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.5CP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, accounting and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Product costing and decision analysis for a service company Blue Star Airline provides passenger airline service, using small jets. The airline connects four major cities: Charlotte, Pittsburgh, Detroit, and San Francisco. The company expects to fly 170,000 miles during a month. The following costs are budgeted for a month: Blue Star management wishes to assign these costs to individual flights in order to gauge the profitability of its service offerings. The following activity bases were identified with the budgeted costs: The size of the companys ground operation in each city is determined by the size of the workforce. The following monthly data are available from corporate records for each terminal operation: Three recent representative flights have been selected for the profitability study. Their characteristics are as follows: Instructions Determine the fuel, crew, and depreciation cost per mile flown. Determine the cost per arrival or departure by terminal city. Use the information in (1) and (2) to construct a profitability report for the three flights. Each flight has a single arrival and departure to its origin and destination city pairs.arrow_forwardKatayama Company produces a variety of products. One division makes neoprene wetsuits. The divisions projected income statement for the coming year is as follows: Required: 1. Compute the contribution margin per unit, and calculate the break-even point in units. Repeat, using the contribution margin ratio. 2. The divisional manager has decided to increase the advertising budget by 140,000 and cut the average selling price to 200. These actions will increase sales revenues by 1 million. Will this improve the divisions financial situation? Prepare a new income statement to support your answer. 3. Suppose sales revenues exceed the estimated amount on the income statement by 612,000. Without preparing a new income statement, determine by how much profits are underestimated. 4. How many units must be sold to earn an after-tax profit of 1.254 million? Assume a tax rate of 34 percent. (Round your answer up to the next whole unit.) 5. Compute the margin of safety in dollars based on the given income statement. 6. Compute the operating leverage based on the given income statement. (Round to three significant digits.) If sales revenues are 20 percent greater than expected, what is the percentage increase in profits?arrow_forwardCost-Volume-Profit, Margin of Safety Victoria Company produces a single product. Last years income statement is as follows: Required: 1. Compute the break-even point in units and sales dollars calculated using the break-even units. 2. What was the margin of safety for Victoria last year in sales dollars? 3. Suppose that Victoria is considering an investment in new technology that will increase fixed cost by 250,000 per year but will lower variable costs to 45% of sales. Units sold will remain unchanged. Prepare a budgeted income statement assuming that Victoria makes this investment. What is the new break-even point in sales dollars, assuming that the investment is made?arrow_forward
- Youngstown Construction plans to discontinue its rooting segment. Last year, this segment generated a contribution margin of $65.000 and incurred $70.000 in fixed costs. Discontinuing the segment will allow the company to avoid half of the fixed costs. What effect is expected to occur to the companys overall profit? A. a decrease of $5,000 B. a decrease of $30,000 C. a decrease of $5,000 D. an increase of $30,000arrow_forwardFinancial and Nonfinancial Aspects of Changing to JIT IntelliTalk manufactures smart phones. It is considering the implementation of a JIT system. Costs to reconfigure the production line will amount to 200,000 annually. Estimated benefits from the change to JIT are as follows: The quality advantages of JIT should reduce current rework cost of 300,000 by 25%. Materials storage, handling, and insurance costs of 250,000 would be reduced by an estimated 40%. Average inventory is expected to decline by 300,000 units, and the carrying cost per unit is .35. Required: 1. What is the estimated financial advantage or disadvantage of changing to a JIT system? 2. Are there any nonfinancial advantages or disadvantages of changing to a JIT system?arrow_forwardSegment variable costing income statement and effect on operating income of change in operations Valdespin Company manufactures three sizes of camping tentssmall (S), medium (M), and large (L). The income statement has consistently indicated a net loss for the M size, and management is considering three proposals: (1) continue Size M, (2) discontinue Size M and reduce total output accordingly, or (3) discontinue Size M and conduct an advertising campaign to expand the sales of Size S so that the entire plant capacity can continue to be used. If Proposal 2 is selected and Size M is discontinued and production curtailed, the annual fixed production costs and fixed operating expenses could be reduced by 46,080 and 32,240, respectively. If Proposal 3 is selected, it is anticipated that an additional annual expenditure of 34,560 for the rental of additional warehouse space would yield an additional 130% in Size S sales volume. It is also assumed that the increased production of Size S would utilize the plant facilities released by the discontinuance of Size M. The sales and costs have been relatively stable over the past few years, and they are expected to remain so for the foreseeable future. The income statement for the past year ended June 30, 20Y9, is as follows: Instructions 1. Prepare an income statement for the past year in the variable costing format. Use the following headings: Data for each size should be reported through contribution margin. The fixed costs should be deducted from the total contribution margin, as reported in the Total column, to determine operating income. 2. Based on the income statement prepared in (1) and the other data presented, determine the amount by which total annual operating income would be reduced below its present level if Proposal 2 is accepted. 3. Prepare an income statement in the variable costing format, indicating the projected annual operating income if Proposal 3 is accepted. Use the following headings: Data for each style should be reported through contribution margin. The fixed costs should be deducted from the total contribution margin as reported in the Total column. For purposes of this problem, the expenditure of 34,560 for the rental of additional warehouse space can be added to the fixed operating expenses. 4. By how much would total annual operating income increase above its present level if Proposal 3 is accepted? Explain.arrow_forward
- Contribution margin, break-even sales, cost-volume-profit chart, margin of safety, and operating leverage Belmain Co. expects to maintain the same inventories at the end of 20Y7 as at the beginning of the year. The total of all production costs for the year is therefore assumed to be equal to the cost of goods sold. With this in mind, the various department heads were asked to submit estimates of the costs for their departments during the year. A summary report of these estimates is as follows: It is expected that 12,000 units will be sold at a price of 240 a unit. Maximum sales within the relevant range are 18,000 units. Instructions 1. Prepare an estimated income statement for 20Y7. 2. What is the expected contribution margin ratio? 3. Determine the break-even sales in units and dollars. 4. Construct a cost-volume-profit chart indicating the break-even sales. 5. What is the expected margin of safety in dollars and as a percentage of sales? (Round to one decimal place.) 6. Determine the operating leverage.arrow_forwardVulcan Company's contribution format income statement for June is as follows: Vulcan Company Income Statement For the Month Ended June 30 Sales Variable expenses Contribution margin Fixed expenses Net operating income $ Management is disappointed with the company's performance and is wondering what can be done to improve profits. By examining sales and cost records, you have determined the following: 800,000 300,000 500,000 475,000 $ 25,000 a. The company is divided into two sales territories-Northern and Southern. The Northern Territory recorded $400,000 in sales and $220,000 in variable expenses during June; the remaining sales and variable expenses were recorded in the Southern Territory. Fixed expenses of $156,000 and $100,000 are traceable to the Northern and Southern Territories, respectively. The rest of the fixed expenses are common to the two territories. b. The company is the exclusive distributor for two products-Paks and Tibs. Sales of Paks and Tibs totaled $100,000 and…arrow_forwardThe South Division of Wiig Company reported the following data for the current year. Sales Variable costs Controllable fixed costs Average operating assets 1. 2 $3,000,000 1,950,000 Top management is unhappy with the investment center's return on investment (ROI). It asks the manager of the South Division to submit plans to improve ROI in the next year. The manager believes it is feasible to consider the following independent courses of action. 3. 600,000 5,000,000 Increase sales by $300,000 with no change in the contribution margin percentage. Reduce variable costs by $150,000. Reduce average operating assets by 6.25%. (a) Compute the return on investment (ROI) for the current year. (Round ROI to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.57%)arrow_forward
- Vulcan Company's contribution format income statement for June is as follows: Vulcan Company Income Statement For the Month Ended June 30 Sales Variable expenses Contribution margin Fixed expenses Net operating income $ 800,000 300,000 500,000 475,000 $ 25,000 Management is disappointed with the company's performance and is wondering what can be done to improve profits. By examining sales and cost records, you have determined the following: a. The company is divided into two sales territories-Northern and Southern. The Northern Territory recorded $400,000 in sales and $220,000 in variable expenses during June; the remaining sales and variable expenses were recorded in the Southern Territory. Fixed expenses of $156,000 and $100,000 are traceable to the Northern and Southern Territories, respectively. The rest of the fixed expenses are common to the two territories. b. The company is the exclusive distributor for two products-Paks and Tibs. Sales of Paks and Tibs totaled $100,000 and…arrow_forwardFrieden Company's contribution format income statement for last month is shown below: Sales (30,000 units) Variable expenses Contribution margin Fixed expenses Operating income $1,200,000 720,000 480,000 384,000 $ 96,000 Competition is intense, and Frieden Company's profits vary considerably from one year to the next. Management is exploring opportunities to increase profitability. Required: 1. Frieden's management is considering a major upgrade to the manufacturing equipment, which would result in fixed expenses increasing by $480,000 per month. However, variable expenses would decrease by $16 per unit. Selling price would not change. Prepare two contribution format income statements, one showing current operations and one showing how operations would appear if the upgrade is completed. Show an Amount column, a Per Unit column, and a Percentage column on each statement. $ FRIEDEN COMPANY Contribution Margin Income Statement Present Amount 0 $ 0 Per Unit 0 % 0 $ Amount Proposed Per…arrow_forwardAssume a retailing company has two departments-Department A and Department B. The company's most recent contribution format income statement follows: Sales Variable expenses Contribution margin Fixed expenses Net operating income (loss) Multiple Choice O The company says that $110,000 of the fixed expenses being charged to Department B are sunk costs or allocated costs that will continue if the segment is discontinued. However, if Department B is discontinued the sales in Department A will drop by 12%. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of discontinuing Department B? O O O $(148,000) $(152,000) $(147,600) Total $ 800,000 320,000 $(127,600) 480,000 400,000 $ 80,000 Department A Department B $ 350,000 $ 450,000 120,000 200,000 230,000 250,000 260,000 140,000 $ 90,000 $ (10,000)arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Financial & Managerial AccountingAccountingISBN:9781337119207Author:Carl Warren, James M. Reeve, Jonathan DuchacPublisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial AccountingAccountingISBN:9781337912020Author:Carl Warren, Ph.d. Cma William B. TaylerPublisher:South-Western College Pub
Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Ser...AccountingISBN:9781305970663Author:Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. MowenPublisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Accounting: The Cornerstone of Busines...AccountingISBN:9781337115773Author:Maryanne M. Mowen, Don R. Hansen, Dan L. HeitgerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Cost AccountingAccountingISBN:9781305087408Author:Edward J. Vanderbeck, Maria R. MitchellPublisher:Cengage Learning
Financial And Managerial AccountingAccountingISBN:9781337902663Author:WARREN, Carl S.Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Financial & Managerial Accounting
Accounting
ISBN:9781337119207
Author:Carl Warren, James M. Reeve, Jonathan Duchac
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Accounting
Accounting
ISBN:9781337912020
Author:Carl Warren, Ph.d. Cma William B. Tayler
Publisher:South-Western College Pub
Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Ser...
Accounting
ISBN:9781305970663
Author:Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. Mowen
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Accounting: The Cornerstone of Busines...
Accounting
ISBN:9781337115773
Author:Maryanne M. Mowen, Don R. Hansen, Dan L. Heitger
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Cost Accounting
Accounting
ISBN:9781305087408
Author:Edward J. Vanderbeck, Maria R. Mitchell
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Financial And Managerial Accounting
Accounting
ISBN:9781337902663
Author:WARREN, Carl S.
Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Relevant Costing Explained; Author: Kaplan UK;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hnsh3hlJAkI;License: Standard Youtube License