Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The glycosidic linkage in cellobiose should be located.
Concept Introduction:
Disaccharides are carbohydrate produced by the combination of two monosaccharides. Disaccharides are acetals. Monosaccharide contains hemiacetal. When a hemiacetal hydroxyl group is reacted with a hydroxyl group of another monosaccharide, a disaccharide is yielded.
(b)
Interpretation:
Carbon atoms in both rings should be numbered.
Concept Introduction:
When numbering carbons in a cyclic carbohydrate, the numbering starts at acetal or hemiacetal carbon that means at the anomeric carbon, giving it the number 1. And the numbering continues clockwise. O atom in the ring is not given a number.
(c)
Interpretation:
The glycosidic linkage should be classified as a and β and the location of the linkage should be designated using the numbers.
Concept Introduction:
If the glycosidic linkage is oriented down or below the plane of the ring then it is an a glycoside. If the glycosidic linkage is oriented up, above the plane of the ring, then it is a β-glycoside.
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General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
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