Interpretation:
The tail-to-tail linkage synthesis of squalene by the nature has to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Terpenes are made by joining five –carbon units, usually in a head to tail-fashion.
Monoterpenes are those terpenes with two isoprene units- have 10 carbons, sesquiterpenes have 15 carbons, diterpenes have 20 carbons, triterpenes have 30 carbons and tetraterpenes have 40 carbons.
Isopentenyl pyrophosphate is the five-carbon compound used for the biosynthesis of terpenes.
According to the isoprene rule, the isoprene units are terpenoids joined by head to tail linkage or 1-4-linkage.
Squalene, first isolated from the liver of sharks (genus Squalus), has 30 carbons, 24 in the main chain and 6 in the form of methyl group branches.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 20 Solutions
Essential Organic Chemistry (3rd Edition)
- Construct the structure of isotactic polypropylene by dragging the appropriate groups onto the wedge-and-dash bonds. Some groups may not be needed. (Remember the abbreviation Me = CH3 or methyl.)arrow_forwardWhy is it important to determine polymer chain length?arrow_forwardwhich of these compounds have the highest boiling point? and which one is the lowest? (does it have to do with hydrogen bonding?)arrow_forward
- Compare thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers: (a) according of mechanical characteristics upon heating; and (b) on the basis of possible molecular structures.arrow_forwardWhat specific aspects of polymer molecule structure (e.g., side group size, shape, polarity, and location) favor chain sliding?arrow_forward7. The polymer polystyrene can be drawn in its long form in the two ways shown below. Circle/highlight the repeating motif in this polymer. (See Question 13.3 on page 394 for an example of this type of problem.) H H H C -C ·C C fuluhun H H H H H H H C C H H H C6H5 C H H H C C C6H5 C6H5 H C6H5 C C6H5 H H C C C H H C6H5 H C -CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH-CH₂- H C6H5arrow_forward
- What is the correct name of the above molecule and how many can participate in hydrogen bonding with water (considering only the side chains of the amino acids)?arrow_forwardHow we can characterize the chemical composition of organic and inorganic nanostructures (suggest one characterization method).arrow_forwardPlease I want answer for this question by typing. Many Thanks DNA is a magical molecule that transmit genetic information from one generation to the other. Prepare a report on the importance of covalent bonding, hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions in determining the structure and stability of DNA molecules. (Word Limit 200)arrow_forward
- Sketch cis and trans structures for polychloroprene. Use two-dimensional Schematics.arrow_forward5. Applying Concepts Will a polar solvent, such as water, cause a difference in how the pigments are separated? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardSilane (SiHa), phosphine (PH3), and nitrous oxide (N,0) melt at -185°C, –133°C, and -91°C, respectively. What does this suggest about the polar character and intermolecular attractions of the three compounds? As the melting points increase from -185°C (silane) to -91°C (nitrous oxide), the molecules become ---Select--- polar and the intermolecular attractions ---Select---arrow_forward
- Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning